The right institutional environment for ethical behaviour in university-affiliated institutions in India

Knowledge of medical ethics and law plays an essential role in the training of future doctors and this chapter provides a clear overview of what medical students need to know in terms of ethical decision-making and practice. The 1998 Consensus Statement on ethics for UK medical schools is summarized. The chapter discusses patients—their values, narratives, rights, and responsibilities. Consent and refusal in medical decision-making, including the main elements of valid consent, are analysed, along with the right to confidentiality and its limits. The chapter gives practical guidance on ethical behaviour while at medical school, ensuring patient dignity during physical examinations (e.g. pulling the curtains round a bed) and protecting patient confidentiality (e.g. not discussing a case in a crowded hospital lift). The chapter also advises medical students on how to learn from what they observe during their training, whether in the lecture theatre or on the ward, to help build their own ethical practise.

Generating the Right Institutional Environment for Ethical Behavior in University-Affiliated Institutions in India

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.2689875 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

K. Sankaran ◽

Vanishree Joseph

Keyword(s):

Ethical Behavior ◽

Ethical beliefs and behaviour of university educators: evidence from Russia

Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education ◽

10.1108/jarhe-07-2020-0242 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Yuriy Timofeyev ◽

Oksana Dremova

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Faculty Members ◽

University Teaching ◽

Ethical Behaviour ◽

Content Type ◽

Behaviour Factor ◽

Actual Behaviour ◽

The Right ◽

The Impact

PurposeThis exploratory study aims, firstly, to analyse and categorise judgements on ethical behaviour and actual behaviour of university educators. Secondly, the study addresses the impact of demographic data, such as gender, age and role on these issues.Design/methodology/approachWe utilised online survey data from academic employees of four leading universities in Russia, who are involved in teaching activities. In this study, we used correlation, regression and factor analyses.FindingsOur results demonstrate that teaching, while too distressed to be effective, is a common experience among university educators. By contrast, the rarest categories include teaching under the influence of drugs or alcohol. In addition, there is a high congruence between beliefs and respective behaviours. Females are typically more ethical in both judgements and actual behaviour. Factor analysis of behaviours yielded 16 interpretable factors.Practical implicationsFirstly, the salary of the university educators should be adequate and competitive and match with their workload. Secondly, the work of the educators should be given recognition that may become their stimuli for improvement in university teaching. Thirdly, universities should develop ethics centres, which help faculty members and students to take the right decisions in situations involving questionable behaviour in the classroom. Lastly, the development of ethical codes, for faculty members and students, may become their guidance in situations with ethical dilemmas.Originality/valueThis study contributed to the very limited research on the ethical aspects of higher education in Russia.

The Choice of Child Delivery Is a European Human Right

European Journal of Health Law ◽

10.1163/157180912x639125 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 257-269 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

M. Eggermont

Keyword(s):

Private Life ◽

Legal Certainty ◽

Personal Choice ◽

Human Right ◽

Member States ◽

European Court ◽

The Uk ◽

The Right ◽

Made In

Abstract In a judgment of 14 December 2010, in the case of Madam Ternovszky v. Hungary, the European Court of Human Rights has considered that a State should provide an adequate regulatory scheme concerning the right to choose in matters of child delivery (at home or in a hospital). In the context of homebirth, regarded as a matter of personal choice of the mother, this implies that the mother is entitled to a legal and institutional environment that enables her choice. This contribution stresses in which sense the regulatory schemes in the Member States Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, France and the UK concerning the choice of child delivery are in accordance with Article 8 ECHR, the right to respect for the private life. Do the Member States provide the legal certainty to a mother that the midwife can legally assist a homebirth? Or are restrictions made in interests of public health?

Media Ethics: Ethical Values in Journalism

IMS Manthan (The Journal of Innovations) ◽

10.18701/imsmanthan.v9i1and2.5175 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1and2) ◽

Author(s):

Debjani Roy

Keyword(s):

Freedom Of Expression ◽

Public Support ◽

Ethical Behaviour ◽

Media Ethics ◽

Public Authorities ◽

Healthy Working ◽

The Media ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Right ◽

Free Media

Ethics are rules of conduct or principles of morality that points us towards the right or best way to act in a situation. These ethical principles are based on western thought. These principles provide a framework for analysing what is proper for examining choices and for justifying our actions. Moreover, principles are frequently formulated in rather vague and ambiguous terms. Now confronting a dilemma, professional journalism is face-to-face with ethical journalism. The ethical journalism initiative acknowledges that freedom of the media, free flow of information without the interference of public authorities is fundamental to the development of free society. The ethical journalism reaffirms adherence to the principles of freedom of expression. The ethical journalism initiative recognises the vital concept of free media in this respect. Nowadays with globalization the definition of media ethics is changing with the changing time. To get public support media has to work free of bias and independent in its approach for healthy working of the system. It should be transparent with ethical behaviour.

Convention Bureau as an Institution Reducing Transaction Costs in the Meetings Industry

Folia Turistica ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0010.4023 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 40 (0) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Natalia Piechota

Keyword(s):

Transaction Costs ◽

Theoretical Study ◽

Institutional Arrangement ◽

Institutional Arrangements ◽

Review Of Literature ◽

Short Period ◽

The Right ◽

The Impact ◽

Practical Implications

Purpose. The aim of this paper is to identify the transaction costs in the meetings industry and to state, howa convention bureau can reduce these costs. Methods. The analysis of the transaction costs in the meetings industry and the impact of the convention bureau on them was based on a review of literature. Findings. A onvention bureau mostly influences the market and public transaction costs as an institution forming an institutional arrangement and creating the institutional environment. The convention bureau has the strongest impact on reducing transaction costs at the first stage – before winning the right fo ar city to host a meeting and making transactions. Research and conclusions limitations. The findings were based on analysis of literature, therefore, the results require empirical verification. Practical implications. Identification of transaction costs will help to understand processes in the meetings industry and enable comparison of different institutional arrangements, considering the convention bureau’s activity. It is particularly important in Poland, where these institutions have been operating for a relatively short period of time, and their forms and actions have not yet been regulated by law. Originality. There are many publications considering transaction costs in tourism and none about this problem in the meetings industry. Therefore, this paper fills the the knowledge gap regarding the presented topic. Type of paper. A theoretical study.

O Direito ao Desenvolvimento Individual no Mercado: Uma Abordagem ao Desempenho das Instituições Jurídicas para sua Efetivação

Cadernos do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito – PPGDir /UFRGS ◽

10.22456/2317-8558.58973 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Guilherme Helfenberger Cassi ◽

Ricardo Serrano Osorio

Keyword(s):

Personal Development ◽

Structural Changes ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Individual Development ◽

Legal Institutions ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

International Treaties ◽

Right To Development ◽

O DIREITO AO DESENVOLVIMENTO INDIVIDUAL NO MERCADO: UMA ABORDAGEM AO DESEMPENHO DAS INSTITUIÇÕES JURÍDICAS PARA SUA EFETIVAÇÃO THE RIGHT TO PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT WITHIN THE MARKET: AN APPROACH TO THE PERFORMANCE OF LEGAL INSTITUTIONS FOR ITS EFFECTIVITY Guilherme Helfenberger Cassi*Ricardo Serrano Osorio** RESUMO: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o referencial teórico do direito ao desenvolvimento individual, especificamente sobre sua coroação enquanto direito humano amplamente reconhecido em diversos tratados internacionais da matéria. Diferenciando entre crescimento e desenvolvimento, destaca-se, que o direito ao desenvolvimento tem como principal personagem o próprio indivíduo, o qual deve ser o sujeito beneficiado e o promotor das transformações estruturais em prol de uma melhor qualidade de vida e maximização da riqueza conforme ao princípio da dignidade humana. Nessa linha, diante de todos os ferramentais que podem contribuir para um quadro desenvolvimentista, elege-se a teoria das instituições jurídicas para demonstrar a sua contribuição na efetivação do direito ao desenvolvimento individual no mercado em tempos de modernidade. Portanto, o resultado da pesquisa busca ressaltar como as instituições jurídicas contribuem ao fortalecimento do direito ao desenvolvimento individual como consequência da influência das liberdades e do ambiente institucional que permeiam uma maior maximização tanto do bem-estar quanto da riqueza individual. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Direito ao desenvolvimento. Individualidade. Instituições jurídicas. Efetivação dos direitos. Bem-estar social. ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze the theoretical framework of the right to individual development, specifically its coronation as a widely recognized human right in several international treaties. By the contrast between growth and development, it was emphasized that the right to development has as main character the individual, which must be the benefited subject and the promoter of structural changes towards a better quality of life and wealth maximization, according to the principle of human dignity. In this sense, giving the existence of many social tools that can contribute to a framework of development, this paper aims to analyze the theory of legal institutions to demonstrate their contribution to actualize the right to individual development within the market in modern times. Therefore, this research seeks to highlight how legal institutions contribute to the strengthening of the right to individual development, as a result of the influence of freedom and favorable institutional environment, which allow a maximization of individual welfare and wealth. KEYWORDS: Right to development. Individuality. Legal institutions. Enforcement of rights. Social welfare. SUMÁRIO: Introdução; 1 Ponto de partida: o que é desenvolvimento? 2 Alcances do direito ao desenvolvimento. 3 O direito ao desenvolvimento individual. 4 A efetivação do direito ao desenvolvimento individual através das instituições jurídicas. Conclusão. Referências.* Doutorando em Direito Econômico e Socioambiental na Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR). Mestre em Direito Econômico e Socioambiental pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR). Professor de Direito na Faculdade Dom Bosco.** Doutorando em Direito, com ênfase em Direito Minerário Ambiental, na Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Mestre em Direito Econômico e Socioambiental pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC-PR). Mestre em Direito Ambiental pela Universidade de Caxias do Sul (UCS). Professor convidado do curso de especialização em Direito e Economia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS).

Article 51’s Reporting Requirement as a Space for Legal Argument and Factfulness

Necessity and Proportionality in International Peace and Security Law ◽

10.1093/oso/9780197537374.003.0008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 221-244

Author(s):

Larissa van den Herik

Keyword(s):

Security Council ◽

Use Of Force ◽

Legal Argument ◽

Self Defense ◽

Reporting Requirements ◽

Reporting Requirement ◽

State Actor ◽

The Right ◽

Proportionality Principle

Uncertainties continue to exist as regards the function, contents, and application of the proportionality principle in the context of the right to self-defense. Similarly, it has been suggested that the principle of necessity gains new meaning in the context of non-state actor self-defense as it provides the basis for an unwilling/unable test, but this test remains disputed. While appreciating the wealth of scholarly writings on these ad bellum principles, this chapter aims to reflect on how states can be pulled into the conversation more clearly with a view to clarifying the law. It explores how more space can be created for legal argument and factfulness in use of force discourse by states. Specifically, the chapter seeks to enhance necessity and proportionality discourse through the strengthening of U.N. Security Council reporting structures. Building on ideas to “proceduralize Article 51,” the chapter suggests the development of reporting requirements for any use of force on the basis of a duty to explain. It also proposes a more comprehensive architectural rethinking of the institutional environment in which adherence to and application of the necessity and proportionality principles are tested and contested.

CREATIVE ACTION FOR CHANGE - Conference report: Strategies for non-violence in education

South African Crime Quarterly ◽

10.17159/2413-3108/2014/v0i47a800 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Geoff Harris Harris ◽

Crispin Hemson ◽

Sylvia Kaye

Keyword(s):

South African ◽

Conference Report ◽

Ethical Behaviour ◽

Ample Evidence ◽

Significant Difference ◽

South African Education ◽

The Many ◽

The Right ◽

Strategies For Change ◽

Violence In Education

There is ample evidence of the persistence of violence at all levels of the South African education system. Working on the assumption that change will require active collaboration across all sectors, three organisations held a conference in Durban to sustain work towards non-violence. This article reports the process of working from an understanding of the nature and extent of such violence to a review of current projects and programmes to address it, and finally to a collaborative process in developing strategies for change. Research presented gave considerable insight into how violence operates and how interventions can make a significant difference. Two key disconnects were identified – the gap between the values advocated in policies and those actually experienced, and the failure to see humans as simultaneously physical, spiritual, emotional and cognitive. Learners challenged the practice of tolerating violence as a norm and insisted on the right to learn in conditions of safety. Practitioners demonstrated a range of innovative interventions through presentations and experiential learning. The strategies placed strong emphasis on ways of fostering positive values and ethical behaviour in education, and on promoting the many ways in which people can take creative action for change.

The Politics of Manufactured Crisis

Intersections ◽

10.17356/ieejsp.v5i3.522 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Miklós Sebők

Keyword(s):

Republican Party ◽

Extended Period ◽

Tea Party Movement ◽

Strategic Approach ◽

Veto Points ◽

Political Entrepreneurs ◽

Constitutional System ◽

It is a widely used assumption in the literature on political decision-making that leaders ‘choose their battles’ according to their interests. This strategic approach often results in seemingly ‘fake crises’; crises which are – as opposed to natural disasters – not exogenous in nature. These crises are exceptional in that they are avoidable and are the product of political entrepreneurs following deliberate agendas. In this paper, the logic of crisis manufacturing is illustrated by a case study of the ‘fiscal wars’ of 2011–2013. The case study shows how, given the right institutional environment, political entrepreneurs, even those outside the political mainstream, can use crisis manufacturing to their advantage. In order to exploit the institutional veto points related to fiscal policy in the U.S. constitutional system, various actors associated with the Republican Party and the Tea Party movement used a networked, coalition-based approach to reach these goals. Although their quest to instill a regime of fiscal conservatism was eventually unsuccessful, they did manage to raise their national profile and set the policy agenda for an extended period.