From a Warm Summer to a Chilly Autumn

2022 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Håkan Karlsson ◽  
Tomás Diez Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Warm Summer

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Chief Editor ◽  
City Council ◽  
The West ◽  
Son Of God ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
The City

On a warm summer afternoon in 1561, Calvin’s chief editor donned a heavy stole, thick robes, and a gleaming tiara and proceeded to strut and fret his hour upon the stage in a comedy of his own devising. For little more than a century, Christians in the West had celebrated on August 6th Christ’s Transfiguration as the son of God in shining robes. But on this Sunday in Geneva, the city council, consistory, and an audience fresh from having attended edifying sermons at morning service gathered to applaud the transfiguration of the learned Conrad Badius into the title role of ...

scholarly journals Salicylic acid and kaolin effects on pomological, physiological, and phytochemical characters of hazelnut (Corylus avellana) at warm summer condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Khavari ◽  
Reza Fatahi ◽  
Zabihollah Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Corylus Avellana ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
The World ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
Supporting Materials

AbstractClimate change and population increase are two challenges for crop production in the world. Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is considered an important nut regarding its nutritional and economic values. As a fact, the application of supporting materials as foliage sprays on plants will decrease biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, the effects of salicylic acid (0, 1 mM and 2.5 mM) and kaolin (0, 3% and 6%) sprays were investigated on morphological, physiological, pomological, and biochemical characteristics of hazelnut. The results showed that 1 mM salicylic acid and 6% kaolin had the best effects on nut and kernel weight compared to control. Biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll a, b, a + b, and carotenoid contents showed that salicylic acid and kaolin improved pigment concentration. Proline and antioxidant contents such as phenolic acids, SOD, APX, and CAT enzyme activities increased by these applications. On the other hand, lipid peroxidation, protein content, and H2O2 content were decreased. Based on the tolerance index result, Merveille de Bollwiller cultivar showed the highest tolerance while 'Fertile de Coutard' had the lowest value. Therefore, hazelnut performance may be improved through exogenous application of the signaling (salicylic acid) and particle film (Kaolin) compounds in warmer climates.

Spoilage of Fish in the Vessels at Sea: 2. Treatment on the Deck and in the Hold

1956 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Castell ◽  
W. A. MacCallum ◽  
H. E. Power
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
Subsequent Storage ◽  
Initial Contamination

A study has been made of some of the factors affecting the spoilage rate of fish in the trawlers at sea. It was found that two conditions were major causes of accelerated spoilage: (1) Treatments that resulted in very heavy initial contamination such as storing the fish directly against the slimy wooden pen boards, and (2) Treatments that resulted in a rise in the temperature of the fish. This latter may be a larger increase in temperature for a short period, such as exposure of the fish on the deck during warm summer weather, or a smaller increase over a longer period, such as results from inadequate or inefficient icing.Other types of carelessness and unsanitary conditions did not have any significant effect on the fish until at least 6 or 7 days, as long as they were well iced during the subsequent storage period in the hold.

Increasing the Efficacy and Extending the Effective Application Period of a Granular Turf Bioherbicide by Covering with Jute Fabric

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed H. Abu-Dieyeh ◽  
Alan K. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Sclerotinia Minor ◽  
Jute Fabric ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
Jute Fibers ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Made In

Progress in bioherbicide development has been hindered by the strict moisture and temperature requirements of the living active ingredient. Application of a jute fabric to areas treated with aSclerotinia minorgranular bioherbicide improved broadleaf weed control and broadened the effective application period to include the warm summer season. When turfgrass plots treated with the bioherbicide were covered with burlap fabric for 3 d, broadleaf weed (dandelion, white clover, broadleaf plantain, buckhorn plantain, ground ivy, and prostrate knotweed) control was greatly enhanced. The cover was made of natural jute fibers that retained water but had sufficient transparency to allow 33% light penetration for continued growth of the grass. Virulence of the bioherbicide was maintained under elevated temperatures that would otherwise reduce efficacy. The bioherbicide was ineffective in the summer unless covered, but dandelion density, broadleaf weed ground cover, and dandelion survival were all reduced by the bioherbicide when plots were covered, even if applications were made in July. The efficacy of the bioherbicide was also enhanced under favorable conditions, and covering permitted reduced application rates without loss of efficacy. When applied at a rate of 20 g/m2and covered,S. minorgranules exerted significantly greater biocontrol of dandelion than 40 g/m2without covering. Covering for up to 5 d did not cause any adverse effects on the turfgrass. This approach may overcome one obstacle to the commercialization of theSclerotinia minorbioherbicide, permitting its deployment under challenging environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Time lag between the tropopause height and the levels of 7Be concentrations in surface air

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
E. Ioannidou ◽  
A.-P. Leppänen ◽  
D. Melas ◽  
A. Ioannidou
Keyword(s):  
Solar Minimum ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Tropopause Height ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Vertical Exchange ◽  
Air Masses ◽  
Activity Concentrations ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
Concentration Levels

The concentration of 7Be at near surface air has been determined over 2009, which was a year of a deep solar minimum, at three different locations in Finland: Ivalo (68°64’N, 27°57’E), Rovaniemi (66°51’N, 25°68’E) and Kotka (60°48’N, 26°92’E). In geomagnetic latitudes over λ = 60° N, the elevation of tropopause during the warm summer months and the vertical exchange of air masses within the troposphere cause greater mixture of the air masses resulting in higher concentration levels for 7Be in surface air. However, different climatic phenomena, such as air masses from the East, make the correlation between the monthly activity concentrations of 7Be and the tropopause height fairly weak. For Ivalo and Rovaniemi it was found that changes in the daily surface concentrations of 7Be lag the changes in the elevation of the tropopause by four days. In Kotka, the correlation is weakest.

Tropical Atlantic Influence on European Heat Waves

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 2805-2811 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Cassou ◽  
Laurent Terray ◽  
Adam S. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
Temperature Data ◽  
Tropical Atlantic ◽  
Caribbean Basin ◽  
Climate Anomalies ◽  
Warm Summer ◽  
The Caribbean

Abstract Diagnostics combining atmospheric reanalysis and station-based temperature data for 1950–2003 indicate that European heat waves can be associated with the occurrence of two specific summertime atmospheric circulation regimes. Evidence is presented that during the record warm summer of 2003, the excitation of these two regimes was significantly favored by the anomalous tropical Atlantic heating related to wetter-than-average conditions in both the Caribbean basin and the Sahel. Given the persistence of tropical Atlantic climate anomalies, their seasonality, and their associated predictability, the suggested tropical–extratropical Atlantic connection is encouraging for the prospects of long-range forecasting of extreme weather in Europe.

‘A warm summer breeze’

2018 ◽  
pp. 91-113
Author(s):  
Michael J. K. Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Warm Summer
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