scholarly journals Pronouns and Metaphors in Obama’s and Trump’s Inaugural Speeches: A Comparative Analysis through Critical Discourse Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-147
Author(s):  
Ogba ThankGod Igiri ◽  
Jacinta Onyekachi Awa ◽  
Martin Chukwuemeka Ogayi ◽  
Raphel I. Ngwoke
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
President Obama ◽  
Political Messages ◽  
Linguistic Resources ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
American Interest ◽  
Metaphor Theory

A political speech is usually characterized by the use of different linguistic techniques and strategies that allow politicians to convey their political messages and persuade people of their ideologies and thoughts. The American presidential inaugural address is therefore a form of political discourse that imbues the characteristics of both written and oral discourse. This study consequently looked at how Presidents Barrack Obama and Donald Trump of America have used Linguistic resources (Pronouns and metaphors) to construct individual and collective ideologies and persuade America to accept their political ideologies. This exploration was carried out within the frameworks of Lakoff and Johnson Conceptual Metaphor Theory, Charter is – Black’s Critical Metaphor Theory and the content method of data analysis. The corpus was drawn from the respective official websites of Barrack Obama and Donald Trump. It was discovered that their speeches were characterized by skilful choice of rhetorical strategies to make their speeches effective in order to convince the electorates. President Obama used more of inclusive pronouns and metaphors to support and advocate for multilateralism and internationalism while Donald Trump used pronouns and metaphors that distanced him from the corrupt government that led to unemployment in America while supporting and advocating a strong American interest.

scholarly journals “One, Two, Many = One too many?” Conceptualizations of mother tongue

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-157
Author(s):  
Anne Golden ◽  
Toril Opsahl ◽  
Ingebjørg Tonne
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Metaphor Theory

In this article, we analyze the use of the term ‘morsmål’ (‘mother tongue’) in official Norwegian documents and in media texts to identify if and how its conceptualization has changed in the era of increasing globalization. Our point of view is explorative. When examining our data, we highlight the importance of reflecting openly about the instability of powerful concepts. We highlight two partly conflicting conceptualizations that we name the ‘traditional use’ and the ‘novel use’, respectively. Building on critical discourse analysis and conceptual metaphor theory we explore how the conceptualizations reveal certain aspects of ideologies and the potential management of multilingualism in society. A broader understanding of how conceptualizations of mother tongue(s) are played out in the Norwegian context may contribute to the dialogue about multilingualism as it is understood and recognized across diverse contexts.

An integrated study of visual metaphors in Chinese editorial cartoons

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-353
Author(s):  
Peipei Niu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Editorial Cartoons ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Integrated Study

Abstract Conceptual metaphor theory highlights that metaphor is a matter of thinking. This assumption indicates that metaphors exist not only in language, but also in other modes. This study examines uses of visual and visual-verbal metaphors in 50 Chinese editorial cartoons conceptualizing serious haze problem, with the intention of eliciting implicit meaning conveyed by visual signs alone or together with verbal texts. Both conceptual and critical discourse analysis of the metaphors are conducted. The study finds that the way a metaphor is realized visually and verbally in a cartoon determines the features mapped onto the topic, and further implicitly expresses a critical stance toward the topic under discussion. The metaphors in the cartoons evoke a general understanding of haze problem by activating the war scenario and familiar cultural or social context in viewers. It is found in this corpus that visual fusion and visual replacement are the most frequent kinds of visual metaphors. The study further affirms that visual metaphors are better in conveying rich and implicit conceptual and affective meaning, and can be direct manifestation of the conceptual metaphor without the mediation of language. In sum the study suggests the need for an integrated approach to visual metaphoric representation in multimodal analysis.

scholarly journals ԱՄՆ ՔԱՂԱՔԱԿԱՆ ԽՈՍՈՒՅԹՈՒՄ ԿԻՐԱՌՎԱԾ ՓՈԽԱԲԵՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆՆԵՐԻ ՔՆՆԱԿԱՆ ՈՒՍՈՒՄՆԱՍԻՐՈՒԹՅՈՒՆ (ՀԱՅՈՑ ՑԵՂԱՍՊԱՆՈՒԹՅԱՆ ՎԵՐԱԲԵՐՅԱԼ ՈՒՂԵՐՁՆԵՐԻ ՀԻՄԱՆ ՎՐԱ)/CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF METAPHOR APPLIED IN THE US POLITICAL DISCOURSE (ON PRESIDENTIAL STATEMENTS CONCERNING THE ARMENIAN GENOCIDE)/ КРИТИЧЕСКИЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕТАФОР, ИСПОЛЬЗУЕМЫХ В АМЕРИКАНСКОМ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОМ ДИСКУРСЕ (НА ОСНОВЕ ПОСЛАНИЙ В СВЯЗИ С ГЕНОЦИДОМ АРМЯН)

2020 ◽  
pp. 172-183
Author(s):  
Sona Hakobyan
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
American English ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Armenian Genocide ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
The Us ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Critical Approaches

The article is a critical analysis of metaphors applied in the US political discourse in line with the Armenian Genocide. The article keenly touches upon the method of “Critical approaches to metaphor” and Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) in the context of US ideology and its evasive policy on Armenian Genocide recognition. Correspondingly, the study is a corpus analysis with the data of the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Corpus studies of metaphor meticulously outline the intentions of the US presidents on the Armenian Genocide along with the motives of valuing the events of 1915 though the representation of conceptual metaphors.

scholarly journals Metaphors Trump’s Discourse ‘Lives by’: are they Mere Pervasive Linguistic Clichés or Persuasive Tools?

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Abidi Hajer
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Lexical Cues ◽  
Different Sources

The present paper re-addresses metaphor based on Conceptual Metaphor Theory from a Critical Discourse Analysis perspective. The metaphors selected pertain to political discourse, precisely Trump’s statements on different occasions and from different sources (Twitter, YouTube). Analyzing metaphors was achieved by recourse to the identification of the source and target domains. It has been found that metaphors, albeit multi-functional persuasive tools, on so many occasions, are based on quibbles and clichéd linguistic expressions trajectories. Additionally, it has been found that metaphors acquire their effectiveness from contextual and lexical cues, in conjunction with the parameter of recipients’ knowledge. Interestingly, in some other cases, the implications of metaphors transcended the target of the speaker or writer to include some more unexpected dimensions of meaning like acquiring positive implications at the time when negative ones are anticipated, in addition to the fact that they are also a matter of feelings.Keywords: critical discourse analysis, conceptual metaphor.

scholarly journals Foids are worse than animals. A cognitive linguistics analysis of dehumanizing metaphors in online discourse

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-27
Author(s):  
Ewelina Prażmo
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Online Forums ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Violent Content ◽  
Metaphor Theory

AbstractThe aim of the article is to examine the language used by an emerging online community known as incels. Incels are “involuntarily celibate” men who gather online to share their frustration and resentment. They blame their predicament on their alleged ugliness, as well as on the structure of modern Western society in general, and women’s behaviour in particular. Hate speech and violent language flourish on incel online forums to such an extent that most of their websites are taken down, one by one, due to breaches of rules around violent content. In the present article I aim to analyze the language used by incels, focusing on the dehumanizing metaphors used in order to describe women, who are the main target of incels’ hatred. This paper was realized within the theoretical framework of cognitive linguistics and critical discourse analysis with special emphasis on conceptual metaphor theory.

scholarly journals THE CRITIQUES AND IDEOLOGIES SHARED IN THE INAUGURATION SPEECH OF DONALD TRUMP (A STUDY OF CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imron Hizbullah ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq Al Makmun
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
Political Condition

<em>This paper investigates the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) in studying the inauguration speech of Donald Trump at the Capitol Hill, Washington DC on January 20, 2017. The objective of the study is to uncover the hidden messages regarding ideologies shared and critiques appointed to Obama’s presidency. The paper uses the theory of CDA by Norman Fairclough by focusing on the three aspects of research which are (1) micro or linguistic analysis, (2) Mezzo or discursive analysis, and (3) macro or contextual analysis. The three dimensional model of CDA is aimed to uncover the ideologies shared and critiques appointed to based on linguistic features, socio-political aspect, and discursive practice. The American Dream is represented in seven issues risen which are (1) US economic condition during Obama’s presidency, (2) US political condition during Obama’s presidency, (3) US social condition during Obama’s presidency, (4) The concept of making America great again, (5) Anti-radical Muslim immigrants, (6) America First, and (7) Nationalism. The result of the study reveals that the speech brought some ideologies or thoughts shared to the audiences and might change the people’s perception on Obama’s two periods of presidency who is considered as failure.</em>

scholarly journals THE ANALYSIS OF IDEOLOGIES IN DONALD TRUMP’S POLITICAL SPEECHES ON NATIONAL SECURITY : A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rize Rahmi Rahmi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
National Security ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Discursive Practice ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Ideological Discourse ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Ideological Structure

Although there were many studies of Political Discourse had been done in CDA approach, but still few studies concern withrelation of ideology and language in the discourse. This study aims to, 1) find the ideological discourse structureswhich are used to enhance ideology in political speeches delivered by Donald Trump and 2) reveal the ideologies found in the speeches of Donald Trump about National Security. The analysis in this study is based on Fairclough’s(1992 )framework of Critical Discourse Analysis which consists of three levels of analysis; textual, discursive practice and socio-cultural practice. Then, for textual analysis, the writer used one analytical tool that is the theory of Ideological Discourse Structure of the discourse by Van Dijk (2000). The results showed that Donald Trump used language tactfully to achieve his goal on politics. The conclusion obtained is that Donald Trump enhances fascist ideology in his speeches which can be seen through the ideological structure of discourse which is found in his political speech on National Security.

scholarly journals The Political Discourse Behind Canada’s Unusually Harsh Detention Practices: The MV Sun Sea Case

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaina Singh
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Asylum Seekers ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
Analysis Strategy ◽  
The Government

On August 13th 2010, the MV Sun Sea ship carrying 492 Tamil asylum seekers arrived off of the coast of British Columbia. Immediately upon arrival the Tamil asylum seekers were detained for a prolonged period of time, subjected to intensified interrogation techniques, and unfairly questioned even when in possession of identifying documents. This paper examines how the government used political discourse to try and justify the unusually harsh detention of asylum seekers. Through a critical discourse analysis strategy, eight newspaper articles will be analyzed and the theories of securitization, discourse, and orientalism will be used to advance certain political ideologies. The political justifications of detention operate through the theme of the egocentric state, and the theme of categorizing and demonizing asylum seekers. The final theme discussed is the concept of victimization, which will offer an alternate perspective to this paper’s main focus on political discourse.

Interviewing for accountability

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-413
Author(s):  
Damian J. Rivers ◽  
Andrew S. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
National Conference ◽  
Discursive Strategy ◽  
Interview Performance ◽  
Discourse Historical Approach

Abstract During the National Policy Institute’s national conference in Washington D.C. on Saturday November 19th, 2016, Richard Spencer delivered a speech in praise of the election victory of President Donald Trump. Shortly after the conference, Spencer was an invited guest on the News One Now programme in which he participated in a 32-minute interview with black journalist, host and managing editor Roland Martin. Drawing attention to the ideological aspects of the Martin/Spencer interview performance, we adopt the analytical lens of the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) to Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) (Musolff 2014; Reisigl and Wodak 2009; Wodak 2001, 2009) to explore argumentation as a discursive strategy through topoi or argumentative warrants (Reisigl and Wodak 2009; Wodak 2009, 2011, 2015; Wodak and Boukala 2015).

scholarly journals Rethinking Critical Metaphor Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Corpus Linguistics ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Metaphor Analysis ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Critical Metaphor Analysis ◽  
Research Findings

<p>Critical Metaphor Analysis is concerned with integrating critical discourse analysis, corpus linguistics, pragmatics and cognitive linguistics to explore implicit speaker intentions and covert power relations through the analysis of metaphoric expressions. CMA has been a meaningful enrichment of both Critical Discourse Analysis and Conceptual Metaphor Theory. This paper aims to give an overview of the formation of CMA, the research findings, the existing problems and the possible solutions.</p>

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