scholarly journals Opinion-related difficulties related to severe injuries of the facial and cerebral parts of the skull resulting from punching

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Piotr Tomasz Arkuszewski ◽  
Ewa Meissner ◽  
Małgorzata Zielińska ◽  
Piotr Hadrowicz
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Bodily Harm ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Grievous Bodily Harm ◽  
The Face ◽  
Facial Area ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Blood Aspiration ◽  
Legal Classification

Aim: Comparison of injuries to the facial and cerebral parts of the skull causing death and grievous bodily harm, resulting solely from punches to the facial area of the skull. Assessment and confrontation of both groups in terms of the final criminal-legal classification of the perpetrator’s acts. Review of reasons for court judgements with a focus on the subjective elements of the prohibited act. Attempt to verify the hypothesis assuming that death or grievous bodily harm can be caused by a single punch to the facial part of the skull. Material and methods: Final judgements passed by criminal divisions of common courts of law in cases where death or grievous bodily harm was caused by injuries to the facial and cerebral parts of the skull resulting solely from punches to the facial area of the skull. Assessment of individual cases within each group to determine similarities and differences. Comparative analysis of both groups. Results: The cause of death in cases involving injuries to the facial part of the skull was rapid suffocation following blood aspiration into the respiratory tract. However, the criminal-legal classification of the perpetrators’ actions in these cases was varied. In one case, death resulted from injuries to the cerebral part of the skull, which are extremely rare as a result of a punch to the facial area within the skull. Grievous bodily harm was due to the loss of vision in the eye, typically due to eyeball rupture. Conclusions: Even though the circumstances of the injuries were similar, different mechanisms were responsible for causing death and grievous bodily harm in the victims. The most severe consequences (death and grievous bodily harm) were not caused by injuries of the same type in any of the cases studied. A single punch to the facial part of the skull may be enough to lead to either grievous bodily harm or death, but the criminal-legal assessment of punching to the face can vary greatly.

scholarly journals Comparative Characteristics of the Constitutional and Legal Status of the Senior Official of the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation – the Cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
M.A. Volochkovskaya ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Constituent Entity ◽  
Senior Official ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The article provides a theoretical and comparative analysis of the constitutional and legal status of the senior official of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation — the cities of Moscow and St. Petersburg. The author highlighted the main elements of the constitutional and legal status of a senior official of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation, the classification of which became the basis for the proposed methodology for a comparative analysis of the statuses of senior officials of cities of federal significance (Moscow and St. Petersburg) in the context of regional norms. A comparative analysis based on the proposed methodology led to conclusions about the similarities and differences in the constitutional and legal statuses of the Moscow Mayor and the Governor of St. Petersburg.

scholarly journals Accounting systems in Croatia, Poland, and Slovakia – a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 109 (165) ◽  
pp. 193-214
Author(s):  
Beata Zyznarska-Dworczak ◽  
Ivana Mamić Sačer ◽  
Daša Mokošová
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Accounting Standards ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
The Face ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Purpose: This paper provides a comparative analysis of accounting systems in three Central and East-ern European countries − Croatia, Poland, and Slovakia. The main goal of the paper is to contribute to the understanding of the main differences and their main economic, historical, and cultural reasons. Methodology/approach: The research based on a comparative analysis of Croatian, Polish, and Slovak accounting regulations allows for the identification of important differences in accounting standards, despite the geopolitical proximity of the analysed countries and their Slavic roots. Findings: The paper demonstrates that the economic differences between the countries may influence the development of their accounting systems. Our empirical research also reveals that accession to the European Union had a significant impact on the development of accounting in these countries. Moreover, our research verified whether cultural differences influence accounting systems and financial reporting in the analyzed coun-tries. Originality/value: The similarities and differences in accounting systems indicated in this paper may help regulators assess real opportunities to harmonize accounting regulations in the member states of the European Union in the face of economic and cultural factors.

A Comparative Analysis of Two Qualitative Methods: Deciding Between Grounded Theory and Phenomenology for Your Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Masoodi Marjan
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Historical Development ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Applied Approach ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Research Students

Abstract The purpose of this article is to compare two qualitative approaches that can be used in different researches: phenomenology and grounded theory. This overview is done to (1) summarize similarities and differences between these two approaches, with attention to their historical development, goals, methods, audience, and products (2) familiarize the researchers with the origins and details of these approaches in the way that they can make better matches between their research question(s) and the goals and products of the study (3) discuss a brief outline of each methodology along with their origin, essence and procedural steps undertaken (4) illustrate how the procedures of data analysis (coding), theoretical memoing and sampling are applied to systematically generate a grounded theory (5) briefly examine the major challenges for utilizing two approaches in grounded theory, the Glaserian and Straussian. As a conclusion, this overview reveals that it is essential to ensure that the method matches the research question being asked, helps the researchers determine the suitability of their applied approach and provides a continues training for the novice researchers, especially PhD or research students who lack solid knowledge and background experience in multiple research methods.

Research of methods of protecting organizations from inimical mergers and acquisitions

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-45
Author(s):  
O.A. Naydis ◽  
I.O. Naydis
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mergers And Acquisitions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Preventive Methods

The article considers the types, forms, mechanisms and classification of mergers and acquisitions, identifies their positive effects, and studies the tactics of acquisitions. The analysis of anti-capture measures: active and preventive methods of protection against hostile mergers and acquisitions. A comparative analysis of anti-capture measures with acquisitions tactics was carried out, the advantages and disadvantages of their application were identified.

Review and classification of false information systems (FIS)

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
M.A. Kobilev ◽  
E.S. Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
False Information

The article considers false information systems and conducts their comparative analysis, considering the tasks that they perform, which technologies rely on, and what role is played in protecting information when they are used. The goal is to identify relevant false information systems, to formulate criteria in accordance with which classification is carried out. The problems of false information systems are identified, further work in this topic is determined.

A Sociology of Knowledge on Humanitarianism and Displacement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estella Carpi ◽  
Elena Fiddian-Qasmiyeh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Sociology Of Knowledge ◽  
Global South ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
East Region ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Postcolonial History ◽  
Middle East Region

In this chapter, the authors endeavor to build a sociology of knowledge of studies conducted on humanitarianism and war-induced displacement in the Middle East region, considering the cases of Lebanon, Jordan, Egypt, and Turkey in particular. A comparative analysis suggests that similarities and differences across the literature are not always motivated by specific forms of state governmentality. In this framework, postcolonial history seems to provide partial explanations. As a result, the displacement and humanitarianism literature need to transcend the state paradigm and focus on a larger variety of social and political factors. While most scholars have examined the work of the United Nations and of international institutions in the region, the authors highlight the need to learn from multilingual literature, especially that produced in the Global South, and from a deeper investigation of the principles and modalities of crisis management developed by actors from the Global South.

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