Public and Private Decision Making: The Value of Diversity in News

2009 ◽  
pp. 96-112
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public And Private

scholarly journals Exploring patterns in psychiatric outpatients’ preferences for involvement in decision-making: a latent class analysis approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingunn Mundal ◽  
Mariela Loreto Lara-Cabrera ◽  
Moisés Betancort ◽  
Carlos De las Cuevas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Psychological Reactance ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatients ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Healthcare Settings

Abstract Background Shared decision-making (SDM), a collaborative approach that includes and respects patients’ preferences for involvement in decision-making about their treatment, is increasingly advocated. However, in the practice of clinical psychiatry, implementing SDM seems difficult to accomplish. Although the number of studies related to psychiatric patients’ preferences for involvement is increasing, studies have largely focused on understanding patients in public mental healthcare settings. Thus, investigating patient preferences for involvement in both public and private settings is of particular importance in psychiatric research. The objectives of this study were to identify different latent class typologies of patient preferences for involvement in the decision-making process, and to investigate how patient characteristics predict these typologies in mental healthcare settings. Methods We conducted latent class analysis (LCA) to identify groups of psychiatric outpatients with similar preferences for involvement in decision-making to estimate the probability that each patient belonged to a certain class based on sociodemographic, clinical and health belief variables. Results The LCA included 224 consecutive psychiatric outpatients’ preferences for involvement in treatment decisions in public and private psychiatric settings. The LCA identified three distinct preference typologies, two collaborative and one passive, accounting for 78% of the variance. Class 1 (26%) included collaborative men aged 34–44 years with an average level of education who were treated by public services for a depressive disorder, had high psychological reactance, believed they controlled their disease and had a pharmacophobic attitude. Class 2 (29%) included collaborative women younger than 33 years with an average level of education, who were treated by public services for an anxiety disorder, had low psychological reactance or health control belief and had an unconcerned attitude toward medication. Class 3 (45%) included passive women older than 55 years with lower education levels who had a depressive disorder, had low psychological reactance, attributed the control of their disease to their psychiatrists and had a pharmacophilic attitude. Conclusions Our findings highlight how psychiatric patients vary in pattern of preferences for treatment involvement regarding demographic variables and health status, providing insight into understanding the pattern of preferences and comprising a significant advance in mental healthcare research.

Global Administrative Law: A Transnational Perspective

2021 ◽  
pp. 156-178
Author(s):  
Karl-Heinz Ladeur
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Actors

The most important phenomena attributable to the project of “global administrative law” (GAL) consists of rules, principles, practices, or procedures that have a more informal character and are generated from networks of public and private actors. The main characteristics of those rules is that they tend to be generated below the level of formal international treaties and that norm production occurs—at least in part—outside traditional formal modes of decision-making. However, some GAL norms including standards on products and services in particular, can have far reaching consequences as their factual weight is much more influential than domestic norms. GAL also develops new forms of procedure (e.g., voting) that are different from traditional international forms.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF FUZZY DELPHI METHOD ON WOMEN AS DECISION MAKER LEADERSHIP SELF-EFFICACY AND LEADERSHIP SKILL’S ITEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (16) ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Nuha Abdullah ◽  
Norasmah Othman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Leadership Skills ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Fuzzy Delphi Method ◽  
Fuzzy Delphi ◽  
Women In Decision Making

The policy of 30% women representation as decision-makers in Malaysia has not been achieved even in 2021. This is due to the lack of women in decision-making positions in the public and private sectors. There are two factors for the lack of women in decision-making positions; leadership self-efficacy and leadership skills. In order to fulfil the policy of 30% women representation in decision-making positions, empirical research should be carried out to measure the level of leadership self-efficacy and leadership skills among female government officers who hold positions of Grade 48 and above. A research instrument that consists of items that measure leadership self-efficacy and leadership skills has been developed. A content validity process was carried out to ensure that the items would measure the dimensions that need to be measured. Hence, this study applied the Fuzzy Delphi Method (FDM) in order to obtain experts’ consensus regarding the items that are relevant in measuring the dimensions of leadership self-efficacy and leadership skills of women as decision-makers. 14 expert panelists were involved in this research and all of the data collected were analysed using the FDM. Results of the analysis showed that 30 items developed for the leadership self-efficacy dimension and 25 items developed for the leadership skills dimension fulfilled the required conditions which are the threshold (d) ≤ 0.2, the value α-cut ≥ 0.5, and over 75% expert panelists’ consensus. It is hoped that the research results would lead to the innovation of applying the FDM in determining the content validity of the items developed in measuring dimensions such as measuring the dimensions of leadership self-efficacy and leadership skills among women.

scholarly journals A Voyage of Esprit-De-Corps: A Sectorial Comparison

2019 ◽  
Vol IV (II) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Tabassum Naz ◽  
Allah Bakhsh Malik ◽  
Marium Din
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
T Test ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Leadership Communication ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Esprit-De-Corps encompasses cohesion, loyalty and unity within an organization. The study is focused on the existing threads of EspritDe-Corps and its comparison in public and private sector universities. A sample of 533 faculty members was taken. The team STTEPS (T-TAQ) questionnaire was adapted for collecting the data. The data was analyzed through Percentage, mean and t-test. It was concluded that the strands of Esprit-De-Corps are more prevalent in private sector universities. It is recommended that faculty members may be involved in decision making process and trainings pertaining to leadership, communication and other live skills may be imparted.

A Fuzzy Decision-Making Model for the Key Performance Indicators of Hospital Service Quality Evaluation

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melih Yucesan ◽  
Suleyman Mete ◽  
Muhammet Gul ◽  
Erkan Celik
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Medical Staff ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Hospital Service ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Service Quality Evaluation ◽  
Public And Private Hospitals ◽  
Decision Making Model

One of the major concerns of the healthcare industry throughout the world is to provide better hospital service quality. Management and delivery of hospital healthcare services are achieved in a competitive environment in Turkey. For this reason, to make better decisions, the services provided by the public and private hospitals should be monitored and evaluated according to the viewpoint of medical stakeholders. This chapter presents a cause-and-effect, decision-making model in evaluating hospital service quality criteria. Since the decision-making process involves the vagueness of human judgments, a combination of fuzzy sets and decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is used. Results of the study demonstrate that medical equipment level of the hospital, the attitude of nurses and medical staff to patients, pharmacists' advice on medicine preservation, medical staff with professional abilities, outpatient waiting time for medical treatment, and number and quality of the bathrooms available have more impact on the entire hospital service quality. In conclusion, the proposed approach will contribute to better providing of healthcare services at a higher quality level.

The Magic of Immigration Enforcement: Discretion, Order and Policing

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-101
Author(s):  
Ana Aliverti
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
State Power ◽  
World Order ◽  
Immigration Enforcement ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Sovereign State ◽  
Relations Of Power ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
Peculiar Nature ◽  
Long Chain

This chapter examines the peculiar nature of immigration decision-making. Removal and deportation are state coercive acts that require the acquiescence of another sovereign state and often involve complex bilateral negotiations by parties in asymmetrical relations of power. As such they are truly international acts that demand careful coordination and interdependence between various actors and institutions. They place immigration officers at the receiving end of a long chain that connects various institutional actors across public and private domains spanning the local, the national, and the global. The peculiarity of immigration enforcement relates to the framework in which officers exercise discretion: a framework structured around a combination of variables over which they have little or no control, a game of chance or a lottery. Officers figuratively gesture at the magical powers of immigration enforcement to solve policing problems. The notion of magic attests to the attractions of immigration powers for everyday policing, as well as the random, capricious, informal, and arbitrary ways in which state power operates. The fragile, ever-changing grounds on which immigration staff make decisions reflects the challenges of state power to spatialize its authority in a transnational world order. By examining the imbrications of state power and magic, this chapter argues that immigration enforcement casts doubt on the presumed rationality of state bureaucracy and authority, exposing its arbitrariness as well as its limits.

Knowledge Management Systems Characteristics That Support Knowledge Sharing and Decision-Making Processes in Organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 182-200
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdelrahman ◽  
Firas Masri ◽  
Dimitra Skoumpopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Knowledge Sharing ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Knowledge Management Systems ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Management Decision Making

With the advent of the knowledge economy and the growing importance of knowledge societies, organizations are constantly seeking new ways of leveraging and sharing knowledge to support decision-making (DM) processes. This chapter presents an initial insight to the little-researched phenomenon of how knowledge management systems (KMSs) can facilitate knowledge sharing (KS) to support DM processes in organizations. In this chapter, authors aim to extend the existing literature of knowledge management, decision making, and knowledge sharing by proposing a new conceptual framework, namely “ECUA” (easiness, communication, unification, and analytics characteristics). In this study, 42 semi-structured interviews have been conducted. The proposed conceptual framework will benefit managers in both public and private sectors in finding new ways of leveraging and sharing knowledge to support DM processes via using KMSs. This framework can be used to explore KMSs characteristics that can support DM processes by facilitating knowledge sharing in organizations.

scholarly journals Exploration of Silence's Motives Towards the Work Decisions: The Case of Jordanian Public and Private Schools

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Osama Khaled Alkhlaifat
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Human Resources Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Last Stage

The aim of this study has been to investigate and provide a deeper understanding of the motives of silence towards the participation in the work-related decisions, in both the public and private schools in the Jordanian capital (Amman). ‘100’ teachers were interviewed using the semi-structured interviews through the available communication means. The pre-set questions were directed to the sample of the study to identify both the situations related to the decisions and motives leading to silence and non-participation from the respondents' point of view. The motives were classified according to the factors to which they belong, as well as the situations were classified according to each stage of the decision-making process, where some specialists in the field of human resources management had been asked to help in accomplishing the classification. The results showed that the largest percentage of respondents faced at least one situation in which they chose to remain silent. Most of the situations mentioned were related to the first and last stage of decision-making process (identifying the problem and following up the decision). The results also showed that most of the motives were related to the organizational practices by the officials, where the total iteration is twice as the personal motives.

scholarly journals Journey of the Patient With Melanoma: Understanding Resource Use and Bridging the Gap Between Dermatologist, Surgeon, and Oncologist in Different Health Care Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Cássia Rita Pereira da Veiga ◽  
Claudimar Pereira da Veiga ◽  
Ana Paula Drummond-Lage ◽  
Alberto Julius Alves Wainstein ◽  
Andreia Cristina de Melo
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Care Systems

PURPOSE New scientific evidence has led to modifications in the clinical practice of handling melanoma. In health care systems, there is currently a wide variety of clinical procedures to treat cancer, and the various routes have different effects on the survival of patients with cancer. Thus, this article aimed to evaluate the journey of patients with melanoma in the public and private health care systems in Brazil from the viewpoint of different medical professionals involved in the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. The study also considers the resources used for the complete delivery cycle of health care at different stages of the evolution of melanoma. METHODS We conducted a behavioral study by applying a questionnaire to a group of medical professionals. A nonprobabilistic sampling method for convenience was used, justified by the heterogeneous national incidence and the limited availability of medical professionals who diagnose and treat melanoma. RESULTS The questionnaire was answered by 138 doctors, including doctors from the Brazilian states with the highest concentration of medical specialists and regions with a higher melanoma incidence. The results of this study have the potential to enrich our understanding of the reality of Brazilian health care systems and, at the same time, allow us to discuss the multiple ways in which professionals from diverse specialist fields understand and explain decision making in health care. CONCLUSION Health care decision making is complex and, among other factors, depends on the diversity of available health resources and the knowledge of which treatments provide the greatest benefit to patients and greatest value to the system as a whole. This work can inform debates and reflection that are applicable not only in Brazil, but also in various other countries with similar realities.

Underlying values and competencies of public and private sector managers

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean D. Darling ◽  
J. Barton Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Critical Incident ◽  
Visionary Leadership ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public And Private Sector

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify unique values and competencies linked to private and public sector environments. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on critical incident interviews with a sample of senior leaders who had experience in both the public and private sectors. Findings The findings illustrate distinct public and private sector relevant competencies that reflect the unique values of their organizations and the character of the organization’s environments. This paper suggests a range of distinct public sector competencies including: managing competing interests, managing the political environment, communicating in a political environment, interpersonal motivational skills, adding value for clients, and impact assessment in decision-making. These were very different than those identified as critical for the private sector environment: business acumen, visionary leadership, marketing communication, market acumen, interpersonal communication, client service, and timely and opportunistic decision-making. Private sector competencies reflect private sector environments where goals need to be specifically defined and implemented in a timely manner related to making a profit and surviving in a competitive environment. Public sector competencies are driven by environments exhibiting more complex and unresolvable problems and the need to respond to conflicting publics and serving the public good while surviving in a political environment. Originality/value A key message of this study is that competency frameworks need to be connected to the organization’s unique environments and the values that managers are seeking to achieve. This is particularly important for public organizations that have more complex and changing environments.

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