scholarly journals Extraction, isolation and evaluation of anti-toxic principles from Moringa oleifera (MOF6) and Myristica fragrans (Trimyristin) upregulated Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in Sodium arsenite-induced neurotoxicity in rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 466-482
Author(s):  
Adelaja Akinlolu ◽  
Mubarak Ameen ◽  
Tobilola Quadri ◽  
Kayode Odubela ◽  
Gabriel Omotoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Myristica Fragrans ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

This study evaluated the neuroprotective effects of MOF6 (isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves) and Trimyristin (isolated from Myristica fragrans seeds) on Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in cerebral cortices of rats with Sodium arsenite-induced neurotoxicity. Sixty-five adult male rats (150 g-250 g) were randomly divided into thirteen groups comprising of five rats per group. Groups 1 and 3 received physiological saline and 1 ml/200 g bodyweight of Olive oil respectively for 9 weeks. Group 2 received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of Sodium arsenite (SA) for 6 weeks and left untreated for another 3 weeks. Groups 4-5 received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of SA for 3 weeks followed by treatments with 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6 respectively for 6 weeks. Groups 6-7 received 20 mg/kg bodyweight of SA for 3 weeks followed by treatments with 15 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of Trimyristin respectively for 6 weeks. Groups 8-11 received 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6; 15 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of Trimyristin respectively for 9 weeks. Groups 12-13 received 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6 and 30 mg/kg bodyweight of Trimyristin respectively for 6 weeks followed by co-administration of each extract dose with 20 mg/kg bodyweight of SA for another 3 weeks. Histological examination of cerebral cortices and biochemical analyses of Acetylcholinesterase concentrations were carried out in all rats. Computed data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 with statistical significance at p≤0.05. Histo-pathological evaluations revealed normal histo-architecture of cerebral cortices of all rats. Results showed statistically significant (p≤0.05) increases in Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in rats of Groups 1-10 and 12 compared with Group 2 (2.78±1.76 𝜇mole/min/g). 7.5 mg/kg bodyweight of MOF6 showed the best therapeutic and neuro-regenerative potential against SA-induced neurotoxicity.Conclusions: Our findings implied that MOF6 and Trimyristin reversed downregulation of Acetylcholinesterase concentrations in SA-induced neurotoxicity in rats; and possess neuro-protective and neuro-regenerative potentials.

scholarly journals Moringa oleifera Extract Extenuates Echis ocellatus Venom-Induced Toxicities, Histopathological Impairments and Inflammation via Enhancement of Nrf2 Expression in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-115
Author(s):  
Akindele O. Adeyi ◽  
Sodiq O. Adeyemi ◽  
Enoh-Obong P. Effiong ◽  
Babafemi S. Ajisebiola ◽  
Olubisi E. Adeyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Blood Electrolytes ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Haematological Indices ◽  
Nrf2 Expression ◽  
Potential Remedy

Echis ocellatus snakebite causes more fatalities than all other African snake species combined. Moringa oleifera reportedly possesses an antivenom property. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of M. oleifera ethanol extract (MOE) against E. ocellatus venom (EOV) toxicities. Thirty male rats were grouped as follows (n = 5): Group 1 (normal control received saline), groups 2 to 6 were administered intraperitoneally, 0.22 mg/kg (LD50) of EOV. Group 2 was left untreated while group 3 to 6 were treated post-envenoming with 0.2 mL of polyvalent antivenom, 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg of MOE respectively. MOE significantly (p<0.05) normalized the altered haematological indices and blood electrolytes profiles. MOE attenuated venom-induced cellular dysfunctions, characterized by a significant increase in NRF2, and concomitant downregulation of increased antioxidant enzymes (SOD and CAT) activities in the serum and heart of the treated rats. MOE normalized the elevated TNF-α and IL-1β in serum and heart tissues. Furthermore, the IgG titre value was significantly (p<0.5) higher in the envenomed untreated group compared to the MOE-treated groups. Hemorrhagic, hemolytic and coagulant activities of the venom were strongly inhibited by the MOE dose, dependently. Lesions noticed on tissues of vital organs of untreated rats were abolished by MOE. Our findings substantiate the effectiveness of MOE as a potential remedy against EOV toxicities.

Effects of MOF6 Fraction from Ethanolic Extract of the Leaves of Moringa oleifera against Sodium Arsenite-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
Mubarak Ameen ◽  
Adelaja Akinlolu ◽  
Mukadam Abdulhamid ◽  
Muheen Biliaminu ◽  
Olaolu Ajiboye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Sodium Arsenite ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Glutamyl Transferase

Moringa oleifera (MO) is a plant of significant medicinal importance. The dried leaves of MO were pulverized, extracted with ethanol and fractionated using column chromatography to provide seven fractions (MOF1-7) with MOF6 having the best preliminary antioxidant  potential. Therefore, this study evaluated the hepatoprotective potentials of MOF6 in sodium arsenite (SA)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups of five rats each. Control Group I received normal saline. Groups II and III received 20 mg/kg body weight (bw) of SA for 3 and 6 weeks, respectively. Groups IV and V received 20 mg/kg bw of SA for 3 weeks followed by treatment with 5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bw of fraction MOF6, respectively, for 6 weeks. Groups VI and VII received only  5.0 and 7.5 mg/kg bw of fraction MOF6, respectively, for 6 weeks. Antioxidant (lipid peroxidation) and biochemical analyses of liver  enzymes of all rats were carried out after the completion of experimental procedures. Results showed statistically significant lower mean values (p ≤ 0.05) of malondialdehyde (MDA), acid phosphatase (ACP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in rats of Groups IV and V compared with Group III. However, there were statistically significant higher mean values (p ≤ 0.05) of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in Groups IV and V compared with Groups I and III. In conclusion, these results implied that fraction MOF6 has antioxidant and  hepatoprotective potentials. However, results of ALP analyses implied that MOF6 possibly augmented SA-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.

scholarly journals Izuchenie vliyaniya sulodeksida na endoteliy-zavisimuyu vazodilatatsiyu mozgovykh sosudov u zhivotnykhso streptozototsin-indutsirovannym sakharnym diabetom

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Nikolaevich Tyurenkov ◽  
Andrey Vladislavovich Voronkov ◽  
Anna Al'bertovna Slietsans ◽  
Evgenia Viktorovna Petrova ◽  
Grigoriy Leonidovich Snigur
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Saline ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brain Vessels ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
Group 2

Aim. To analyse effects of sulodexide on endothelium-dependent vasodilation (EDVD) of brain vessels in animals with experimental diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 45 Wistar male rats (180-219 g b.w.) allocated to 3 equal groups. Group 1 served as control, group 2 included rats with DM given physiological saline, group 3 was comprised of animals with DM given sulodexide (30 LRU for 4 weeks). The endothelial dysfunction (ED) was simulated by inducing DM (single v/v injection of 50 mg/kg streptozotocin). A month later, the endothelium-dependent and independent vasodilation was tested by registration of circulation in brain vessels in the projection of the middle cerebral artery, determination of Pourcelot?s and Gosling?s indices before and after administration of 0.001 mg/kg acetylcholine (Acros organics, USA), 300 mg/kg L-arginine (Acros organics, USA), 0.007 mg/kg nitroglycerin (MTKh, Moscow), 10 mg/kg nitro-L-arginine (Acros organics, USA). Samples for immunohistochemical analysis were prepared using antibodies against e-NOS and endothelin-1 (Novocastra TM) as recommended by the manufacturer. STATISTICA/w7.0 program for Windows (StatSoft Inc., USA) was used for basic statistical analysis of the results of all experiments. Results. Administration of acetylcholine to DM rats caused a much greater (2.58-fold) decrease of EDVD than in control animals whereas endothelium-independent vasodilation remained unaltered (following nitroglycerin administration); Pourcelot?s and Gosling?s indices significantly increased. DM rats given sulodexide showed lower Pourcelot?s and Gosling?s indices than untreated animals. Thus, impaired expression of antibodies against e-NOS and enhanced expression of anti-endothelin-1 antibodies (specific markers of endothelial disturbance) suggest development of ED in DM and endothelium protection by sulodexide that increases the eNOS level and decreases the endothelin-1 level thereby improving EDVD. Conclusion. Administration of sulodexide to DM rats increases the eNOS level and decreases the endothelin-1 level thereby improving EDVD.

scholarly journals Moringa oleifera leaves extract modulates toxicity, sperms alterations, oxidative stress, and testicular damage induced by tramadol in male rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Haitham Hassen Abd ◽  
Harith Abdulrhman Ahmed ◽  
Thulfiqar Fawwaz Mutar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Testicular Toxicity ◽  
Testicular Damage ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract Tramadol is a synthetic opioid analgesic used for moderate-to-severe pain structurally related to codeine and morphine, where their analgesic mechanism is a result of opioid and non-opioid mechanisms. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MLE) on tramadol-induced testicular toxicity, sperm changes, testicular damage, and oxidative stress in male rats. Forty male albino rats were divided into four groups and treated for 4 weeks (group 1, as control; group 2, MLE; group 3, tramadol; group 4, MLE + tramadol). The relative body weight, relative testes weight, serum total testosterone, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, sperm counts, vitality, total sperm motility, catalase, and superoxide dismutase activities were significantly decreased in tramadol-treated group when compared with the control group. In contrast, sperm abnormality, immotile sperm percent, testicular injury, and TBARS concentration in testes were significantly increased in the tramadol-treated group. In addition, histopathological examination for the tramadol-treated group has shown incomplete spermatogenesis, moderate degeneration in some seminiferous tubules with a significant decrease in the number of spermatogenic cells and depletion of Leydig cells. The administration of MLE with tramadol ameliorates the testicular toxicity, injury, sperm count, abnormalities, and oxidative stress induced by tramadol.

scholarly journals Effects of Moringa oleifera Leaves Methanolic Extract on Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
C. Udeogu ◽  
C. C. Ejiofor ◽  
A. Nwakulite
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Moringa oleifera, popularly known as “miracle tree” belongs to the family, Moringaceae. It is a medicinal plant in which the leaves are the most nutritious part, being a significant source of vitamins and protein among others. This study was conceived and designed based on the gaps in the research that has been performed and what is known about the plant. In this study, the effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract on alloxan induced diabetes in Wistar albino rats was investigated. A total of forty five (45) rats were acclimatized for a period of two weeks, then randomly divided into five (5) groups (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) of  nine (9) rats each and fed with standard feed and water. Group 1 which is the control was fed with just water and standard feed while Hyperglycemia was induced in groups 2, 3, 4, & 5 intra-peritoneally after an over-night fasting using alloxan at a concentration of 130 mg/kg b.w. and allowed for 48hours which resulted in a high blood glucose level between 300 mg/dl and 600 mg/dl. Group 2 was not given any treatment while Groups 3, 4, & 5 were treated with doses 100 mg/kg b.w., 200 mg/kg bw, and 400 mg/kgbw of Moringa oleifera leaf extract respectively for a period of four weeks. A glucometer was used to check the blood glucose level of the animals before and after treatment. The results of Groups 3, 4, & 5 (172.0±4.75 mg/dl, 142.9±47.25 mg/dl, 70.6±24.46 mg/dl respectively) showed a significant decrease (p< 0.05) in blood glucose level of the induced rats when compared with Group 2 (316±47.17 mg/dl) which was induced only alloxan. It can therefore be concluded that this study has shown that the extract of Moringa oleifera leaves offers an anti-diabetic effect in Wistar albino rats.

Scopoletin Attenuates Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Brain Injury and Improves Neurological Performance in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Wanzeng Zhang ◽  
Wangmiao Zhao ◽  
Chunyan Ge ◽  
Xiaowei Li ◽  
Zhaosheng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽  
Cerebral Edema ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Neurological Deficits ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Biochemical Analyses

Background: Among the hypertension-related complications, the onset of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a destructive stage and is the most disabling type of stroke that has the highest death rate. At present, there is no promising treatment for ICH. Objectives: The present investigation was aimed at evaluating the safeguarding effect of scopoletin against ICH-induced brain injury. Methods: We used Wistar male rats and divided them into 4 groups. Group 1 served as control, group 2 was induced with ICH, group 3 served as scopoletin-pretreated ICH rats, and group 4 as scopoletin drug control. During the experimental period, neurobehavioral outcome, cerebral edema, and neuroinflammation parameters were evaluated using RT-PCR and other biochemical analyses. Results: The rats that received scopoletin treatment demonstrated a significant attenuation in neurological deficits, neurodegeneration markers expression (TREM-1, SERPINE-1), and restored cerebral edema compared to ICH animals. On the other hand, an upsurge in inflammatory cytokines, for example, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-1β, and IL-17, was observed in ICH rats and was reduced to the level near normalcy in the scopoletin-treated groups. Conclusion: Our investigations propose that the effectiveness of scopoletin in improving acute neurological function after ICH is promising, and this could be a lead molecule for the development of treatment plans in ICH treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document