Provincializing the International: Communist Print Worlds in Colonial India

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Ali Raza
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
British India ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Colonial Archive ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The One ◽  
North Western ◽  
Global Project

Abstract This paper charts communist print worlds in colonial India during the interwar period. Beginning in the early 1920s, self-declared ‘Communist’ and ‘Bolshevik’ publications began surfacing across India. Through the example of the Kirti Kisan Sabha (Workers and Peasants Party: a communist group in the north-western province of Punjab), and its associated publications, this paper will provide a glimpse into the rich, diverse and imaginative print worlds of Indian communism. From 1926 onwards, Kirti publications became a part of a thriving print culture in which a dizzying variety of revolutionary, socialist and communist publications competed and conversed with the equally prolific and rich print worlds of their political and ideological rivals. Removed on the one hand from the ivory towers of party intellectuals, dense treatises and officious theses, and on the other hand from the framing of sedition, rebellion and fanaticism in the colonial archive, Kirti publications show how the global project of communist internationalism became distinctly provincialized and vernacularized in British India.

scholarly journals X. Pisaca = ’Ωμοφάγος.

1905 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-288
Author(s):  
G. A. Grierson
Keyword(s):  
British India ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Frontier ◽  
North Western

As a contribution towards solving the question of the origin of the inhabitants of the North - Western Frontier of British India, i.e., of Gilgit, Chitral, and Kāfiristān, I would draw attention to the fact that several legends as to the early customs of these tribes point to cannibalism having once prevailed there. The interpretation of the word Piśāca as meaning ‘an eater of raw flesh,’ ’Ωμοφ⋯γος, is well known. Some of the legends have been printed, and of these I do not propose to give more than a brief sketch, with references to the authorities. Others, hitherto unpublished, I shall give at greater length.

Utilitarianism and the Criminal Law in Colonial India: A Study of the Practical Limits of Utilitarian Jurisprudence

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Kalyan Raman
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
British India ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Common Observation ◽  
The One

The role of legal tradition in the reformist rhetoric of Benthamite Utilitarianism presents us with a contradiction. On the one hand, there is the common observation that Utilitarian jurisprudence was necessarily ahistorical and rejected the past as a source of concepts for reworking the criminal justice system existing in Britain during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. For philosophic reformers such as Bentham, contemporary British criminal justice was to be replaced by a scientific jurisprudence, abstract, universal, and secular in outlook, and antipathetic to the more conservative insistence that the foundations of the penal law continue to be tradition-based. ‘If society was to see any improvement, its law must be reformed; if its law was to be reformed it must be burned to the ground and rebuilt according to a new and rational pattern.’ On the other hand, we find that the very same Utilitarian thinkers, in works describing the state of the law in British India, were concerned with local rather than universal conceptions of criminality. In his 1782 Essay on the Influence of Time and Place in Matters of Legislation, Bentham, for instance, urged the philosophic reformer to temper change in India by fitting Utilitarian judgments about the law to the frames of local society.

Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Vibrio spp. Isolated from Preharvest Shrimp of the North Western Province of Sri Lanka

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1846-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADURA SANJEEVANI GONSAL KORALAGE ◽  
THOMAS ALTER ◽  
DUANGPORN PICHPOL ◽  
ECKHARD STRAUCH ◽  
KARL-HANS ZESSIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
North Western ◽  
Vibrio Spp

This study investigated the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Vibrio spp. in farmed shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Sri Lanka. A total of 170 shrimp samples (100 g of whole shrimp each) taken from individual ponds from 54 farms were collected 1 week prior to harvest from the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. Overall, 98.1% of the farms and 95.1% of the ponds were positive for Vibrio spp. in shrimp; at the pond level, V. parahaemolyticus (91.2%) was most common, followed by V. alginolyticus (18.8%), V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (4.1%), and V. vulnificus (2.4%). Multiple Vibrio spp. were detected in 20.6% of the ponds. None of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 419) were positive for the virulence-associated tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) and trh (TDH-related hemolysin) genes. V. cholerae was confirmed by the presence of ompW, and all isolates (n = 8) were negative for the cholera toxin (ctxA) gene. V. cholerae isolates were serogrouped by PCR and identified as V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139. All four V. vulnificus strains, isolated from different ponds of two geographical regions, showed pathogenic potential; they belonged to vcgC sequence type, type B 16S rRNA genotype and contained a pilF polymorphism associated with human pathogenicity. The results of this study revealed the ubiquitous nature of vibrios in farmed shrimp. To minimize the potential risk of Vibrio infections due to handling or consumption of raw or undercooked seafood products, good manufacturing practices as well as proper handling and processing should be addressed.

Part VI. Three Geometric Tombs

1955 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 239-247
Author(s):  
V. R. d'A. Desborough
Keyword(s):  
General Situation ◽  
The West ◽  
West Wall ◽  
The North ◽  
The One ◽  
North Western

During the excavations at Mycenae in 1953, a Protogeometric cist burial was discovered in the House of Shields, sunk into the floor of its west room. This burial, numbered Tomb PG 601, was published, with other burials, in BSA XLIX 258 ff. In the summer of 1954 Professor Wace uncovered three further burials in the House of Shields. These, at his most kind invitation, I publish here.General situation (Fig. 1). Whereas tomb PG 601 was found at the southern end of the west room of the House of Shields, these three, here numbered 602, 603, and 604, appeared in the north-western corner of this same room. Only a few feet separate the one from the others, as will be clear from the plan, and 602 and 603 seem to have been placed under the shelter of the west wall. The area had been to a certain extent disturbed, but whether there may have been further burials between 601 and this group of three I cannot tell. None was found in the excavation.

scholarly journals Isolation, molecular characterization and phylogeny of Naegleria species in water bodies of North-Western Province, Sri Lanka

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248510
Author(s):  
Nuwan Gunarathna ◽  
Anjalie Amarasinghe ◽  
Sunil Wijesundara ◽  
Devika Iddawela ◽  
Susiji Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

Background The inland freshwater bodies in the North-Western Province of Sri Lanka have ideal environmental conditions for the Naegleria species. Therefore, the presence and prevalence of Naegleria species in the water bodies of North-Western Province were determined by molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis in this study. Methods A total of 104 water bodies were selected from Kurunegala and Puttalam districts in the North-Western Province of Sri Lanka. Mean turbidity, pH, and temperature were recorded in each water body from three selected site. Centrifuged samples were cultured on non-nutrient agar plates with Escherichia coli. Enflagellation test positive isolates were subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction using genus and species-specific primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and Mp2CL5 gene. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bayesian and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Results The prevalence of Naegleria species and N. fowleri in the study area were 23.07% and 1.92%. The prevalence of Naegleria species and the physicochemical parameters of the water bodies showed no significant correlation. Bayesian analysis of the ITS region revealed the Naegleria Sri Lankan (SL) isolates 1, 3, and 4 in a single clade separated from the 2 and 5. Furthermore, Bayesian analysis identified isolates 2 and 5 in the same clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. Philippinensis forming a sister clade. However, in the ML tree, all isolates were in the same clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. Philippinensis. Conclusions The present study reports the first isolation of pathogenic N. fowleri from Sri Lanka. Based on Bayesian analysis, SL isolates 2 and 5 form a separate clade from 1, 3, and 4. However, in ML analysis, all isolates are grouped in one clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. philippinensis. Further investigations are required to confirm these findings.

III.—Some new Rock-building Organisms from the Lower Carboniferous Beds of Westmorland

1914 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. Garwood
Keyword(s):  
Presidential Address ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lower Carboniferous ◽  
North West ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Calcareous Alga ◽  
The Village ◽  
Important Form ◽  
North Western

In my account of the Lower Carboniferous rocks of the North-West of England, published in 1912, I figured an organism, probably the thallus of a calcareous alga, which plays an important part as a rock-builder at the base of the Seminula gregaria sub-zone in Westmorland and Lancashire. More recently, at the meeting of the British Association in Birmingham, I pointed out the need of some distinctive name for this important form, and suggested for it the generic name of ‘Ortonella’, from the village of Orton, near Tebay, in the neighbourhood of which this fossil is specially abundant. Two other structures were mentioned at the same time which occur constantly in microscopic sections of the Lower Carboniferous rocks of the North-West of England and elsewhere. The first of these was alluded to under the general descriptive term ‘festoon structure’, and the other was referred to Gurich's somewhat obscure genus Spongiottroma. In view of the zonal value of these organisms in the North-Western Province and the probability that they will be found to be widely distributed in the Lower Carboniferous rocks elsewhere, I propose here to give a somewhat fuller description of these forms than could be attempted in the limits of a presidential address.

scholarly journals DROUGHT AND FAMINE IN NORTHWEST CHINA: A LATE VICTORIAN TRAGEDY?

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Janku
Keyword(s):  
North China ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Qing Empire ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chinese Historiography ◽  
North Western

AbstractThe North China Famine of 1876–1879 has received some attention recently, but little of this work has focused on the north-western province of Shaanxi. This imbalance is reflected in the local histories that devote far more space to the documentation and commemoration of the Hui rebellion than to the famine. This paper argues that the drought of those years and the ensuing famine is historically much more significant than this biased documentation would suggest, and that the rebellion can only be fully understood by paying attention to the environmental and social conditions in which it unfolded. Further, the paper engages with Mike Davis’s argument that portrays the famine in China as part of a ‘late-Victorian holocaust.’ While persuasive, his focus on outside forces is problematic as it ignores the history of the Qing Empire as an expanding force in itself and inadvertently reinforces the victimization narrative that dominates modern Chinese historiography.

Technical Innovation in Processing of Flax Yarn Production in the Northwest of the Iberian Peninsula: The Spinning Bowl

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-109
Author(s):  
María Irene Ruiz de Haro
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Bronze Age ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
The North ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Yarn Production ◽  
The One ◽  
North Western

In space, the Castreña culture was located in the north-western part of the Iberian Peninsula, whereas in time it stretched from the Late Bronze Age to the beginning of the Roman period. This study focuses specifically on the invention and use of the spinning bowl in the Castreña culture. Theoretical and conceptual tools will enable tackling this item with a rigid research methodology and help answer the question of why the invention of the spinning bowl and the innovations in processing of flax yarn production occurred, and how they were transmitted to other areas in the forms of innovation or technical loan. To explain its presence within the limits of this geography and chronology, the use of Linum usitatissimum L. is discussed. This specific raw material is closely related to the entire innovation process on the one hand, and on the other opens an avenue for research into its function within the technical chain of the creation of linen thread or yarn.

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