scholarly journals Squandering in Ethic Economics: Consumer and Producer Behaviors Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-41
Author(s):  
Bijan Bidabad
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Economic Behavior ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Preference Ordering ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Leisure Behavior ◽  
Total Productivity

Purpose: This paper investigates the effects of squandering on the economic behavior of consumer and firm. Moreover, we analyze consumer work-leisure behavior from the squandering viewpoint. Findings: Commodity squandering creates no utility for the consumer. Just the "(real) consumption (usage)" satisfies the preference ordering rules of consumer behavior and the "squandered" commodities do not satisfy these rules. Definitionally, consumption is equal to "real usage" plus "squandered" commodities. Thence, the consumer will lose some parts of her utility because of squandering (because of lost resources). The amount of lost income resources due to squandering should be recompensated by more works to preserve the consumer's welfare constant. Squandering effects in total productivity, non-optimal allocation of production factors, product wastage, and product decay are analyzed as less productivity and less supply of products due to squandering. According to this analysis, theoretically, it can be concluded that squandering will decrease the leisure and its corresponding utility of human being. Social implications: If the ethic economics' doctrine affects the consumption pattern, this process will moderate consumption. Otherwise, the society will move toward exploiting all of her capital to: "just produce-just consume". The latter will be intensified by knowledge-based economic progress.  JEL: D11, D21, Z12, D19, D24 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3402339          

scholarly journals Exploring the Role of Advertising Types on Improving the Water Consumption Behavior: An Application of Integrated Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy VIKOR Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 1232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Hossein Salimi ◽  
Amir Noori ◽  
Hossein Bonakdari ◽  
Jafar Masoompour Samakosh ◽  
Ehsan Sharifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Consumer Behavior ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Cluster Method ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Fuzzy Evaluation ◽  
Fuzzy Vikor ◽  
The Impact

In recent years, many cities have suffered from a shortage of drinking water, mainly due to population growth. Hence, the desire to curb undue water consumption through the identification of the main factors affecting consumer behavior has become very important in managing drinking water supplies. Modifying the consumption pattern means institutionalizing of a sustainable culture in water consumption among consumers and the identification of the main criteria affecting their behavior. In 2018, a survey was applied to examine the role of mass media advertising in modifying the water consumption pattern in Iran. An integration of fuzzy AHP and fuzzy VIKOR was proposed based on group decision making, and fuzzy trapezoidal sets used to model linguistic variables and to deal with uncertainty in opinions. We devised and conducted a questionnaire with 24 main criteria and 8 sub-criteria to measure the impact of advertising on water consumption. The case study population in this study included all urban households over 15 cities of Iran. A total of 5630 questionnaires were distributed among the various populations with cluster method. Then, by analyzing the results, advertisements using animation had the highest impact on consumer behavior, among the available alternatives, and could play a significant role in modifying the water consumption pattern. Additionally, a fuzzy evaluation technique is performed to validate the result of the applied method. Subsequently, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to validate the stability of the final ranking. Finally, the prioritization results of the types of advertising by the proposed method were compared with the results of the fuzzy AHP method.

scholarly journals On an Increasingly Yield Curve of Knowledge

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-25
Author(s):  
Emil Dinga
Keyword(s):  
Yield Curve ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Value Of Knowledge ◽  
Graphical Construction ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Production Factors

Abstract The paper examines the behaviour of the yield curve of the knowledge considered as production factor. The concepts of complementarity and substitutability among classical production factors are revisited in order to put the bases to analyse the special production factor (a species of the neo-production factors) namely knowledge. In this context, some distinctions are made between information and knowledge putting in view the added value of knowledge related to information. Some graphical construction and algebraic formalisms are convoked in order to better ground the final conclusions regarding the increasing nature of the knowledge yield curve in the knowledge-based society. The approach is preponderantly logic and conceptualized, trying to get general results which could then be tested, by other researchers, in order either to corroborate or to reject them.

scholarly journals Efficiency of the research and development activities of technical universities in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-274
Author(s):  
Irena Łącka ◽  
◽  
Łukasz Brzezicki ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
Social Innovations ◽  
Dea Method ◽  
Low Efficiency

In the 21st century knowledge-based economy, long-term economic growth and development depend on the ability to use the knowledge and technology so as to create product, process, organisational, marketing and even social innovations. The knowledge and technology, human resources and social capital (facilitating the transfer of technology from the world of science to the economy), comprise the most important production factors today. Research and development (R&D) activities are among the diverse determinants affecting the economy’s ability to innovate. They are carried out by public technical universities. One of the tasks that these entities face is to conduct basic, industrial (applied) research and development works. Their results can then be transferred to industrial and service enterprises as novel solutions. Research and development activities of universities are financed mainly from public sources, which suggests the need to assess the efficiency of this task. This can be done with the use of various methods, e.g. the non-parametric DEA method. The purpose of the paper is to measure the efficiency of research and development activities of public technical universities in Poland with the aid of the DEA method. The fourteen universities which in the years 2015–2017 reported to the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (MNiSW) were included in the study. The efficiency of the universities in filing new patent solutions and being granted patents was analysed. The results acquired indicate very low and low efficiency of most Polish technical universities. This is due both to a small number of patent applications and a small number of patents granted. In the examined period, the group of most efficient technical universities in both aspects comprised 4 to 5 universities.

Developing Dynamic Function Allocation for Future Naval Systems

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 1047-1051
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Cook ◽  
Colin Corbridge ◽  
Catherine A. Morgan ◽  
Andrew J. Tattersall
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Command And Control ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Experimental Environment ◽  
Function Allocation ◽  
Dynamic Function ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
And Control

The DERA Centre for Human Sciences is investigating function allocation for future Naval systems with the aim of providing optimal allocation of functions within “lean” manned ships. Existing methods of allocating functions between human and machine were developed around old, “dumb” technology, the inherent assumption being that once this process had been undertaken, the outcome remained fixed. However, for future systems, knowledge-based technology provides the potential for functions to be allocated dynamically, according lo the operational context. As part of a programme to examine the potential of dynamic function allocation, a series of six experiments utilising the Multi-Attribute Task Battery (MATB) were conducted, and a brief overview of the experimental findings is reported. The main focus of this paper is to describe a new experimental environment which has been developed to address the limitations in the MATB, particularly the relevance of these tasks to Naval systems. This is an abstraction of a Naval Anti-Air Warfare Controller's task, incorporating dynamic function allocation. It will facilitate an in-depth investigation of the potential benefits of this technology for the Naval Command and Control domain.

Projects in the Optimal Allocation and Management of Construction Equipment

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 603-608
Author(s):  
Tian Xiong Yang ◽  
Shun Tian Yang ◽  
Mei Wu Peng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Construction Management ◽  
Optimal Allocation ◽  
Optimal Configuration ◽  
Construction Equipment ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Equipment Management ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Management Decision Making

Projects, construction equipment management is the process of the project and construction management of production factors is an important component. Construction equipment on the project configuration, use, cost accounting and other comprehensive systematic study, given the optimal configuration and dynamic management decision-making programs, to achieve their project goals.

“The Creation of Wealth”: John Rae's Knowledge-Based Growth Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-347
Author(s):  
Masazumi Wakatabe
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Technical Knowledge ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
Austrian Capital Theory ◽  
Austrian Capital

John Rae is best known for his contribution to capital theory, particularly to Austrian capital theory. J. A. Schumpeter's (1954) assessment is typical in the literature: “two cornerstones of [Böhm-Bawerk]'s structure–one of them also a cornerstone of [Nassau] Senior's–are in fact there” (Schumpeter, 1954, pp. 468-69). Although this seems to have been the standard perception (see also Dorfman, 1995, p. 21), there is growing appreciation that Rae had a theory of economic development, rather than only a theory of capital. As Klaus Hennings put it: “Rae ascribes to inventions a more important role for economic progress … than capital accumulation” (Hennings, 1987, p. 40). Spengler (1959) saw Rae's contribution as “his recognition of the importance of the role of technical knowledge and invention in economic development” (ibid., 1959, p. 406; see Deans and Deans, 1972; Birchler, 1980). Syed Ahmad (1996a, 1996b) and Anthony Brewer (1990, 1991, 1996) agree on the central role of innovation in the economics of Rae.

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