scholarly journals Isolation, molecular characterization and phylogeny of Naegleria species in water bodies of North-Western Province, Sri Lanka

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248510
Author(s):  
Nuwan Gunarathna ◽  
Anjalie Amarasinghe ◽  
Sunil Wijesundara ◽  
Devika Iddawela ◽  
Susiji Wickramasinghe
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

Background The inland freshwater bodies in the North-Western Province of Sri Lanka have ideal environmental conditions for the Naegleria species. Therefore, the presence and prevalence of Naegleria species in the water bodies of North-Western Province were determined by molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis in this study. Methods A total of 104 water bodies were selected from Kurunegala and Puttalam districts in the North-Western Province of Sri Lanka. Mean turbidity, pH, and temperature were recorded in each water body from three selected site. Centrifuged samples were cultured on non-nutrient agar plates with Escherichia coli. Enflagellation test positive isolates were subjected to DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction using genus and species-specific primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and Mp2CL5 gene. Phylogenetic analysis was performed using Bayesian and maximum likelihood (ML) methods. Results The prevalence of Naegleria species and N. fowleri in the study area were 23.07% and 1.92%. The prevalence of Naegleria species and the physicochemical parameters of the water bodies showed no significant correlation. Bayesian analysis of the ITS region revealed the Naegleria Sri Lankan (SL) isolates 1, 3, and 4 in a single clade separated from the 2 and 5. Furthermore, Bayesian analysis identified isolates 2 and 5 in the same clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. Philippinensis forming a sister clade. However, in the ML tree, all isolates were in the same clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. Philippinensis. Conclusions The present study reports the first isolation of pathogenic N. fowleri from Sri Lanka. Based on Bayesian analysis, SL isolates 2 and 5 form a separate clade from 1, 3, and 4. However, in ML analysis, all isolates are grouped in one clade with Naegleria sp. samples and N. philippinensis. Further investigations are required to confirm these findings.

Prevalence and Molecular Characteristics of Vibrio spp. Isolated from Preharvest Shrimp of the North Western Province of Sri Lanka

2012 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1846-1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
MADURA SANJEEVANI GONSAL KORALAGE ◽  
THOMAS ALTER ◽  
DUANGPORN PICHPOL ◽  
ECKHARD STRAUCH ◽  
KARL-HANS ZESSIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Penaeus Monodon ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Seafood Products ◽  
North Western ◽  
Vibrio Spp

This study investigated the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Vibrio spp. in farmed shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Sri Lanka. A total of 170 shrimp samples (100 g of whole shrimp each) taken from individual ponds from 54 farms were collected 1 week prior to harvest from the North Western Province of Sri Lanka. Overall, 98.1% of the farms and 95.1% of the ponds were positive for Vibrio spp. in shrimp; at the pond level, V. parahaemolyticus (91.2%) was most common, followed by V. alginolyticus (18.8%), V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (4.1%), and V. vulnificus (2.4%). Multiple Vibrio spp. were detected in 20.6% of the ponds. None of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 419) were positive for the virulence-associated tdh (thermostable direct hemolysin) and trh (TDH-related hemolysin) genes. V. cholerae was confirmed by the presence of ompW, and all isolates (n = 8) were negative for the cholera toxin (ctxA) gene. V. cholerae isolates were serogrouped by PCR and identified as V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139. All four V. vulnificus strains, isolated from different ponds of two geographical regions, showed pathogenic potential; they belonged to vcgC sequence type, type B 16S rRNA genotype and contained a pilF polymorphism associated with human pathogenicity. The results of this study revealed the ubiquitous nature of vibrios in farmed shrimp. To minimize the potential risk of Vibrio infections due to handling or consumption of raw or undercooked seafood products, good manufacturing practices as well as proper handling and processing should be addressed.

Use of regression techniques for rice yield estimation in the North-Western province of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
E. M. P. Ekanayake ◽  
L. C. D. Wickramasinghe ◽  
R. T. Weliwatta
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rice Yield ◽  
Yield Estimation ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Regression Techniques ◽  
North Western

Provincializing the International: Communist Print Worlds in Colonial India

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 140-153
Author(s):  
Ali Raza
Keyword(s):  
Print Culture ◽  
British India ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Western Province ◽  
The North ◽  
Colonial Archive ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The One ◽  
North Western ◽  
Global Project

Abstract This paper charts communist print worlds in colonial India during the interwar period. Beginning in the early 1920s, self-declared ‘Communist’ and ‘Bolshevik’ publications began surfacing across India. Through the example of the Kirti Kisan Sabha (Workers and Peasants Party: a communist group in the north-western province of Punjab), and its associated publications, this paper will provide a glimpse into the rich, diverse and imaginative print worlds of Indian communism. From 1926 onwards, Kirti publications became a part of a thriving print culture in which a dizzying variety of revolutionary, socialist and communist publications competed and conversed with the equally prolific and rich print worlds of their political and ideological rivals. Removed on the one hand from the ivory towers of party intellectuals, dense treatises and officious theses, and on the other hand from the framing of sedition, rebellion and fanaticism in the colonial archive, Kirti publications show how the global project of communist internationalism became distinctly provincialized and vernacularized in British India.

scholarly journals Development of monitoring of water bodies ecological status by the example of small lakes in the North-western Ladoga region

2020 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Dmitriev ◽  
Svetlana Sedova ◽  
Anastasiia Plenkina ◽  
Viktoriia Khomiakova ◽  
Diana Avdeevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Ladoga Region ◽  
The North ◽  
North Western

By the example of the Suuri Lake (0.37 km2) situated in the North-Western Ladoga region, modern aspects of monitoring the ecological state of water bodies are generalized, including 1) assessment of the rates of mass transfer processes in water ecosystems and the factors affecting them; 2) assessment of the integrated properties of water bodies and their ecosystems based on hierarchical schemes summarizing information about the state of subsystems and their properties in the form of composite indices. The results of the study in 2019 are visualized. Quantitative estimates of the chemical and biological composition and physical properties of the aquatic ecosystem, mass transfer rates, factors influencing them are obtained; the values of the integral indicators for the subsystem and their properties (productivity, water quality, stability) and the integral indicators of the systems and their integrative properties as a whole (ecological status, ecological wellbeing) are estimated. The temporal dynamics of the processes, component composition and complex properties of the aquatic ecosystem are investigated.

Calicium sequoiae, a new lichen species from north-western California, USA

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron B. WILLIAMS ◽  
Leif TIBELL
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Sequoia Sempervirens ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Secondary Substance ◽  
North Western ◽  
A New Species

Abstract:We describe Calicium sequoiae as a new species of lichenized Ascomycota from north-western California, USA. The species is distinguished morphologically from other known members of Calicium by its stalks that react I+ blue, mature ascospores that are ornamented with spiral ridges, and apothecia that produce prominent white pruina. It is also the only Calicium known to produce thamnolic acid as a major secondary substance. Sequences from the ITS-region showed C. sequoiae to be unique among calicioid Physciaceae, and phylogenetic analysis positioned it close to C. adspersum, C. chlorosporum, C. lenticulare, Cyphelium notarisii, and C. tigillare. Thus far, Calicium sequoiae has been collected only from old-growth redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) forests, where it occurred on thick, fibrous bark of large redwood trees. A key to the 12 species of Calicium known from the Pacific Northwest is provided.

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