scholarly journals Relationship between glycated haemoglobin and fasting plasma glucose among diabetic out-patients at the University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel M. Musenge ◽  
Alexey Manankov ◽  
Charles Michelo ◽  
Boyd Mudenda
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
T Test ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

Background: Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement provides an accurate result of glycaemic levels from blood drawn at any time of day without reference to prandial state. We established the relationship between HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in diabetic out-patients among diabetic outpatients in Lusaka, Zambia.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out at the University Teaching Hospital diabetic clinic, Lusaka, Zambia. A total sample of 198 consenting participants was selected randomly from diabetic out-patients between September and December 2013. A structured interview schedule was used to capture data on socio-demographics and laboratory examination results. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Student’s t-test and Paired Samples t-test were used for data analysis.Results: A total of 198 patients (mean age+SD= 53.19±13.32 years) were involved in the study. Majority (60.10%) of the patients were females while 39.90 per cent were males. The mean±SD of FPG of the patients slightly increased from the previous 10.75±7.78 mmo/L to the current 11.09±6.23 mmo/L (p = 0.592). The mean±SD of HbA1c of the patients was 54.77±17.12 mmol/mol. There was a statistically significant weak and moderate positive correlation between HbA1c and the previous and current FPG (r = 0.282, P = 0.001 and (r = 0.385, p = 0.001), respectively. However, there was a statistically significant but weak negative correlation between HbA1c and age (r = -0.163, p = 0.023).Conclusion: We found evidence of an association between HbA1c and FPG proposing that as the FPG levels increase, the HbA1c levels also increase in a predictable way. There is need to sensitise more especially the major stakeholders in the management of diabetes mellitus to consider FPG as an alternative in glycaemic control monitoring in the absence of HbA1c.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrom in Three Urban Communities of Dhaka City

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shurovi Sayeed ◽  
Akhter Banu ◽  
Parvin Akter Khanam ◽  
Sharmina Alauddin ◽  
Sabrina Makbul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity ◽  
The Mean

Bangladeshis are prone to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (sHTN and dHTN) and atherosclerotic heart diseases, observed more predominantly in the urban population. Though metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a related disorder, there are few studies in this regard. The prevalence of obesity, T2DM and MetS in three urban communities of Bangladesh were addressed in this study. Nine hundred non-slum urban households in three Dhaka City Wards were randomly selected. One member (age ≥ 25y) from each household was invited for investigation with an overnight fast. Socio-demographic information as well as height, weight, waist-girth, hip-girth and blood pressure were measured. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), total cholesterol (chol), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoproteins-c (HDL) were estimated. A total of 705 (m / f = 239 / 466) subjects volunteered for the study. The mean value with 95% confidence interval (CI) of age was 42.4 (40.9 - 43.1) years for men and 37.8 (36.8 - 38.7) for women. The mean (CI) body mass index (BMI) was 21.0 (20.6 - 21.5) and 22.6 (22.2 - 22.9) and waist hip ratio (WHR) was 0.84 (0.83 - 0.84) and 0.82 (0.81 - 0.83), respectively for men and women. The mean (CI) FPG (fasting plasma glucose) was 5.5 (5.2 - 5.7) for men and 5.2 (5.0 - 5.4) for women. The prevalence of obesity (BMI ≥ 25.0) was 21%, T2DM (FPG ≥ 6.1 mmol/l) was 22.2%, triglyceridemia (TG ≥ 150mg/dl) was 45.1% and low HDL-c (HDL<40mg/ dl) was 43.8%. The crude prevalence of MetS varied based on different cluster combinations, being the lowest (0.3%) recommended by WHO cluster (FPG + BMI + SBP/DBP) and the highest (8.7%) by International Diabetes Federation (IDF) cluster (waist + FPG + HDL). The MetS was found higher in male than female by NCEP criteria and higher in female than male by IDF criteria. The study revealed an increased prevalence of obesity, T2DM and MetS in the urban communities. It also revealed that T2DM and MetS are moderately common and of growing healthcare burden in the rapidly growing urban population. Additionally, the study observed the wide ranging prevalence rates of MetS in the same study population indicating the need to establish a consistent and useful MetS-cluster depending on population characteristics. Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2008; 2(2): 44-48 Key Words: Metabolic syndrome, urban, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia   doi: 10.3329/imcj.v2i2.2936

scholarly journals Aphakia Correction by Injection of Foldable Intra Ocular Lens in the Anterior Chamber

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. OED.S12672
Author(s):  
Kagmeni Giles ◽  
Moukouri Ernest ◽  
Domngang Christelle ◽  
Nguefack-Tsague Georges ◽  
Cheuteu Raoul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Anterior Chamber ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Case Series ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The University

We assessed the outcomes of the use of anterior chamber foldable lens for unilateral aphakia correction at the University Teaching Hospital of Yaounde. In this retrospective, non-comparative, consecutive case series study, we reviewed the records of patients who underwent an operation for aphakia correction by the means of injection of an angular supported foldable lens between January 2009 and December 2011 in the University Teaching Hospital Yaounde. Student's paired t-test was carried out to compare preoperative and postoperative visual acuity (VA) and intraocular pressure (TOP). P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Twenty-one patients were included in the study; twelve were male (57.1%) and nine were female (42.9%). The mean age was 55.38 ± 17.67 years (range 9–75 years). The mean follow-up duration was 5.95 ± 3.14 months (range 2–12 months). The mean logMAR visual acuity was 1.26 ± 0.46 pre-operatively and 0.78 ± 0.57 post-operatively ( P = 0.003). The change in intraocular pressure was not statistically significant. Complications included intraocular hypertension (over 21 mmHg) in 3 patients (14.3%) and macular edema, pupillar ovalization, and retinal detachment in one patient each. The results indicate that injection of an angular support foldable lens in the anterior chamber is a useful technique for the correction of aphakia in eyes without capsular support. More extended follow-up, however, and a larger series of patients are needed to ascertain the effectiveness and safety of this procedure.

scholarly journals Antidepressant medication use and trajectories of fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin, β-cell function and insulin sensitivity: a 9-year longitudinal study of the D.E.S.I.R. cohort

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1927-1940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marine Azevedo Da Silva ◽  
Aline Dugravot ◽  
Beverley Balkau ◽  
Ronan Roussel ◽  
Frédéric Fumeron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Β Cell Function ◽  
Antidepressant Use

Abstract Background : Use of antidepressants is seen to be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, even though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We examined whether antidepressant use was associated with change in fasting plasma glucose, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), β-cell function (HOMA2-%B) and insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) over time. Methods : Participants in the French D.E.S.I.R. cohort study included over 4700 men (48.1%) and women, free of diabetes, aged 30–65 years at baseline in 1994–96 (D.E.S.I.R. 0), who were followed for 9 years at 3-yearly intervals (D.E.S.I.R. 3, 1997–99; 6, 2000–02; 9, 2003–05). Antidepressant use, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-%S were assessed concurrently at four medical examinations. Linear mixed models were used to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of time-dependent antidepressant use with changes in these four biological parameters. Results : Mean fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c increased whereas HOMA2-%B and HOMA2-%S decreased over the follow-up. In a fully adjusted model, there were no differences in: mean fasting plasma glucose ( β  = 0.01 mmol/l, P  = 0.702); HbA1c ( β  = 0.01 %, P  = 0.738); HOMA2-%B ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.812); or HOMA2-%S ( β  =−0.01, P  = 0.791) at baseline (1994–96) between antidepressant users and non-users. The interaction term with time also suggested no differences in the annual change in: fasting plasma glucose ( β  = 0.00 mmol/l, P  = 0.322); HbA1c ( β  = 0.00 %, P  = 0.496); HOMA2-%B ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.609); or HOMA2-%S ( β  = 0.00, P  = 0.332) between antidepressant users and non-users. Similar associations were observed in analyses of type and cumulative use of antidepressants over follow-up. Conclusion : Our longitudinal data show that use of antidepressants is not associated with altered glucose metabolism, suggesting that the association between antidepressant use and diabetes reported by previous studies may not be causal. Detection bias or clinical ascertainment bias may account for much of this apparent association.

scholarly journals Comparison of glycated haemoglobin and fasting blood glucose in the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and pre-diabetes in a cohort of obese patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
D M L Chan ◽  
M Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
World Health ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Fasting Plasma

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) has historically been diagnosed by measurement of blood glucose concentrations. More recently, the use of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) has been advocated in the diagnosis of diabetes, complementing its existing role in the monitoring of glycaemic control.A recent study has shown that obesity is an important problem in the UK Armed Forces. Obese patients are at increased risk of diabetes and intermediate hyperglycaemia (pre-diabetes). It is unclear whether the application of diagnostic criteria based on HbA1c would produce different categorisation of obese patients compared with standard glucose-based criteria. In the current study, we compared HbA1c with fasting plasma glucose in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and intermediate hyperglycaemia in a cohort of obese patients.MethodsPatients were recruited from the NHS Tayside Specialist Weight Management Service. They were classified into three categories (normoglycaemia, pre-diabetes, and diabetes) according to their fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and HbA1c. The diagnostic criteria of three organisations were applied: the World Health Organisation (WHO); the American Diabetes Association (ADA); and the International Expert Committee (IEC). Glucose, insulin, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid, liver function tests and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) were measured.ResultsBy WHO (fasting glucose) criteria, 102 subjects were classified as normal, 13 as having impaired fasting glycaemia (IFG) and 5 as having diabetes mellitus (DM). By IEC (HbA1c) criteria, 89 subjects were classified as normal, 21 as pre-diabetes and 7 as DM. By ADA (HbA1c) criteria, 69 subjects were classified as normal, 41 as pre-diabetes and 7 as DM. Alkaline phosphatase was significantly higher in hyperglycaemic states compared with normal subjects, with ANOVA F statistics of 9.45 for WHO (p < 0.001), 9.24 for IEC (p < 0.001), and 6.87 for ADA (p < 0.01).ConclusionAlthough the numbers were small, more obese patients were categorised as hyperglycaemic (pre-diabetes and diabetes) when HbA1c-based criteria were applied, compared with WHO (glucose-based) criteria. Further studies are required to confirm this preliminary observation.

scholarly journals Investigation of Fasting Plasma Glucose in Masters Athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Joe Walsh ◽  
◽  
Ian Timothy Heazlewood ◽  
Mark DeBeliso ◽  
Mike Climstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Masters Athletes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Prior research documented differences in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) between older and younger masters athletes at the Golden Oldies Rugby Festival (GORF). It was the purpose of our study to further investigate FPG on a larger sample. FPG data was collected on 486 participants at the Sydney World Masters Games. Of the males, 241 reported optimal FPG and 36 reported sub-optimal FPG. For females 183 reported optimal FPG and 26 reported sub-optimal FPG. Analysis was conducted utilising the age ranges implemented in past research on the GORF. The mean FPG for masters athletes below 50 years old was 5.10±1.52 mmol/L, whilst for those 50 years and above it was 5.01±1.02. The difference between the groups was not significant (t = 0.722, p = 0.471). This aligned with the finding of the GORF study that there was no significant difference in FPG between the different age ranges analysed. The sample size obtained for this investigation of FPG in masters athletes was more than double the number of participants used in previous research on the GORF. Many participants had FPG above optimal levels. Therefore, an age-related decline in pancreatic function may outweigh protective exercise benefits attained from masters sport participation.

scholarly journals Effect of Sample Volume Variation and Delay in Analysis on Plasma Glucose Concentration in Sri Lankan Healthy Adults

Scientifica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Isuru Anupama Dharmasena ◽  
Deepani Siriwardhana ◽  
Anoja Priyadarshani Attanayake
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Plasma Glucose Concentration ◽  
Volume Variation ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Dependent Change ◽  
The Mean

The correct volume of sample and time of storing prior to the analysis are important considerations in the estimation of plasma glucose concentration of patients. The present study was to determine the effect of sample volume variation and time delay in the analysis of plasma glucose results in healthy adults. A total of 30 individuals aged between 20 and 30 years were selected for the study. Blood samples were collected into three fluoride-oxalate collection tubes separately. The results revealed that the sample volume variation from 2.0 mL fluoride-oxalate tube to 1.0 mL and 3.0 mL did not significantly affect the plasma glucose concentration ( p  > 0.05). However, the plasma glucose concentration in the sample significantly decreased upon delaying the analysis. The mean fasting plasma glucose concentration of analysis after one hour of collection and analysis after three hours of collection was not significantly different ( p  > 0.05). The mean fasting plasma glucose concentrations between one hour and five hours timepoints after collection ( p  < 0.001) and between three hours and five hours after collection ( p  = 0.014) were significantly different. In conclusion, overfilling and underfilling (2.0 ± 1.0 mL) of fluoride-oxalate tubes did not affect the plasma glucose results significantly. If the samples are analyzed within three hours of collection, the time dependent change too is not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Dietary Fibre Intake in Type 2 and New-Onset Prediabetes/Diabetes after Acute Pancreatitis: A Nested Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1112
Author(s):  
Xinye Li ◽  
Wandia Kimita ◽  
Jaelim Cho ◽  
Juyeon Ko ◽  
Sakina H. Bharmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Glycated Haemoglobin ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Habitual Intake

The association between intake of dietary fibre and glucose metabolism has been extensively investigated in numerous metabolic disorders. However, little is known about this association in individuals after an attack of acute pancreatitis (AP). The aim was to investigate the associations between intake of dietary fibre and markers of glucose metabolism in individuals with new-onset prediabetes or diabetes after acute pancreatitis (NODAP), pre-exiting type 2 prediabetes or diabetes, and normoglycaemia after acute pancreatitis. This cross-sectional study was nested within the parent prospective longitudinal cohort study. The studied markers of glucose metabolism were fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin. Habitual intake of dietary fibre was determined using the EPIC-Norfolk food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable linear regression analyses were conducted. The study included a total of 108 individuals after AP. In the NODAP group, increased intakes of total fibre (β = −0.154, p = 0.006), insoluble fibre (β = −0.133, p = 0.01), and soluble fibre (β = −0.13, p = 0.02) were significantly associated with a reduction in fasting plasma glucose. Increased intakes of vegetables (β = −0.069, p = 0.004) and nuts (β = −0.039, p = 0.038) were significantly associated with a reduction in fasting plasma glucose. Increased intake of nuts (β = −0.054, p = 0.001) was also significantly associated with a reduction in glycated haemoglobin. None of the above associations were significant in the other study groups. Habitual intake of dietary fibre was inversely associated with fasting plasma glucose in individuals with NODAP. Individuals after an attack of AP may benefit from increasing their intake of dietary fibre (specifically, vegetables and nuts) with a view to preventing NODAP.

scholarly journals Altered levels of fructosamine and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in thyroid disorder patients without diabetes mellitus-A cross sectional study

Biomedicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
G.Sajjan Sangamma ◽  
S. Sonoli Smita ◽  
Naveen Angadi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Thyroid Disorder ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Fasting Plasma ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hba1c Levels

Introduction and Aim:Co-existence of thyroid disorder and Diabetes Mellitus is no more a coincidence. The cause and impact of thyroid disorder on glucose levels or vice versa is a well -established fact.Hence in this study we wanted to know the glycemic status by estimating fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin of the newly diagnosed thyroid patients without diabetes mellitus. The aim of the study was to estimatefructosamine and glycated hemoglobin levels in newly diagnosed subclinical hypothyroid, clinical hypothyroid and hyper thyroid patients without diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods:Twenty cases of subclinical hypothyroid,30 cases of hypothyroid,30 cases of hyperthyroid  and 30 healthy participantswere included in the study. Fasting plasma glucose and thyroid profile was estimated in suspected cases of thyroid disorder and participants with fasting plasma glucose (FPG) more than 110 mg/dL were excluded from the study.The participants who were eligible for an inclusion criterion were estimated for fructosamine by nitro bluetetrazolium, (NBT) method andion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography was for glycated hemoglobin. Results:In Subclinical hypothyroid group there was a statistically significant increase in the mean fasting plasma glucose, fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin levels when compared with the controls.There was a significant increase in the mean fasting plasma glucose,fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c) levels in clinical hypothyroid group when compared with the controls.Pairwise comparison of FPG (p=0.001), fructosamine (p=0.001) and HbA1c (p=0.001) levels with controls showed a statistically significant difference.In clinical hyperthyroid group the mean FPG and HbA1c levels were high and low fructosamine levels when compared with the controls by one way ANOVA.Pairwise comparison of FPG (p=0.001), fructosamine levels (p=0.001) and HbA1c (p=0.001) levels (p=0.001) with controls showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Unidentified hyperglycemia could have an impact on thyroid disorder leading to its complication.Hence a systematic approach to fructosamine testing(monitor the plasma glucose concentration over 2–3 weeks) as a routine test in thyroid disorder patients, needs to be considered.Also the management of hyperglycemia in thyroid patients without diabetes mellitus may prove  to be beneficial.  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document