scholarly journals Access to Health Care for English Division Students of the Medical University of Warsaw

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (2 (176)) ◽  
pp. 107-125
Author(s):  
Maria Strzemieczna ◽  
Mikołaj Pawlak ◽  
Jacek Imiela ◽  
Magdalena Lorkowska
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Language Problems ◽  
Original Survey ◽  
Medical University

Foreigners face certain barriers in accessing medical care, though international medical students are in many aspects privileged in this field. The aim of this study is to explore whether these students are facing problems in accessing healthcare. An original survey questionnaire was prepared and distributed online and on paper among students. In total 138 questionnaires were filled out. The results were analyzed using statistical methods. The main barriers faced by students are the lack of knowledge about the healthcare system and language problems. The study shows there is a need to start working on institutional solutions to provide information about access to healthcare and to overcome language barriers in healthcare institutions. * The article is part of a research project financed by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education. / Pracę wykonano w ramach Projektu Badawczego, finansowanego ze środków dotacji celowej MNiSzW.

scholarly journals Comparing Health Care Financial Burden With an Alternative Measure of Unaffordability

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 004695801773296
Author(s):  
Edward S. Kielb ◽  
Corwin N. Rhyan ◽  
James A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Costs ◽  
Health Plan ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Costs

Health insurance plans with high deductibles increase exposure to health care costs, raising concerns about how the growth in these plans may be impacting both the financial burden of health care expenditures on families and their access to health care. We find that foregoing medical care is common among low-income, privately insured families, occurring at a greater rate than those with higher incomes or Medicare coverage. To better understand the relationship between out-of-pocket (OOP) spending and access, we used the 2011-2014 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data and a logistic model to analyze the likelihood of avoiding or delaying needed medical care based on health insurance design and other individual and family characteristics. We find that avoiding or delaying medical care is strongly correlated with coverage under a high-deductible health plan, and with depression, poor perceived health, or poverty. However, it is relatively independent of the percent of income spent on OOP costs, making the percent of income spent on OOP costs by itself a poor measure of health care unaffordability. Individuals who spend a small percentage of their income on health care costs may still be extremely burdened by their health plan when financial concerns prevent access to health care. This work emphasizes the importance of insurance design as a predictor of access and the need to expand the definition of financial barriers to care beyond expenditures, particularly for the low-income, privately insured population.

How accessible is the Serbian health system? Main barriers and challenges ahead

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Hernandez-Quevedo ◽  
V Bjegovic-Mikanovic ◽  
M Vasic ◽  
D Vukovic ◽  
J Jankovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Underlying Causes

Abstract Background Access to health care is a key health policy issue faced by countries in the WHO European Region and Serbia is not an exception. There is increasing concern that financial and economic crisis may have delay progress regarding the performance of the Serbian health system. While substantial development has been experienced by the Serbian health system since 2000, we analyse whether barriers to health care access exist in the country and the underlying causes. Methods We combine quantitative and qualitative methods to assess the accessibility of the Serbian health system. We use the latest data available both at national (e.g. National Health Survey) and European (EUSILC) level to understand whether barriers to access exist and the underlying causes. On the qualitative side, we analyse the different policies implemented by the Serbian government to improve the accessibility of the health system in the last decade, identifying the challenges ahead for the country. Results We find that, in 2018, 5.8% of the Serbian population reported unmet need for medical care due to costs, travel distances or waiting lists, well above the EU28 average and much higher than in neighbouring countries. Financial constraints are reported to be the main reason for unmet needs for medical care. Long waiting times also impede the accessibility of health services in Serbia. Conclusions Serbia has a comprehensive universal health system with free access to health care, however, some vulnerable groups, such as those living in poverty or Roma people in settlements, have more barriers in accessing health care. It is expected that Serbia will continue to develop policies focused on reducing barriers to accessing health care and improving the efficiency of the health system, supported by international organisations and in the context of the EU accession negotiations. Key messages Some vulnerable groups have more barriers in accessing adequate care in Serbia. National initiatives are in place to increase access to the health system but there is scope for further work.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Health Care Use in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9351
Author(s):  
André Hajek ◽  
Freia De Bock ◽  
Lothar H. Wieler ◽  
Philipp Sprengholz ◽  
Benedikt Kretzler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Access To Healthcare ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Perceived Access

This paper examined the determinants of perceived access to health care use during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany using data from two waves (8 and 16) of the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO). Descriptive and regression analysis were used. In wave 8, we found that about 60% of the individuals rather disagreed about having had problems accessing medical care. Furthermore, 73% of the individuals rather disagreed to having experienced health deteriorations due to restrictions on the availability of medical care. Moreover, 85% of the individuals were rather optimistic about future access to healthcare services. Overall, slightly better past and future access to healthcare services has been reported in wave 16. Several determinants were identified in regression analysis. In conclusion, data suggest that perceived past and future access to healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic is reasonably good.

scholarly journals Perceived Access to Health Care Services and Relevance of Telemedicine during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7661
Author(s):  
Lukas Reitzle ◽  
Christian Schmidt ◽  
Francesca Färber ◽  
Lena Huebl ◽  
Lothar Heinz Wieler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Practitioner ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Perceived Access ◽  
The Impact

During the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany, non-pharmaceutical interventions were imposed to contain the spread of the virus. Based on cross-sectional waves in March, July and December 2020 of the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO), the present study investigated the impact of the introduced measures on the perceived access to health care. Additionally, for the wave in December, treatment occasion as well as utilization and satisfaction regarding telemedicine were analysed. For 18–74-year-old participants requiring medical care, descriptive and logistic regression analyses were performed. During the less strict second lockdown in December, participants reported more frequently ensured access to health care (91.2%) compared to the first lockdown in March (86.8%), but less frequently compared to July (94.2%) during a period with only mild restrictions. In December, main treatment occasions of required medical appointments were check-up visits at the general practitioner (55.2%) and dentist (36.2%), followed by acute treatments at the general practitioner (25.6%) and dentist (19.0%), treatments at the physio-, ergo- or speech therapist (13.1%), psychotherapist (11.9%), and scheduled hospital admissions or surgeries (10.0%). Of the participants, 20.0% indicated utilization of telemedical (15.4% telephone, 7.6% video) consultations. Of them, 43.7% were satisfied with the service. In conclusion, for the majority of participants, access to medical care was ensured during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, access slightly decreased during phases of lockdown. Telemedicine complemented the access to medical appointments.

scholarly journals REFORM OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN RUSSIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Mikhail G Karaylanov ◽  
Iliya T Rusev ◽  
Dmitriy N Borisov ◽  
Oleg Yu Bakanev ◽  
Igor G Prokin
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Gradual Transition ◽  
National Healthcare ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
High Level

Explore the historical domestic experience of primary health care to the population of major cities, the establishment of this type of medical care as the main and the largest national healthcare system partition stages of the reform of primary health care to date, with a gradual transition to a system of health insurance in order to further increase the availability of and quality of care. Due to the recent modernization of the health system outpatient offices were equipped with modern innovative medical devices for the delivery of primary health care at a high level. In addition, historically proved the effectiveness of medical care at the district territorial principle, which defines and improves access to health care, with subsequent referral to narrow specialists (bibliography: 20 refs).

From Equal Access to Health Care to Equitable Access to Health: A Review of Canadian Provincial Health Commissions and Reports

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmila L. Mhatr ◽  
Raisa B. Deber
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Resource Constraints ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Regional Health Authorities ◽  
Definition Of

Having achieved equality of access to health care, Canadian policymakers are setting new policy goals, within resource constraints, primarily to achieve equity of access to health. Across the country, provincial royal commissions have explored a number of policy options to achieve this goal. These options are reviewed and critically analyzed within the context of such challenges in health policy as insufficient access to high-technology care and the limits of medical care, and such external challenges as economic and demographic trends, federal-provincial disputes, and ideological beliefs. Particular attention is given to the implications of a broader definition of health and the concept of regional health authorities. Based on the provincial reviews, the authors conclude that Canada wants to achieve equitable access to health. With the shift of health policy away from the formerly protected arena of medical care, achieving equitable access to health will require both an alteration of priorities and values and considerable political will. Canada will be forced to meet these new challenges to maintain current achievements and to make its system even more successful.

scholarly journals Evolution of health, disease and disability during capitalism

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Mónica Mata Miranda ◽  
Gustavo Vásquez Zapien
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Economic Structure ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
The Social ◽  
Functional Capacities ◽  
Over Time

Over time, the understanding of the health-disease process has evolved along with the various environments and conditions in which society has been immersed, with different forms of care, treatment and prevention. Similarly, the social and economic structure has led to inequalities in medical care, generating social subclasses regarding access to health care and physical and functional capacities. This writing briefly introduces the social subclasses in health-disease that have emerged from the socio-economic structure of capitalism.

scholarly journals Disparities in Access to Care and Satisfaction among U.S. Children: The Roles of Race/Ethnicity and Poverty Status

2005 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leiyu Shi ◽  
Gregory D. Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Poverty Status ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Objectives. The study assessed the progress made toward reducing racial and ethnic disparities in access to health care among U.S. children between 1996 and 2000. Methods. Data are from the Household Component of the 1996 and 2000 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Bivariate associations of combinations of race/ethnicity and poverty status groups were examined with four measures of access to health care and a single measure of satisfaction. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of race/ethnicity with access, controlling for sociodemographic factors associated with access to care. To highlight the role of income, we present models with and without controlling for poverty status. Results. Racial and ethnic minority children experience significant deficits in accessing medical care compared with whites. Asians, Hispanics, and blacks were less likely than whites to have a usual source of care, health professional or doctor visit, and dental visit in the past year. Asians were more likely than whites to be dissatisfied with the quality of medical care in 2000 (but not 1996), while blacks and Hispanics were more likely than whites to be dissatisfied with the quality of medical care in 1996 (but not in 2000). Both before and after controlling for health insurance coverage, poverty status, health status, and several other factors associated with access to care, these disparities in access to care persisted between 1996 and 2000. Conclusions. Continued monitoring of racial and ethnic differences is necessary in light of the persistence of racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities in access to care. Given national goals to achieve equity in health care and eliminate racial/ethnic disparities in health, greater attention needs to be paid to the interplay of race/ethnicity factors and poverty status in influencing access.

scholarly journals Today’s Students, Tomorrow’s Physicians: Opinions on Enacted and Prospective Health Care Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 324-333
Author(s):  
Jordan M. Rook ◽  
Jacob A. Fox ◽  
Alec M. Feuerbach ◽  
James R. Blum ◽  
Bruce L. Henschen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Political Affiliation ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Single Payer ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Care Policies ◽  
Health Care Policies

Future physicians will be key stakeholders in the formation, implementation, and success of health care policies enacted during their careers, though little is known of their opinions of enacted and proposed policies since the 2016 U.S. presidential election. This study aimed to understand the opinions of medical students related to policies including, but not limited to, protections for people with pre-existing conditions, a public option on the private exchange, and single-payer health care. Online surveys were completed by 1,660 medical students at 7 U.S. medical schools between October 2017 and November 2017. The authors used multiple logistic regression to examine associations between student characteristics and support of policies. In total, 1,660 of 4,503 (36.9%) eligible medical students completed the survey. A majority of respondents identified 4 extant Affordable Care Act policies as important, including its protections for patients with pre-existing conditions (95.3%) and Medicaid expansion (77.8%). With respect to prospective reforms, 82.6% supported a public insurance option, and 70.5% supported a single-payer health care system. Only 2.2% supported reducing funding for Medicaid. Although views varied by sex, anticipated specialty, and political affiliation, medical students largely supported prospective policies that would expand insurance coverage and access to health care.

Using Technology to Improve Access to Health Care for Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline A. Mashima
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Access To Health Care ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
Use Of Technology ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Improve Access

Important initiatives in health care include (a) improving access to services for disadvantaged populations, (b) providing equal access for individuals with limited or non-English proficiency, and (c) ensuring cultural competence of health-care providers to facilitate effective services for individuals from diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Minority Health, 2001). This article provides a brief overview of the use of technology by speech-language pathologists and audiologists to extend their services to underserved populations who live in remote geographic areas, or when cultural and linguistic differences impact service delivery.

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