scholarly journals Potential of entomopathogenic nematodes as biocontrol agents of immature stages of Aedes aegypti

Nematoda ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise de Oliveira Cardoso ◽  
Vicente Martins Gomes ◽  
Claudia Dolinski ◽  
Ricardo Moreira Souza
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Immature Stages

The Role of Predation in Determining Traits of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) and Infection With Zika Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shawna Bellamy ◽  
Barry W Alto
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Infected Blood ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Susceptibility To Infection ◽  
Density Reduction

Abstract Non-lethal predator-prey interactions during the immature stages can cause significant changes to mosquito life history traits and their ability to transmit pathogens as adults. Treatment manipulations using mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) and Toxoryhnchites rutilus (Coquillett) were performed during the immature stages to explore the potential impacts of non-lethal interactions on adult susceptibility to infection, disseminated infection and saliva infection of Ae. aegypti following ingestion of Zika virus-infected blood. Treatments inducing density reduction resulted in reduced development time and survivorship to adulthood. However, effects of treatment did not alter infection, dissemination, or saliva infection. These observations indicate that, while non-lethal predation may impact some traits that influence population dynamics and transmission of pathogens, there were no direct effects on mosquito-arbovirus interactions.

Detection of Flaviviral-Like DNA Sequences in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Collected From Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisa B Bonica ◽  
Dario E Balcazar ◽  
Ailen Chuchuy ◽  
Jorge A Barneche ◽  
Carolina Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
The Past ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
The World ◽  
Aegypti Genome ◽  
Dengue Epidemics

Abstract Diseases caused by flaviviruses are a major public health burden across the world. In the past decades, South America has suffered dengue epidemics, the re-emergence of yellow fever and St. Louis encephalitis viruses, and the introduction of West Nile and Zika viruses. Many insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) that cannot replicate in vertebrate cells have recently been described. In this study, we analyzed field-collected mosquito samples from six different ecoregions of Argentina to detect flaviviruses. We did not find any RNA belonging to pathogenic flaviviruses or ISFs in adults or immature stages. However, flaviviral-like DNA similar to flavivirus NS5 region was detected in 83–100% of Aedes aegypti (L.). Despite being previously described as an ancient element in the Ae. aegypti genome, the flaviviral-like DNA sequence was not detected in all Ae. aegypti samples and sequences obtained did not form a monophyletic group, possibly reflecting the genetic diversity of mosquito populations in Argentina.

scholarly journals Identification of entomopathogenic nematodes and symbiotic bacteria from Nam Nao National Park in Thailand and larvicidal activity of symbiotic bacteria against Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0195681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Temsiri Yooyangket ◽  
Paramaporn Muangpat ◽  
Raxsina Polseela ◽  
Sarunporn Tandhavanant ◽  
Aunchalee Thanwisai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Aedes Albopictus ◽  
National Park ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Symbiotic Bacteria

scholarly journals First Screening of Entomopathogenic Nematodes and Fungus as Biocontrol Agents against an Emerging Pest of Sugarcane, Cacosceles newmannii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Javal ◽  
John S. Terblanche ◽  
Desmond E. Conlong ◽  
Antoinette P. Malan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Sugar Production ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Sugarcane Stalk ◽  
Reduce Sugar ◽  
Steinernema Yirgalemense

Cacosceles newmannii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) is an emerging pest of sugarcane in South Africa. The larvae of this cerambycid beetle live within the sugarcane stalk and drill galleries that considerably reduce sugar production. To provide an alternative to chemical control, entomopathogenic nematodes and fungus were investigated as potential biological control agents to be used in an integrated pest management system. The nematodes Steinernema yirgalemense, S. jeffreyense, Heterorhabditis indica, and different concentrations of the fungus Metarhizium pinghaense were screened for efficacy (i.e., mortality rate) against larvae of C. newmannii. The different biocontrol agents used, revealed a low level of pathogenicity to C. newmannii larvae, when compared to control treatments.

Biological control of ticks

Parasitology ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (S1) ◽  
pp. S389-S403 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. SAMISH ◽  
H. GINSBERG ◽  
I. GLAZER
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Production Strategies ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Selection Of

Ticks have numerous natural enemies, but only a few species have been evaluated as tick biocontrol agents (BCAs). Some laboratory results suggest that several bacteria are pathogenic to ticks, but their mode of action and their potential value as biocontrol agents remain to be determined. The most promising entomopathogenic fungi appear to be Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana, strains of which are already commercially available for the control of some pests. Development of effective formulations is critical for tick management. Entomopathogenic nematodes that are pathogenic to ticks can potentially control ticks, but improved formulations and selection of novel nematode strains are needed. Parasitoid wasps of the genus Ixodiphagus do not typically control ticks under natural conditions, but inundative releases show potential value. Most predators of ticks are generalists, with a limited potential for tick management (one possible exception is oxpeckers in Africa). Biological control is likely to play a substantial role in future IPM programmes for ticks because of the diversity of taxa that show high potential as tick BCAs. Considerable research is required to select appropriate strains, develop them as BCAs, establish their effectiveness, and devise production strategies to bring them to practical use.

Effects of Constant and Fluctuating Low Temperatures on the Development of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) from a Temperate Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 1661-1668 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Sol De Majo ◽  
Gabriela Zanotti ◽  
Raúl E Campos ◽  
Sylvia Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Buenos Aires ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Temperate Region ◽  
Development Times ◽  
Average Survival ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Aegypti Population

Abstract Most studies of the effects of low temperature on the development of immature stages of Aedes aegypti (L.) have been performed at constant temperatures in the laboratory, which may not accurately reflect the variable environmental conditions in the field. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of constant temperatures (CT) and fluctuating low temperatures (FT) on the fitness of Ae. aegypti of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Three CT treatments (12, 14, and 16°C) and three FT treatments (12, 14, and 16°C ± 4°C) were performed and then survival, development time, and size of adults analyzed for each treatment. The immature stages completed development in all the treatments, with an average survival of 88% at 16°C, 85% at 14°C, and 22% at 12°C, and showed no differences between the CT and FT treatments. Development times were similar between the CT and FT treatments at 16°C (average ± SD: 22.7 ± 2.0 d) and at 14°C (average ± SD: 30.5 ± 2.5 d), whereas at 12°C, they lasted longer under CT (average ± SD: 46.6 ± 5.1 d) than under FT (average ± SD: 37 ± 6.5 d). The sizes of the adults at 12 and 14°C were similar but larger than those at 16°C, and showed no differences between the CT and FT treatments. Compared to populations of other geographical regions assessed in previous studies, the shorter development times and the high survival at 14 and 16°C, and the ability to complete development at 12°C, a fact not previously reported, suggest that the Ae. aegypti population of Buenos Aires city has a higher tolerance to these conditions.

scholarly journals Urban environmental clustering to assess the spatial dynamics of Aedes aegypti breeding sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Albrieu-Llinás ◽  
Manuel O. Espinosa ◽  
Agustín Quaglia ◽  
Marcelo Abril ◽  
Carlos Marcelo Scavuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Immature Stages ◽  
Temporal Behaviour ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Distribution Maps

The identification of Aedes aegypti breeding hotspots in urban areas is crucial for the rational design of control strategies against this disease vector. Remote sensing and geographic information systems offer valuable tools for mapping habitat suitability of a given area. However, predicting species occurrences by means of probability distribution maps based on transversal entomological surveys has limited utility for local authorities. The aim of the present study was to carefully examine the temporal evolution of the number of houses infested with immature stages of Ae. aegypti in each individual neighbourhood and to explore the value of producing environmental clusters generated with information provided by remotely sensed variables to explain the observed differential temporal behaviour. Entomological surveys were conducted between 2011 and 2013 throughout a small town in Argentina registering the number of houses with containers harbouring immature stages of Ae. aegypti. A SPOT 5 satellite image was used to obtain land cover variables, which were subsequently submitted to k-means partitioning for grouping neighbourhoods into four environmental clusters. Finally, a generalized linear model was fitted showing that the number of houses found to be positive for Ae. aegypti was jointly affected by the interaction between environmental clusters and the year of sampling. Moreover, the number of positive houses in one of the clusters was 9.5 times higher (P<0.005, SE=0.37) in 2013 than in 2012, but we did not observe any other statistically significant increases.

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