The coronavirus pandemic has had a disproportionate impact on vulnerable populations. As a result, the confluence of this pandemic, massive unemployment, and civil unrest has refocused attention on social determinants of health (SDOH), including racism, in the United States as a whole and specifically in healthcare. This article will discuss COVID-19 and the social determinants of health in the context of the historical focus and future directions of the nursing profession to consider these contributing factors, social justice in society, and the ethical mandate for nurses to address these issues. The authors provide recommendations to support the development of structural competence to address racism and inclusion of the SDOH information in education, policy, and practice. Suggestions for research to inform and prevent the inequities manifested in the current pandemic, and in the future, are included.