Natural (Unhydrolyzed) Milk Versus Lactose-Hydrolyzed Milk for Cultured Dairy Products: Physiological and Practical Implications for the Starter Industry

1978 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 654-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
EBENEZER R. VEDAMUTHU
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Products ◽  
Important Change ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Major Energy Source ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Natural Milk ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

As a microbiological medium, lactose-hydrolyzed milk is quite different from natural milk in that the restrictive role of milk lactose (the major energy source for microorganisms) is eliminated. To emphasize the restrictive role of lactose, the enzymatic and genetic mechanisms involved in the utilization of this beta-galactoside are discussed. Elimination of this selectivity leads to certain manufacturing and storage difficulties with cultured dairy products. This important change in the raw material (milk) should be recognized in selection of starter strains for use in conversion of lactose-hydrolyzed milk to cultured dairy products.

Creativity and innovation through LMX and personal initiative

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashkan Khalili
Keyword(s):  
Leadership Style ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Creativity And Innovation ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine empirically the influence of leader-member exchange (LMX) on employees’ creativity and innovation. In addition, this study investigated the moderating role of employees’ personal initiative on the associations. Design/methodology/approach Data were gathered from 1,221 employees working in organizations across various industries in Australia. Findings The findings of this study revealed positive and significant relationships between LMX and employees’ creativity and innovation. Also, the findings indicated employees’ personal initiative moderated the LMX-employees’ creativity and LMX-employees’ innovation relationships. Practical implications Organizations should invest in LMX training and in the selection of leaders with this leadership style if their aim is to nurture and intensify employees’ creativity and innovation. They also should invest in personal initiative training in order to amplify the effect of LMX on creativity and innovation in organization. Originality/value This study makes vital theoretical contributions in different ways. In the domain of creativity and innovation, it addresses factors that impact employees’ creativity and innovation. It expands knowledge about organizational resources that nurture and enhance the creativity and innovation of employees. For LMX, this study supplements existing research by examining employees’ creativity and innovation as outcomes. Also, identifying personal initiative as an amplifier of the LMX-employees’ creativity and innovation relationships extends research in that domain. This study is also a rare investigation of the Australian context.

scholarly journals Citation apps for mobile devices

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary K. Van Ullen ◽  
Jane Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Technology In Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Print Books ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the accuracy and functionality of a selection of basic Android and iOS apps for mobile devices designed to generate bibliographic citations. Design/methodology/approach – A number of inexpensive or free apps were installed on several different tablets and phones. Book citations in MLA and APA format were generated and evaluated for accuracy. Findings – Results show that the majority of the apps tested produced unacceptably inaccurate citations, and many had limited functionality. The best of the apps tested was EasyBib. Research limitations/implications – There are infinite combinations of operating systems, apps, citation styles, material types and devices. Testing for this study was limited to uncomplicated apps likely to appeal to undergraduate students. It did not include more sophisticated apps for managing reference libraries. The study investigated how well several Android and iOS apps installed on mobile devices functioned to generate MLA and APA citations for print books. Practical/implications – As the role of mobile technology in education continues to grow, librarians need to remain aware of solutions that can help students manage their research. Librarians have an opportunity to provide feedback to developers by reviewing and rating apps. Originality/value – Undergraduate students face challenges in learning to appropriately acknowledge materials they have consulted in their research and writing. Librarians can play an important role in helping students select the most appropriate tools to make citing sources easier and more accurate.

Critical sensemaking: challenges and promises

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eeva Aromaa ◽  
Päivi Eriksson ◽  
Jean Helms Mills ◽  
Esa Hiltunen ◽  
Maarit Lammassaari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Management ◽  
Organizational Studies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organizational Issues ◽  
Organization Leadership ◽  
Major Review ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze current literature on critical sensemaking (CSM) to assess its significance and potential for understanding the role of agency in management and organizational studies. Design/methodology/approach The analysis involves an examination of a selection of 51 applied studies that cite, draw on and contribute to CSM, to assess the challenges and potential of utilizing CSM. Findings The paper reveals the range of organizational issues that this work has been grappling with; the unique insights that CSM has revealed in the study of management and organizations; and some of the challenges and promises of CSM for studying agency in context. This sets up discussion of organizational issues and insights provided by CSM to reveal its potential in dealing with issues of agency in organizations. The sheer scope of CSM studies indicates that it has relevance for a range of management researchers, including those interested in behavior at work, theories of organization, leadership and crisis management, diversity management, emotion, ethics and justice, and many more. Research limitations/implications The main focus is restricted to providing a working knowledge of CSM rather than other approaches to agency. Practical implications The paper outlines the challenges and potential for applying the CSM theory. Social implications The paper reveals the range of problem-solving issues that CSM studies have been applied to. Originality/value This is the first major review of the challenges and potential of applying CSM; concluding with a discussion of its strengths and limitations and providing a summary of insights for future work.

scholarly journals Use ofMetarhizium anisopliaeChitinase Genes for Genotyping and Virulence Characterization

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saliou Niassy ◽  
Sevgan Subramanian ◽  
Sunday Ekesi ◽  
Joel L. Bargul ◽  
Jandouwe Villinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Fungal Virulence ◽  
Fungal Isolates ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms ◽  
Chitinase Production ◽  
Chitinase Genes ◽  
Selection Of

Virulence is the primary factor used for selection of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) for development as biopesticides. To understand the genetic mechanisms underlying differences in virulence of fungal isolates on various arthropod pests, we compared the chitinase genes,chi2andchi4, of 8 isolates ofMetarhizium anisopliae. The clustering of the isolates showed various groups depending on their virulence. However, the analysis of their chitinase DNA sequenceschi2andchi4did not reveal major divergences. Although their protein translates have been implicated in fungal virulence, the predicted protein structure ofchi2was identical for all isolates. Despite the critical role of chitin digestion in fungal infection, we conclude thatchi2andchi4genes cannot serve as molecular markers to characterize observed variations in virulence amongM. anisopliaeisolates as previously suggested. Nevertheless, processes controlling the efficient upregulation of chitinase expression might be responsible for different virulence characteristics. Further studies using comparative “in vitro” chitin digestion techniques would be more appropriate to compare the quality and the quantity of chitinase production between fungal isolates.

Tourism in Creative Economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Ewa Dziedzic ◽  
Jacek Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Local Development ◽  
Creative Economy ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Market Competitiveness ◽  
Conceptual Study ◽  
Tourism Economy ◽  
Desk Research ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose. Identifying the role of creativity and the creative economy potential as factors in tourism enterprise competitiveness. It covers the following issues: the essence of creativity, the concept of creative economy and its properties, rthe elationship between creative economy and tourism, the foundations of creativity in tourism and conclusions showing the relation between creativity and competitiveness. Method. The research method was limited to desk research and comprised a review of literature covering theoretical publications, reports and case studies in the area of competitiveness, tourism and creative economy. Findings. The study introduces the original concepts of the authors which cover the issue of creativity in tourism economy and its impact on market competitiveness of enterprises and destinations as well as economic development. Research and conclusion limitations. The ideas and approaches presented in the study reflect the authors’ opinions. Therefore, the selection of used references, their interpretation and conclusions are to some extent subjective and may be questioned. Practical implications. The concepts and conclusions presented in this study may be a source of inspiration for those responsible for strategic management in enterprises and for local development. Type of paper. This is a review and conceptual study.

Examining Elite Parasport Athletes With Sport Involvement and Sports Equipment

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion E. Hambrick ◽  
Mary A. Hums ◽  
Glenna G. Bower ◽  
Eli A. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Belief Systems ◽  
Competitive Edge ◽  
Consumption Decisions ◽  
Collaborative Environment ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Elite athletes require the most advanced sports equipment to maintain their competitive edge, but manufacturers cannot always satisfy these athletes’ specific equipment needs. Sport involvement can influence sports-equipment selections and is described as the process by which individuals rely on attitudes and belief systems to make sports-related consumption decisions. This study involved semistructured interviews with 5 elite Parasport athletes to identify and analyze the role of sport involvement in their selection of sports equipment. The results revealed that the athletes identified product limitations, created a collaborative environment, and promoted a culture of innovation to develop new sports products and address existing limitations. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.

Insufficient Effort Responding as a Partial Function of Implicit Aggression

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin A. DeSimone ◽  
H. Kristl Davison ◽  
Jeremy L. Schoen ◽  
Mark N. Bing
Keyword(s):  
Conditional Reasoning ◽  
Partial Function ◽  
Nomological Network ◽  
Random Responding ◽  
Item Content ◽  
Methodological Concern ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Behavioral Criteria

In recent years, researchers have devoted greater attention to insufficient effort responding (IER), in which participants fail to attend to instructions, do not read item content carefully, or intentionally engage in random responding. While IER is typically considered a purely methodological concern, recent research has begun to examine whether it also has a substantive basis (e.g., personality). Here we extend the nomological network surrounding IER by examining the role of implicit aggression. In three studies, we demonstrate that higher levels of implicit aggression are indeed related to IER even after controlling for previously established correlates of IER. Furthermore, we also demonstrate that IER, as measured by the selection of illogical responses to Conditional Reasoning Tests of Aggression, can predict theoretically relevant behavioral criteria. The theoretical and practical implications of this work are discussed.

Health tourism

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 1881-1904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Yeon Yang ◽  
Soyon Paek ◽  
Taegoo (Terry) Kim ◽  
Tae Hee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of tourists’ needs for healing experience (NHE) on behavioral intentions for transformation (BIT) with healing involvement (HI) as a mediator. Using the two sub-constructs of BIT in the tourism industry (i.e. selection of healing tour products and transformational intention of healing tour behavior), this study evaluates BIT. Design/methodology/approach – The survey was administered to visitors in healing resorts/centers in Korea; 383 completed surveys were used to investigate the hypothesized relationships of this study using regression analysis. Findings – The study results confirmed the hypothesized relationships: the positive effects of NHE on BIT and the significant mediating role of HI in the relationships between NHE and BIT. Practical implications – The relationships among NHE, HI and BIT can improve the understanding and practices of healing experience and the development of healing products in the tourism industry. This study offers a meaningful and extended perspective on customers’ experience and product development by interpreting customers’ desires and needs. Originality/value – This study explores the under-researched subject of NHE and HI from a transformative economic perspective. The study is among the first to examine the structural relationships among NHE, HI and BIT. The uniqueness of the study is highlighted by the use of two sub-dimensions of the BIT industry (i.e. selection of healing tour products and transformational intention of healing tour behavior) in a tourism context.

Improving ester hydrolytic stability using triblock polyalkylene glycols

2018 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 418-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Robert Greaves ◽  
Evelyn Zaugg Hoozemans
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Triblock Copolymers ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Polyalkylene Glycol ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Natural And Synthetic

Purpose This paper aims to examine the role of different polyalkylene glycol architectures in improving the hydrolytic stability of natural and synthetic esters. Design/methodology/approach Hydrolytic stability measurements were conducted using a modified ASTM D2619 test method in which several polyalkylene glycol chemistries were examined at concentrations of up to 10 per cent in a selection of esters. Findings The inclusion of triblock copolymers derived from ethylene oxide (EO) and 1,2-propylene oxide (PO) and with an EO content of about 30 per cent produced significant improvements in the hydrolytic stability of natural and synthetic esters. Stability improved with increased concentration of the triblock. Research limitations/implications The study did not evaluate the vast array of polyalkylene glycol structures that can be derived from other higher alkylene oxides. Practical implications Improving the hydrolytic stability of esters can offer the possibility of creating longer life environmentally acceptable lubricants (EALs). Social implications This discovery should allow longer life EALs to be designed thereby using less raw materials over a determined period. It may also allow more replacement of conventional hydrocarbon lubricants. Originality/value Triblock copolymers are rarely used in lubricants. Their use as components of ester-based EALs is new.

MOTIVATION AND OBSTACLES FACED BY WOMEN HALAL FASHION ENTREPRENEURS AND ROLE OF THE BUSINESS ON WOMEN'S ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENTIN YOGYAKARTA INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andri Martiana ◽  
Maesyaroh . ◽  
Sobar .
Keyword(s):  
Women Entrepreneurs ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
High Price ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Special Programs ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to analyze motivation and obstacles of women entrepreneurs in running their business and how the role of the business on women economic empowerment. Design/Methodology/Approach – The data were collected through an in-depth interviews on three key informants and survey via structured questionnaires conducted on 42 of  entrepreneurs and female employees in the field of halal fashion in Yogyakarta city and its surrounding districts to gather information on their motivation and constraints in running the business and also the role of the business to the respondent’s economic empowerment. Using the mixed methods, the research is conducted in Yogyakarta province which is an example of cultural diversity as an educational and cultural center in Indonesia. Findings –  The result of this study show that motivation in running a business comes from themselves affected by the existing environment. The obstacles encountered are the high price of raw material causing highly production costs and highly selling price. Meanwhile,  capital problem associated with the lack of confidence especially in the Islamic financial institutions also occurred.  The results of chi-square test show that the business play a role in empowering the economics of the respondents through employment opportunities, income, and increased authority on making decisions. The special programs / training supported by technologyin business practice should be held to improve the quality of existing business. Practical implications – The practical implications extend to policy holders and practitioners in Islamic finance and banking to improve the better cooperation between halal capital providers and entrepreneurs in order to develop halal fashion business in Indonesia Originality/value –  This study is one of the first to investigate the motivation and obstacles of women entrepreneurs in running their business and how the role of the businesson their  economic empowerment in Yogyakarta Indonesia.

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