scholarly journals Grazing-activated production of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) by two clones of Emiliania huxleyi

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon V. Wolfe ◽  
Michael Steinke
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Emiliania Huxleyi

Dimethyl sulfoniopropionate and dimethyl sulfide production in response to photoinhibition in Emiliania huxleyi

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1579-1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen D. Archer ◽  
Maria Ragni ◽  
Richard Webster ◽  
Ruth L. Airs ◽  
Richard J. Geider
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Emiliania Huxleyi ◽  
Sulfide Production

scholarly journals Infectious titres of Emiliania huxleyi virus 86 are reduced by exposure to millimolar dimethyl sulfide and acrylic acid

2006 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 2468-2471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Evans ◽  
Gillian Malin ◽  
William H. Wilson ◽  
Peter S. Liss
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Emiliania Huxleyi

scholarly journals Methane production by three widespread marine phytoplankton species: release rates, precursor compounds, and relevance for the environment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Klintzsch ◽  
Gerald Langer ◽  
Gernot Nehrke ◽  
Anna Wieland ◽  
Katharina Lenhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marine Algae ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Methionine Sulfoxide ◽  
Emiliania Huxleyi ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Ch4 Production ◽  
Hydrogen Carbonate ◽  
A Minor

Abstract. The world’s oceans are considered to be a minor source of methane (CH4) to the atmosphere although the magnitude of total net emissions is highly uncertain. In recent years the origin of the frequently observed in situ CH4 production in the ocean mixed layer has received much attention. Marine algae might contribute to the observed CH4 oversaturation in oxic waters, but so far direct evidence for CH4 production by marine algae has only been provided for the coccolithophore Emiliania huxleyi. In the present study we investigated, next to Emiliania huxleyi, other widespread haptophytes, i.e. Phaeocystis globosa and Chrysochromulina sp. for CH4 formation. Our results of CH4 production and stable carbon isotope measurements provide unambiguous evidence that all three investigated marine algae produce CH4 per se under oxic conditions and at rates ranging from 1.6 ± 0.5 to 2.7 ± 0.7 µg CH4 per g POC (particulate organic carbon) d−1 at a temperature of 20 °C with Chrysochromulina sp. and E. huxleyi showing the lowest and highest rates, respectively. In cultures that were treated with 13C-labelled hydrogen carbonate δ13CH4 values increased with incubation time, clearly resulting from the conversion of 13C-hydrogen carbonate to 13CH4. The addition of 13C labelled dimethyl sulfide, dimethyl sulfoxide and methionine sulfoxide – known algal metabolites that are ubiquitous in marine surface layers - enabled us to clearly monitor the occurrence of 13C-enriched CH4 in cultures of Emiliania huxleyi clearly indicating that methylated sulphur compounds are also precursors of CH4. We propose that CH4 production could be a common process among marine haptophytes likely contributing to CH4 oversaturation in oxic waters.

Effect of short-term light- and UV-stress on DMSP, DMS, and DMSP lyase activity in Emiliania huxleyi

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Darroch ◽  
M Lavoie ◽  
M Levasseur ◽  
I Laurion ◽  
WG Sunda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emiliania Huxleyi ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Lyase Activity ◽  
Uv Stress

Microbial Origins and Consequences of Dimethyl Sulfide

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew W. B. Johnston ◽  
Andrew R. J. Curson ◽  
Jonathan D. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide

scholarly journals Identification of VOCs in essential oils extracted using ultrasound- and microwave-assisted methods from sweet cherry flower

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Hongguang Yan ◽  
Quan Li ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Xiaopeng Wen
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Essential Oil Yield

AbstractThe floral fragrance of plants is an important indicator in their evaluation. The aroma of sweet cherry flowers is mainly derived from their essential oil. In this study, based on the results of a single-factor experiment, a Box–Behnken design was adopted for ultrasound- and microwave-assisted extraction of essential oil from sweet cherry flowers of the Brooks cultivar. With the objective of extracting the maximum essential oil yield (w/w), the optimal extraction process conditions were a liquid–solid ratio of 52 mL g−1, an extraction time of 27 min, and a microwave power of 435 W. The essential oil yield was 1.23%, which was close to the theoretical prediction. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the sweet cherry flowers of four cultivars (Brooks, Black Pearl, Tieton and Summit) were identified via headspace solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results showed that a total of 155 VOCs were identified and classified in the essential oil from sweet cherry flowers of four cultivars, 65 of which were shared among the cultivars. The highest contents of VOCs were aldehydes, alcohols, ketones and esters. Ethanol, linalool, lilac alcohol, acetaldehyde, (E)-2-hexenal, benzaldehyde and dimethyl sulfide were the major volatiles, which were mainly responsible for the characteristic aroma of sweet cherry flowers. It was concluded that the VOCs of sweet cherry flowers were qualitatively similar; however, relative content differences were observed in the four cultivars. This study provides a theoretical basis for the metabolism and regulation of the VOCs of sweet cherry flowers.

scholarly journals The Influence of Ocean Acidification and Warming on DMSP & DMS in New Zealand Coastal Water

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Alexia D. Saint-Macary ◽  
Neill Barr ◽  
Evelyn Armstrong ◽  
Karl Safi ◽  
Andrew Marriner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Coastal Water ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Trace Gas ◽  
Mesocosm Experiments ◽  
Future Warming ◽  
Higher Temperature

The cycling of the trace gas dimethyl sulfide (DMS) and its precursor dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) may be affected by future ocean acidification and warming. DMSP and DMS concentrations were monitored over 20-days in four mesocosm experiments in which the temperature and pH of coastal water were manipulated to projected values for the year 2100 and 2150. This had no effect on DMSP in the two-initial nutrient-depleted experiments; however, in the two nutrient-amended experiments, warmer temperature combined with lower pH had a more significant effect on DMSP & DMS concentrations than lower pH alone. Overall, this indicates that future warming may have greater influence on DMS production than ocean acidification. The observed reduction in DMSP at warmer temperatures was associated with changes in phytoplankton community and in particular with small flagellate biomass. A small decrease in DMS concentration was measured in the treatments relative to other studies, from −2% in the nutrient-amended low pH treatment to −16% in the year 2150 pH and temperature conditions. Temporal variation was also observed with DMS concentration increasing earlier in the higher temperature treatment. Nutrient availability and community composition should be considered in models of future DMS.

scholarly journals Dynamical study of infochemical influences on tropic interaction of diffusive plankton system

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Tiwari ◽  
Ravikant Singh ◽  
Nilesh Kumar Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Turing Instability ◽  
Model System ◽  
Ode Model ◽  
Estuarine Ecosystem ◽  
Dynamical Study ◽  
Oscillatory Dynamics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Microzooplankton Grazing

AbstractWe propose a model for tropic interaction among the infochemical-producing phytoplankton and non-info chemical-producing phytoplankton and microzooplankton. Volatile information-conveying chemicals (infochemicals) released by phytoplankton play an important role in the food webs of marine ecosystems. Microzooplankton is an ecologically important grazer of phytoplankton for coexistence of a large number of phytoplankton species. Here, we discuss how information transferred by dimethyl sulfide shapes the interaction of phytoplankton. Phytoplankton deterrents may lead to propagation of IPP bloom. The interaction between IPP and microzooplankton follows the Beddington–DeAngelis-type functional response. Analytically, we discuss boundedness, stability and Turing instability of the model system. We perform numerical simulation for temporal (ODE model) as well as a spatial model system. Our numerical investigation shows that microzooplankton grazing refuse of IPP leads to oscillatory dynamics. Increasing diffusion coefficient of microzooplankton shows Turing instability. Time evolution also plays an important role in the stability of system dynamics. The results obtained in this paper are useful to understand the dominance of algal bloom in coastal and estuarine ecosystem.

scholarly journals In-Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Volatile Compounds and Minerals in Five Different Onion Varieties

Separations ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Rokayya Sami ◽  
Abeer Elhakem ◽  
Mona Alharbi ◽  
Manal Almatrafi ◽  
Nada Benajiba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxidative Stresses ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Red Variety ◽  
A Minor

Onions contain high antioxidants compounds that fight inflammation against many diseases. The purpose was to investigate some selected bioactive activities of onion varieties (Yellow, Red, Green, Leek, and Baby). Antioxidant assays and anti-inflammatory activities such as NO production with the addition of some bioactive components were determined and analyzed by using a spectrophotometer. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC–MS) was used for the volatile compounds, while an Atomic absorption spectrometer was used for mineral determinations. Red variety achieved the highest antioxidant activities. The total flavonoids were between (12.56 and 353.53 mg Quercetin/gin dry weight) (dw) and the total phenol was (8.75–25.73 mg/g dw). Leek, Yellow and Green extracts achieved highly anti-inflammatory values (3.71–4.01 μg/mL) followed by Red and Baby extracts, respectively. The highest contents of sodium, potassium, zinc, and calcium were established for Red onions. Furfuraldehyde, 5-Methyl-2-furfuraldehyde, 2-Methyl-2-pentenal, and 1-Propanethiol were the most predominant, followed by a minor abundance of the other compounds such as Dimethyl sulfide, Methyl allyl disulfide, Methyl-trans-propenyl-disulfide, and Methyl propyl disulfide. The results recommend that these varieties could act as sources of essential antioxidants and anti-inflammatories to decrease inflammation and oxidative stresses, especially red onions that recorded high activities.

scholarly journals Promotional Effects of Rare-Earth Praseodymium (Pr) Modification over MCM-41 for Methyl Mercaptan Catalytic Decomposition

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Cao ◽  
Jichang Lu ◽  
Yutong Zhao ◽  
Rui Tian ◽  
Wenjun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfide ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Acid Sites ◽  
Methyl Mercaptan ◽  
Praseodymium Oxide ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xps Characterization ◽  
Temperature Programmed ◽  
Mcm 41

Praseodymium (Pr)-promoted MCM-41 catalyst was investigated for the catalytic decomposition of methyl mercaptan (CH3SH). Various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption–desorption, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD) and carbon dioxide (CO2-TPD), hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), were carried out to analyze the physicochemical properties of material. XPS characterization results showed that praseodymium was presented on the modified catalyst in the form of praseodymium oxide species, which can react with coke deposit to prolong the catalytic stability until 120 h. Meanwhile, the strong acid sites were proved to be the main active center over the 10% Pr/MCM-41 catalyst by NH3-TPD results during the catalytic elimination of methyl mercaptan. The possible reaction mechanism was proposed by analyzing the product distribution results. The final products were mainly small-molecule products, such as methane (CH4) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Dimethyl sulfide (CH3SCH3) was a reaction intermediate during the reaction. Therefore, this work contributes to the understanding of the reaction process of catalytic decomposition methyl mercaptan and the design of anti-carbon deposition catalysts.

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