Analysing qualitative data Quantitative analysis of qualitative data; Qualitative content analysis; Qualitative analysis of qualitative data; Doing qualitative research; Considerations for a qualitative project; Data analysis; Procedures in major approaches (grounded theory, interpretive phenomenological analysis, discourse analysis);Writing up the report; Reliability and validity – how are qualitative studies evaluated?

2013 ◽  
pp. 564-594
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Project Data

scholarly journals Iterative Thematic Inquiry: A New Method for Analyzing Qualitative Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 160940692095511
Author(s):  
David L. Morgan ◽  
Andreea Nica
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
New Method ◽  
Data Collection And Analysis ◽  
Primary Procedure

Because themes play such a central role in the presentation of qualitative research results, we propose a new method, Iterative Thematic Inquiry (ITI), that is guided by the development of themes. We begin by describing how ITI uses pragmatism as a theoretical basis for linking beliefs, in the form of preconceptions, to actions, in the form of data collection and analysis. Next, we present the four basic phases that ITI relies on: assessing beliefs; building new beliefs through encounters with data; listing tentative themes; and, evaluating themes through coding. We also review several notable differences between ITI and existing methods for qualitative data analysis, such as thematic analysis, grounded theory, and qualitative content analysis. The use of ITI is then illustrated through its application in a study of exiters from fundamentalist religions. Overall, the two most notable features of ITI are that it begins the development of themes as early as possible, through an assessment of initial preconceptions, and that it relies on writing rather than coding, by using a continual revision of tentative results as the primary procedure for generating a final set of themes.

scholarly journals Directed qualitative content analysis: the description and elaboration of its underpinning methods and data analysis process

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdolghader Assarroudi ◽  
Fatemeh Heshmati Nabavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Armat ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Mojtaba Vaismoradi
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
International Literature ◽  
Qualitative Data Analysis ◽  
Step Method ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
Descriptive Knowledge

Qualitative content analysis consists of conventional, directed and summative approaches for data analysis. They are used for provision of descriptive knowledge and understandings of the phenomenon under study. However, the method underpinning directed qualitative content analysis is insufficiently delineated in international literature. This paper aims to describe and integrate the process of data analysis in directed qualitative content analysis. Various international databases were used to retrieve articles related to directed qualitative content analysis. A review of literature led to the integration and elaboration of a stepwise method of data analysis for directed qualitative content analysis. The proposed 16-step method of data analysis in this paper is a detailed description of analytical steps to be taken in directed qualitative content analysis that covers the current gap of knowledge in international literature regarding the practical process of qualitative data analysis. An example of “the resuscitation team members' motivation for cardiopulmonary resuscitation” based on Victor Vroom's expectancy theory is also presented. The directed qualitative content analysis method proposed in this paper is a reliable, transparent, and comprehensive method for qualitative researchers. It can increase the rigour of qualitative data analysis, make the comparison of the findings of different studies possible and yield practical results.

scholarly journals Phenomena-centered Text Analysis (PTA): a new approach to foster the qualitative paradigm in text analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Krikser ◽  
Benedikt Jahnke
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Small Step ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Increasing Demand

AbstractContent or text analysis is one of the most common evaluation methods employed in qualitative research. Despite its wide application, however, a clear structure of how such evaluation should be conducted is often lacking due to the complexity of qualitative data. As a consequence, highly differentiated category systems with small-step subdivisions of categories and sub-categories are often used, leading to a loss of context both among categories and for the content as a whole. The aim of this paper is to describe the Phenomena-centered Text Analysis (PTA) as a novel form of qualitative text analysis, which takes these shortcomings into account by focusing on text-inherent phenomena. These phenomena are identified in two preceding quantitative analysis steps that identifying overlapping coding for subsequently qualitative analysis. We explain the structured code- and context-based approach of this new method and demonstrate its application with an empirical example. The PTA contributes to an increasing demand of qualitative methods especially for small-scale projects that need a structured kind of qualitative data analysis.

scholarly journals Qualitative Research without money: Experiences with a home-grown Qualitative Content Analysis tool

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andy Bytheway
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Research Students

Experience with young research students in South Africa, most of whom have few or no resources and are not supported by research infrastructure by their universities, shows that they have great difficulty in learning the techniques of qualitative research.  Beginning as a simple idea, the development of an ad-hoc package intended to assist with the coding and categorisation of qualitative data led to a useful suite of facilities that contributed to at least four projects, one of which had the texts of 52 interviews to work with.  It proved possible to import, structure and organise the research data in a way that then permitted useful export of charts, tables and text into papers and theses.  With appropriate skills, researchers also found it possible to apply their own SQL queries to data that was now well structured and fully normalised (in terms of database design).  Comparison with two commercial packages shows that many of the proclaimed features of the commercial packages were replicated, and in at least one instance they seem to have been exceeded.

scholarly journals Inductive and Deductive: Ambiguous Labels in Qualitative Content Analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Armat ◽  
Abdolghader Assarroudi ◽  
Mostafa Rad ◽  
Hassan Sharifi ◽  
Abbas Heydari
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Data Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Directed Content Analysis ◽  
Nursing Literature

The propounded dualism in Content Analysis as quantitative and qualitative approaches is widely supported and justified in nursing literature. Nevertheless, another sort of dualism is proposed for Qualitative Content Analysis, suggesting the adoption of "inductive" and/or "deductive" approaches in the process of qualitative data analysis. These approaches have been referred and labelled as "inductive" or "conventional"; and "deductive" or "directed" content analysis in the literature. Authors argue that these labels could be fallacious, and may lead to ambiguity; as in effect, both approaches are employed with different dominancy during the process of any Qualitative Content Analysis. Thus, authors suggest more expressive, comprehensive, yet simple labels for this method of qualitative data analysis.

scholarly journals Directed Qualitative Content Analysis (DQlCA): A Tool for Conflict Analysis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naupess Kibiswa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Conflict Analysis ◽  
Inductive Approach ◽  
Research Tradition ◽  
Results Reporting ◽  
Set Up

Qualitative Content Analysis (QlCA) is a research methodology carried on in either an inductive or deductive way. The former way is widely used by qualitative researchers and is more presented in qualitative research manuals than the latter is. While in the inductive approach, the researcher draws categories/themes from data she collected to start her research, in the deductive, aka, directed approach, she rather draws them from (an) existing theory/ies to set up the categories/themes that guide her research. The deductive or directed qualitative content analysis (DQlCA) is used to test, to corroborate the pertinence of the theory/ies guiding the study or to extend the application of the theory/ies to contexts/cultures other than those in which that/those theory/ies was/were developed. It is more used by quantitative researchers than by qualitative ones. And while using it, these create their data. This article aims at reducing the above holes in the qualitative research tradition by proposing an 8-step DQlCA within three phases (Study Preparation, Data Analysis, and Results’ Reporting) to respond to the same purposes with data not created by the researcher. Some appendixes provide, in tables/displays, illustrations to serve as models to inspire conflict analyst researchers who choose DQlCA as their research methodology.

scholarly journals A INFLUÊNCIA DOS YOUTUBERS DO SEGMENTO DA BELEZA SOBRE PRÁTICAS DE CONSUMO NO CENÁRIO PALMENSE

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-391
Author(s):  
Suzana Gilioli da Costa Nunes ◽  
André Gonzaga Aires ◽  
Marcelo Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Quantitative Data Analysis ◽  
Investigación Cualitativa ◽  
The City

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o comportamento dos consumidores na decisão de compra perante a influência dos YouTubers, referente ao segmento da beleza no mercado da cidade de Palmas – TO. O método da pesquisa foi uma análise quantitativa para dados qualitativos, sendo assim uma pesquisa qualitativa com análise de dados quantitativos, do tipo descritiva. Foram abordados 225 entrevistado em 26 horas, dentro do munícipio.  A análise dos dados foi feita a partir de um perfil traçado de cada consumidor, após isso foi feito o cruzamento desses perfis, que resultou em fatores de similaridades e diferenciação entre eles, onde apontou a forma como os influenciadores digitais e seus vídeos impactam esses consumidores.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: marketing; marketing digital; youtube; youtubers, consumo.     ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the behavior of consumers in the decision to buy before the influence of the YouTubers, referring to the segment of beauty in the market of the city of Palmas - TO. The method of the research was a quantitative analysis for qualitative data, being a qualitative research with quantitative data analysis, of the descriptive type. 225 interviewees were approached in 26 hours within the municipality. The analysis of the data was made from a profiled profile of each consumer, after which the profiles were cross-referenced, which resulted in factors of similarity and differentiation between them, where he pointed out how digital influencers and their videos impact these consumers .   KEYWORDS: marketing; digital marketing; youtube; youtubers, consumption.     RESUMEN Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el comportamiento de los consumidores en la decisión de compra ante la influencia de los YouTubers, referente al segmento de la belleza en el mercado de la ciudad de Palmas - TO. El método de la investigación fue un análisis cuantitativo para datos cualitativos, siendo así una investigación cualitativa con análisis de datos cuantitativos, del tipo descriptivo. Se abordaron 225 entrevistados en 26 horas, dentro del municipio. El análisis de los datos se hizo a partir de un perfil trazado de cada consumidor, después de eso se hizo el cruce de esos perfiles, que resultó en factores de similitudes y diferenciación entre ellos, donde apuntó la forma como los influenciadores digitales y sus videos impactan a esos consumidores.   PALABRAS CLAVE: comercialización; marketing digital; youtube; youtubers, consumo.    

Transcription as a Key Phase of Data Analysis in Qualitative Research: Experience from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

Field Methods ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1525822X2198948
Author(s):  
Adeagbo Oluwafemi ◽  
S. Xulu ◽  
N. Dlamini ◽  
M. Luthuli ◽  
T. Mhlongo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Written Text ◽  
Kwazulu Natal ◽  
Collection Methods ◽  
Qualitative Data Collection

Transforming spoken words into written text in qualitative research is a vital step in familiarizing and immersing oneself in the data. We share a three-step approach of how data transcription facilitated an interpretative act of analysis in a study using qualitative data collection methods on the barriers and facilitators of HIV testing and treatment in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.

Reflexivity in research: Promoting rigour, reliability and validity in qualitative research

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
pp. 560-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesam Darawsheh
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Qualitative Research Study ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Analyse Data

Background The value of qualitative research is increasingly acknowledged in health studies, as well as the demand for employing rigorous strategies. Although the literature recognises that reflexivity is a valuable and rigorous strategy, few studies unravel the practical employment of reflexivity as a strategy for ensuring rigour and quality in qualitative research. Aim To present a practical example of how reflexivity can be employed as a strategy for ensuring rigour by reviewing 13 narratives from the author's reflexive diary on qualitative research. Methods Content analysis and narrative analysis were used to approach and analyse data. Findings Analysis of the posited qualitative research study found five main outcomes of the influence of reflexivity as a strategy to establish criteria of rigour. Conclusions Further research is needed to show how reflexivity can be employed as a strategy in qualitative research to: i) establish criteria of rigour; ii) monitor the researcher's subjectivity in generating credible findings.

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