scholarly journals The use of video camera to create metric 3D model of engineering objects

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
Nicholas Batakanwa ◽  
Tomasz Lipecki
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Field Research ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Speed Up

The article presents the possibilities of using a video camera to create a 3D metric model of engineering objects using Agisoft and CloudCompare software. Traditional photogrammetry technique does not always match up with production urgency needed by the market. Complexity is seen when used in huge objects leading to rise of cost, time and tediousness of the work. The use of Video Camera technique here termed as videogrammetry technique is comparable to taking pictures, however, it allows to speed up the process of obtaining data, which in many cases is a key element in anyb any project or research. The analysis of the quality of 3D modelling of the three filmed objects was performed, which allowed the authors to refine the procedure for acquiring images for spatial analyses. The applied technique of “videogrammetry” is comparable to taking pictures, but allows the data acquisition process to speed up, which in many cases is a key element in field research. 3D objects videos from no-metric camera were processed by Agisoft Metashape. To be able to assess the accuracy of the videogrammetry data, a well-established Laser scanner technique’s data was used for comparison. The laser scanner data were pre-processed in Autodesk Recap. Manual registration was performed utilizing 14 points from the three scans. The two 3D models were exported to CloudCompare software for comparison and further analysis. An analysis of the quality of 3D modelling of the three objects filmed was performed, which allowed refining the procedure for obtaining images for spatial analysis. The article presents the possibilities of using a non-metric mobile phone video camera “videogrammetry” to create a metric 3D model of engineering objects using Agisoft and CloudCompare software. In CloudCompare a registration, cloud to cloud (C2C) and profile to profile analysis was performed to determine the uncertainty of the 3D model produced from videogrammetry data determined as distance of separation between the two models. Results show average distance of separation between laser scanner and videogrammetry derived 3D model point cloud to be 34cm, the average profile separation was 25 cm in XY plane and 1.9 cm in Z-plane. Using Cloud to Cloud PCV the average difference of 84 cm was determined.

Low Cost Methods Used to Create 3D Models

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Chmurzynska ◽  
Karolina Hejbudzka ◽  
Andrzej Dumalski
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Kinect Sensor ◽  
Applied Technology ◽  
Gaming Environment

During the last years the softwares and applications that can produce 3D models using low-cost methods have become very popular. What is more, they can be successfully competitive with the classical methods. The most wellknown and applied technology used to create 3D models has been laser scanning so far. However it is still expensive because of the price of the device and software. That is why the universality and accessibility of this method is very limited. Hence, the new low cost methods of obtaining the data needed to generate 3D models appeare on the market and creating 3D models have become much easier and accessible to a wider group of people. Because of their advantages they can be competitive with the laser scanning. One of the methods uses digital photos to create 3D models. Available software allows us to create a model and object geometry. Also very popular in the gaming environment device – Kinect Sensor can be successfully used as a different method to create 3D models. This article presents basic issues of 3D modelling and application of various devices, which are commonly used in our life and they can be used to generate a 3D model as well. Their results are compared with the model derived from the laser scanning. The acquired results with graphic presentations and possible ways of applications are also presented in this paper.

Augmented Reality Aided 3D Modelling

2014 ◽  
Vol 1036 ◽  
pp. 1037-1040
Author(s):  
Radu Emanuil Petruse ◽  
Ioan Bondrea ◽  
Marco Sacco ◽  
Stefano Mottura
Keyword(s):  
Augmented Reality ◽  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Spatial Visualization ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Technical Drawing

The purpose of the article is to introduce possibilities of using Augmented Reality instructions in order to better understand technical drawings. The aim of these instructions based on 3D models is to create AR training applications and analyze their impact on the users. These instructions consist in a 3D model, superimposed over the technical drawing. The AR application also offers step by step instructions for 3D modelling in CAD software, which are very useful in creating the 3D model starting from a technical drawing. The AR application was tested by students from the Faculty of Engineering in Sibiu, obtaining great improvements in their 3D modelling times. The results of a survey that the students completed reveal that the AR modelling instructions also aids their spatial visualization capability.

scholarly journals Development of a method for improving the accuracy of measurement of linear measures of 3D models via scanning

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2(62)) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kvasnikov ◽  
Dmytro Ornatskyi ◽  
Valerii Dostavalov
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Photogrammetric Method ◽  
Real Size ◽  
Definition Of

The object of research is to refine the linear sizes of the obtained 3D models via scanning, and reducing the numbers of errors when obtaining the model. For now, there is no accuracy method for transferring the actual sizes of an object to a 3D model. One of the most problematic places in the existing methods of transferring sizes from the object to the model is the error in the placement of dimensional markers due to inaccuracy, or poor quality of the received surface via scanning. A model of the instrument complex is used to implement an improved method of 3D scanning, based on the photogrammetric method. The advanced technology of construction and measurement of 3D models on the basis of photos on the principle of stereo pairs in combination with image projection is based on a combination of existing scanning methods. As well as the introduction of new functionalities, such as maintaining the actual sizes of an object, its textures, color and light characteristics, as well as improving the accuracy of linear sizes. As a result of the use of a standard, reference projections, and a new method of comparing photographs to build a 3D model, a 60 % increase in the accuracy of linear dimensions was achieved. This is due to the fact that the proposed new combined method incorporates all the existing most important aspects of scanning. And also has a number of features, such as the definition of boundary surfaces, automatic sizing, detection, and processing of glass and mirror surfaces. Due to this, this method eliminates the main disadvantages of the usual photogrammetric method – inaccuracies in the surface quality of the models, and inaccuracies in the transfer of linear dimensions. It is estimated that the combined method will allow to transfer the real size of simple objects in 3D with an accuracy of 99.97 % of the actual size of the object. It will also improve the quality of complex surfaces (boundary, glass, mirror) by at least 40–60 %, compared to other existing methods.

scholarly journals Examination of Scanner Precision by Analysing Orthodontic Parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nemanja Majstorović ◽  
Luka Čerče ◽  
Davorin Kramar ◽  
Mirko Soković ◽  
Branislav Glišić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
3D Models ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
3D Scanner

Summary Background: 3D modelling in orthodontics is becoming an increasingly widespread technique in practice. One of the significant questions already being asked is related to determining the precision of the scanner used for generating surfaces on a 3D model of the jaw. Materials and methods: This research was conducted by generating a set of identical 3D models on Atos optical 3D scanner and Lazak Scan laboratory scanner, which precision was established by measuring a set of orthodontic parameters (54 overall) in all three orthodontic planes. In this manner we explored their precision in space, since they are used for generating spatial models – 3D jaws. Results: There were significant differences between parameters scanned with Atos and Lazak Scan. The smallest difference was 0.017 mm, and the biggest 1.109 mm. Conclusion: This research reveals that both scanners (Atos and Lazak Scan), which belong to general purpose scanners, based on precision parameters can be used in orthodontics. Early analyses indicate that the reference scanner in terms of precision is Atos.

scholarly journals Applicability Assessments of Close-Range Photogrammetry for Slope Face 3D Modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Haqul Baramsyah ◽  
Less Rich
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Digital Photogrammetry ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Image Capturing ◽  
Close Range

The digital single lens reflex (DSLR) cameras have been widely accepted to use in slope face photogrammetry rather than the expensive metric camera used for aerial photogrammetry. 3D models generated from digital photogrammetry can approach those generated from terrestrial laser scanning in term of scale and level of detail. It is cost effective and has equipment portability. This paper presents and discusses the applicability of close-range digital photogrammetry to produce 3D models of rock slope faces. Five experiments of image capturing method were conducted to capture the photographs as the input data for processing. As a consideration, the appropriate baseline lengths to capture the slope face to get better result are around 1/6 to 1/8 of target distance.  A fine quality of 3D model from data processing is obtained using strip method and convergent method with 80% overlapping in each photograph. A random camera positions with different distances from the slope face can also generate a good 3D model, however the entire target should be captured in each photograph. The accuracy of the models is generated by comparing the 3D models produced from photogrammetry with the 3D data obtained from laser scanner. The accuracy of 3D models is quite satisfactory with the mean error range from 0.008 to 0.018 m.

scholarly journals 3D DOCUMENTATION OF FRAIL ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS USING LOW-COST INSTRUMENTATION

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W17 ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
V. Katsichti ◽  
G. Kontogianni ◽  
A. Georgopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Other ◽  
3D Documentation ◽  
Hand Image ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Suitable Processing

Abstract. In archaeological excavations, many small fragments or artefacts are revealed whose fine details sometimes should be captured in 3D. In general, 3D documentation methods fall into two main categories: Range-Based modelling and Image-Based modelling. In Range Based modelling, a laser scanner (Time of Flight, Structured light, etc.) is used for the raw data acquisition in order to create the 3D model of an object. The above method is accurate enough but is still very expensive in terms of equipment. On the other hand, Image-Based modelling, is affordable because the equipment required is merely a camera with the appropriate lens, and possibly a turntable and a tripod. In this case, the 3D model of an object is created by suitable processing of images which are taken around the object with a large overlap. In this paper, emphasis is given on the effectiveness of 3D models of frail archaeological finds originate from the palatial site of Ayios Vasileios in Laconia in the south-eastern Peloponnese, using low-cost equipment and methods. The 3D model is also produced using various, mainly freeware, hence low-cost, software and the results are compared to those from a well-established commercial one.

scholarly journals 3D modelling and measurements of historical violins

ACTA IMEKO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piercarlo Dondi ◽  
Luca Lombardi ◽  
Marco Malagodi ◽  
Maurizio Licchelli
Keyword(s):  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Test Set ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Crucial Information ◽  
Historical Violins

Measuring historical violins provides crucial information about the morphology of the instruments, useful both for researchers and violin makers. Generally, these measures are taken manually using a calliper, but they can be repeated only occasionally due to both the restricted access to these precious instruments and the need of avoiding accidental damages to the wood or to the varnishes. In this work, we describe and assess the accuracy of a protocol for the acquisition and creation of high quality 3D models of violins, suitable for taking accurate measurements. Six historical violins of 17th – 18th centuries, kept in “Museo del Violino” in Cremona (Italy), were used as test set. The quality of the final outcomes was checked comparing measures taken on the 3D meshes with the correspondent ones taken by calliper on the original instruments. Finally, a comparison between the sound board of the instruments were performed.

Advanced 3D Modeling and Simulation Techniques for Decommissioning of A-1 NPP

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavol Voza´r ◽  
Vladimi´r Sleza´k ◽  
Kamil Krava´rik
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
3D Modelling ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Selection Of

This paper deals with advanced 3D computer-aided technologies used for modelling and simulation for decommissioning purposes. Within the A-1 NPP decommissioning process a set of activities is needed to perform successful dismantling and decontamination of rooms and equipment. Optimal process of performance of D&D of underground storage tanks and auxiliary rooms were used on the base of simulation outputs. The mockup tests were performed before using remotely controlled manipulators. The human presence during decontamination and dismantling is case by case excluded due to the radiation safety and ALARA approach. Within Bohunice A-1 Decommissioning Project an advanced computer-aided technologies were/are developed and used. Modelling software packages EUCLID and 3Dipsos together with 3D-laser scanner SOISIC are used for creating of 3D models and also for the verification of as-built state of selected systems and facilities. Software IGRIP is used for computer simulations of all D&D tasks. The 3D modelling and simulation of selected rooms and technological equipment of the A-1 NPP are used consequently in the process of decommissioning preparation and implementation. 3D modelling for the verification and simulation of operating steps is presented in the paper and its contribution to avoiding of collisions and non-optimal interventions into the building and technological parts during performing particular works is evaluated. The application of 3D models for the verification and simulation of operating steps significantly contribute to the optimal planning of D&D procedures. Minimisation of occupation doses of realisation personnel is main reason why the 3D modelling and simulations are used. The paper also presented 3D models of rooms chosen to simulate specific operations (decontamination, handling of radioactive wastes and/or dismantling by remote controlled manipulators) without risk accident, high dose rates of personnel etc. Process of selection of optimal operating procedure for decontamination and dismantling is presented as well as achieved experiences and recommendations for further work.

scholarly journals Problems of Creation and Usage of 3D Model of Structures and Theirs Possible Solution

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Bartonek ◽  
Michal Buday
Keyword(s):  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Cad System ◽  
Building Models ◽  
Special Cad ◽  
Aided Design ◽  
The Church

This article describes problems that occur when creating three-dimensional (3D) building models. The first problem is geometric accuracy; the next is the quality of visualization of the resulting model. The main cause of this situation is that current Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software does not have sufficient means to precision mapping the measured data of a given object in field. Therefore the process of 3D model creation is mainly a relatively high proportion of manual work when connecting individual points, approximating curves and surfaces, or laying textures on surfaces. In some cases, it is necessary to generalize the model in the CAD system, which degrades the accuracy and quality of field data. The article analyzes these problems and then recommends several variants for their solution. There are described two basic methods: using topological codes in the list of coordinates points and creating new special CAD features while using Python scripts. These problems are demonstrated on examples of 3D models in practice. These are mainly historical buildings in different locations and different designs (brick or wooden structures). These are four sacral buildings in the Czech Republic (CR): the church of saints Johns of Brno-Bystrc, the Church of St. Paraskiva in Blansko, further the Strejc’s Church in Židlochovice, and Church of St. Peter in Alcantara in Karviná city. All of the buildings were geodetically surveyed by terrestrial method while using total station. The 3D model was created in both cases in the program AUTOCAD v. 18 and MicroStation.

scholarly journals INTEGRATION OF ACTIVE SENSORS FOR GEOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE CHAPEL OF THE HOLY SHROUD

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W15 ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Barba ◽  
A. di Filippo ◽  
M. Limongiello ◽  
B. Messina
Keyword(s):  
Laser System ◽  
Geometric Analysis ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Active Sensors ◽  
Survey Techniques ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Complex Process

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The digital acquisition of Cultural Heritage is a complex process, highly depending on the nature of the object as well as the purpose of its detection. Even if there are different survey techniques and sensors that allow the generation of realistic 3D models, defined by a good metric quality and a detail consistent with the geometric characteristics of the object, an interesting goal could be to develop a unified treatment of the methodologies. The Chapel of the Holy Shroud, with its intricate articulation, becomes the benchmark to test an integrated protocol between a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and a wearable mobile laser system (WMLS) based on a SLAM approach. In order to quantify the accuracy and precision of the latter solution, several forms of comparison are proposed. For the case study the ZEB-REVO, produced and marketed by GeoSLAM, is tested. Computations of cloud-to-cloud (C2C) absolute distances, comparisons of slices and extractions of planar features are performed, using stationary laser scanner (Faro Focus<sup>S</sup> S350) as a reference. Finally, the obtained results are reported, allowing us to assert that the quality of the WMLS measurements is compatible with the data provided by the manufacturer, thus making the instrumentation suitable for certain specific applications.</p>

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