Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Vibrio spp. Isolated from Preharvest Shrimp of the North Western Province of Sri Lanka

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1846-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADURA SANJEEVANI GONSAL KORALAGE ◽  
THOMAS ALTER ◽  
DUANGPORN PICHPOL ◽  
ECKHARD STRAUCH ◽  
KARL-HANS ZESSIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
North Western ◽  
Vibrio Spp

This study investigated the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Vibrio spp. in farmed shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Sri Lanka. A total of 170 shrimp samples (100 g of whole shrimp each) taken from individual ponds from 54 farms were collected 1 week prior to harvest from the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. Overall, 98.1% of the farms and 95.1% of the ponds were positive for Vibrio spp. in shrimp; at the pond level, V. parahaemolyticus (91.2%) was most common, followed by V. alginolyticus (18.8%), V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (4.1%), and V. vulnificus (2.4%). Multiple Vibrio spp. were detected in 20.6% of the ponds. None of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 419) were positive for the virulence-associated tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) and trh (TDH-related hemolysin) genes. V. cholerae was confirmed by the presence of ompW, and all isolates (n = 8) were negative for the cholera toxin (ctxA) gene. V. cholerae isolates were serogrouped by PCR and identified as V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139. All four V. vulnificus strains, isolated from different ponds of two geographical regions, showed pathogenic potential; they belonged to vcgC sequence type, type B 16S rRNA genotype and contained a pilF polymorphism associated with human pathogenicity. The results of this study revealed the ubiquitous nature of vibrios in farmed shrimp. To minimize the potential risk of Vibrio infections due to handling or consumption of raw or undercooked seafood products, good manufacturing practices as well as proper handling and processing should be addressed.

scholarly journals Isolation, molecular characterization and phylogeny of Naegleria species in water bodies of North-Western Province, Sri Lanka

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248510
Author(s):  
Nuwan Gunarathna ◽  
Anjalie Amarasinghe ◽  
Sunil Wijesundara ◽  
Devika Iddawela ◽  
Susiji Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

Background The inland freshwater bodies in the North-Western Province of Sri Lanka have ideal environmental conditions for the Naegleria species. Therefore, the presence and prevalence of Naegleria species in the water bodies of North-Western Province were determined by molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis in this study. Methods A total of 104 water bodies were selected from Kurunegala and Puttalam districts in the North-Western Province of Sri Lanka. Mean turbidity, pH, and temperature were recorded in each water body from three selected site. Centrifuged samples were cultured on non-nutrient agar plates with Escherichia coli. Enflagellation test positive isolates were subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction using genus and species-specific primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and Mp2CL5 gene. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bayesian and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Results The prevalence of Naegleria species and N. fowleri in the study area were 23.07% and 1.92%. The prevalence of Naegleria species and the physicochemical parameters of the water bodies showed no significant correlation. Bayesian analysis of the ITS region revealed the Naegleria Sri Lankan (SL) isolates 1, 3, and 4 in a single clade separated from the 2 and 5. Furthermore, Bayesian analysis identified isolates 2 and 5 in the same clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. Philippinensis forming a sister clade. However, in the ML tree, all isolates were in the same clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. Philippinensis. Conclusions The present study reports the first isolation of pathogenic N. fowleri from Sri Lanka. Based on Bayesian analysis, SL isolates 2 and 5 form a separate clade from 1, 3, and 4. However, in ML analysis, all isolates are grouped in one clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. philippinensis. Further investigations are required to confirm these findings.

Use of regression techniques for rice yield estimation in the North-Western province of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
E. M. P. Ekanayake ◽  
L. C. D. Wickramasinghe ◽  
R. T. Weliwatta
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Yield Estimation ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
North Western

Provincializing the International: Communist Print Worlds in Colonial India

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Ali Raza
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
British India ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Colonial Archive ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The One ◽  
North Western ◽  
Global Project

Abstract This paper charts communist print worlds in colonial India during the interwar period. Beginning in the early 1920s, self-declared ‘Communist’ and ‘Bolshevik’ publications began surfacing across India. Through the example of the Kirti Kisan Sabha (Workers and Peasants Party: a communist group in the north-western province of Punjab), and its associated publications, this paper will provide a glimpse into the rich, diverse and imaginative print worlds of Indian communism. From 1926 onwards, Kirti publications became a part of a thriving print culture in which a dizzying variety of revolutionary, socialist and communist publications competed and conversed with the equally prolific and rich print worlds of their political and ideological rivals. Removed on the one hand from the ivory towers of party intellectuals, dense treatises and officious theses, and on the other hand from the framing of sedition, rebellion and fanaticism in the colonial archive, Kirti publications show how the global project of communist internationalism became distinctly provincialized and vernacularized in British India.

scholarly journals Transformation of Geosystems of the Northern Part of the Baikal Natural Territory (Research and Mapping)

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 44-56
Author(s):  
T. I. Konovalova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Baikal Rift Zone ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Essential Properties ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
North Western ◽  
Natural Territory

The features of transformation of geosystems of the north-western part of the Baikal natural territory are considered. The transformation of geosystems is considered in the context of changes in their essential properties as a result of the manifestation of transformative dynamics and evolution. It is established that the modification of the geosystems of the region was largely caused by the horizontal compression of the earth's crust, which is characteristic only for this section of the Baikal rift zone. This led to the formation of the Pre-Baikal Depression between the Siberian Platform and the Baikal Ridge. The combination of geodynamic regimes of the weakly active platform and the area of continental rifting caused an ambiguous response of geosystems to climate change. The development of contrasting types of geosystems is revealed-from high-grass fir trees to swampy woodlands of larch with cedar elfin. In the physical and geographical conditions of the area, the strict subordination of geosystems to the higher structure is violated. As a result, unique geosystems are concentrated here. They combine in their composition the components peculiar to the physical and geographical regions of Siberia and the Far East. Plant communities of various formations are represented here. Geosystems at the regional level of the organization are subject to transformations. The basic techniques of mapping the transformation of geosystems are considered. Mapping involves solving three main tasks, which are traditionally defined as the identification, systematization and interpretation of geosystems. They consist in the definition of diagnostic features of geosystems; the synthesis of time and space in a single whole, taking into account regionaltypological specifics, structural-dynamic and evolutionary transformations.

New insights into the identities of the elasmobranch fauna of Sri Lanka

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4585 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
DANIEL FERNANDO ◽  
ROSALIND M. K. BOWN ◽  
AKSHAY TANNA ◽  
RAMAJEYAM GOBIRAJ ◽  
HANNAH RALICKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
The North ◽  
Landing Sites ◽  
Elasmobranch Species ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

Identities of elasmobranchs from Sri Lanka encountered during collections conducted in an intensive nine-day survey of fish markets and landing sites at 11 localities in the North Western, Northern, and Eastern Provinces in March of 2018 were assessed. In total, 111 specimens representing 34 elasmobranch species were examined. Sequence data for the NADH2 gene were generated for all specimens. Independent Neighbor-Joining analyses, which included data for related taxa, were conducted for 25 subgroups of elasmobranchs to help confirm specific identifications. Five of the 34 species encountered are likely new to science. These consist of one species each of the batoid genera Brevitrygon, Narcine, and Torpedo, and the selachian genera Centrophorus, and Chiloscyllium. The specific identities of 12 species previously known to occur in Sri Lanka are updated to conform to current taxonomy; four of these (Gymnura cf. poecilura 2, Carcharhinus cf. limbatus, Echinorhinus sp. 1, and Iago cf. omanensis 1) represent what appear to be undescribed species reported previously from other localities. Three species (Maculabatis arabica, Acroteriobatus variegatus, and Centroscymnus owstonii) are reported from Sri Lanka for the first time; the latter species also represents the first documented record of this genus and family for the island nation. One of the two specimens on which the recent description of the new species of Planonasus indicus was based was also collected as part of this survey. Although some of the species confirmed to occur in Sri Lanka have also been found in India, others were previously known only from the Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, or localities in Southeast Asia. The high amount of novelty discovered as a result of a survey of such short duration emphasizes the importance of more intensive survey efforts in this region now that the civil unrest that precluded such work for nearly three decades has come to an end. 

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