7 years of monitoring of 40K in surface water samples from Olt River, Romania

The aim of this study was to determine naturally occurring radionuclide 40K in surface water samples from Olt River, Romania. A monitoring study during 7 years (2012-2018) was accomplished. A number of 728 surface water samples were collected and analysed. Several hundred pollution sources were identified for the Olt River basin in Romania. This study is of particular importance since it is the first effort to evaluate the activity concentrations of 40K in surface water from Romania for such a long period. For this reason, two sampling points along the Olt River were chosen, the first one upstream of the discharge point of the magistrate channel "Deversor Olt" (reference location) and respectively the second sampling point downstream of the liquid effluents discharges point (indicator location). The radioactivity concentration of 40K was determined from the 1460.8 keV photopeak. The method used was high resolution gamma ray spectrometry performed with a hyperpure germanium detector. An activity concentration for 40K, no more than 2.14 ± 0.32 Bq l -1 , is observed, but the values recorded for the background location had a slight, but not significant difference compared with the values recorded in the second sampling point.

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Evaluation of natural radioactivity content in high-volume surface water samples along the northern coast of Oman Sea using portable high-resolution gamma-ray spectrometry

Journal of Environmental Radioactivity ◽

10.1016/j.jenvrad.2015.03.003 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 144 ◽

pp. 134-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Zare ◽

Mahdi Kamali ◽

Zohre Omidi ◽

Mahdi Khorambagheri ◽

Mohammad Seddigh Mortazavi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

High Resolution ◽

Natural Radioactivity ◽

Water Samples ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

High Volume ◽

Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽

Northern Coast ◽

Surface Water Samples ◽

Radioactivity Content

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Inexpensive, Disposable Presence-Absence Test for Coliforms and Escherichia coli in Water

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-52.3.162 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 162-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

RUBY M. LEE ◽

PAUL A. HARTMAN

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Most Probable Number ◽

Well Water ◽

Chi Square ◽

Probable Number ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hydrolysis Of ◽

Surface Water Samples

Six-ounce (151-g) Whirl-Pak® bags containing 3.05 g of dehydrated Presence-Absence (P-A) Broth and 5 mg of 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-glucuronide (MUG) were pasteurized with 10 kGy of gamma irradiation. To conduct a “bag” P-A test, 100 ml of water sample were added to a bag. The bag was closed, the medium was dissolved by massaging the bag for about 15 sec, and the bag was then placed in a rack for incubation. The bag method was compared with P-A tests conducted in 160-ml glass bottles and 200-ml polysulfone bottles, as well as with a 5-tube Laury] Tryptose Broth (LTB) most-probable-number (MPN) method. Twenty-nine surface-water samples (11 streams, 7 rivers, and 11 lakes), 9 well-water samples, and 2 sewage effluents were examined. Chi-square analyses of the results revealed that no significant difference (P≤0.1) existed among the different P-A tests. The hydrolysis of MUG provided excellent Escherichia coli detection and was easiest to determine in the bags.

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Relationships between pH, colour and heavy metal concentrations in the Tinto and Odiel rivers (southwest Spain)

Hydrology Research ◽

10.2166/nh.2010.082 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 41 (5) ◽

pp. 406-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. L. de la Torre ◽

D. Sánchez-Rodas ◽

J. A. Grande ◽

T. Gomez

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Mine Drainage ◽

Iron Hydroxide ◽

Sampling Point ◽

Odiel River ◽

Tinto River ◽

Co Precipitation ◽

Surface Water Samples

The relationships between pH, colour, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd and sulphates in surface water samples collected from the Tinto and Odiel Rivers (southwest Spain) have been studied. These rivers are adversely affected by the inputs of acid and heavy metals due to Acid Mine Drainage (AMD). Samples were collected from both rivers on a monthly sampling basis from 1995 to 2001. The analytical results showed that pH (mean pH 3.1) in the water samples of the Odiel River presented a greater correlation with heavy metals, colour and sulphates than in the Tinto River (mean pH 2.5). The tidal effect at the sampling point at the Odiel River appears to cause a greater variation of the pH values (2.5–4.4), resulting in the precipitation of iron hydroxide and the co-precipitation of other metals when the pH increased. This phenomenon was not observed in the samples collected from the more acidic Tinto River (pH 2.1–3.2). A similar relationship was observed for the heavy metals and the colour of the surface water of both rivers.

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Occurrence of 1,4-dioxane and MTBE in drinking water sources in Japan

Water Science & Technology Water Supply ◽

10.2166/ws.2006.049 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 47-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

D. Simazaki ◽

M. Asami ◽

T. Nishimura ◽

S. Kunikane ◽

T. Aizawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Surface Water ◽

Water Samples ◽

Quality Standards ◽

Raw Water ◽

Water Quality Standards ◽

Butyl Ether ◽

Water Treatment Plants ◽

Standard Value ◽

Surface Water Samples

Nationwide surveys of 1,4-dioxane and methyl-t-butyl ether (MTBE) levels in raw water used for the drinking water supply were conducted at 91 water treatment plants in Japan in 2001 and 2002, prior to the revision of the drinking water quality standards. 1,4-dioxane was widely and continuously detected in raw water samples and its occurrence was more frequent and its concentrations higher in groundwater than in surface water. However, its maximum concentration in raw water was much lower than its new standard value (50 μg/L), which was determined as a level of 10−5 excessive cancer risk to humans. Trace levels of MTBE were also detected in several surface water samples.

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Validation of EFFTRAN for efficiency transfer to distant geometries and volume sources

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry ◽

10.1007/s10967-021-07668-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

H. Ramebäck ◽

S. Jonsson ◽

T. Vidmar

Keyword(s):

Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Germanium Detector ◽

Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽

Volume Source ◽

Two Stage ◽

Poly Methyl Methacrylate ◽

Fit For Purpose

AbstractThe efficiency transfer procedure from a geometry where a volume source was placed directly on the endcap of a germanium detector to three different distant geometries was carried out using the EFFTRAN code. One of these distant geometries included absorbers consisting of poly(methyl methacrylate). The efficiency transfer to this geometry therefore had to be realized as a two-stage transfer, since a direct efficiency transfer is not possible using EFFTRAN in such a case. Efficiency transfer to all three distant geometries yielded results which can be considered as fit-for-purpose in e.g. most of the applications of gamma ray spectrometry.

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Development of Surface Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction Coupled with HPLC Method for the Removal and Detection of Griseofulvin in Surface Water

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17010134 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kamran Bashir ◽

Zhimin Luo ◽

Guoning Chen ◽

Hua Shu ◽

Xia Cui ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted Polymers ◽

Water Samples ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Phase Extraction ◽

Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction ◽

Molecularly Imprinted ◽

Imprinted Polymers ◽

Surface Water Samples

Griseofulvin (GSF) is clinically employed to treat fungal infections in humans and animals. GSF was detected in surface waters as a pharmaceutical pollutant. GSF detection as an anthropogenic pollutant is considered as a possible source of drug resistance and risk factor in ecosystem. To address this concern, a new extraction and enrichment method was developed. GSF-surface molecularly imprinted polymers (GSF-SMIPs) were prepared and applied as solid phase extraction (SPE) sorbent. A dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) method was designed and combined with HPLC for the analysis of GSF in surface water samples. The performance of GSF-SMIPs was assessed for its potential to remove GSF from water samples. The factors affecting the removal efficiency such as sample pH and ionic strength were investigated and optimized. The DSPE conditions such as the amount of GSF-SMIPs, the extraction time, the type and volume of desorption solvents were also optimized. The established method is linear over the range of 0.1–100 µg/mL. The limits of detection and quantification were 0.01 and 0.03 µg/mL respectively. Good recoveries (91.6–98.8%) were achieved after DSPE. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were 0.8 and 4.3% respectively. The SMIPs demonstrated good removal efficiency (91.6%) as compared to powder activated carbon (67.7%). Moreover, the SMIPs can be reused 10 times for water samples. This is an additional advantage over single-use activated carbon and other commercial sorbents. This study provides a specific and sensitive method for the selective extraction and detection of GSF in surface water samples.

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Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORM) in Mining Residues and Environmental Material from Sefwi, Awaso Bauxite Mine

10.21203/rs.3.rs-551561/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matjele Moipone ◽

Oscar K. Adukpo ◽

Joseph B. Tandoh

Keyword(s):

Effective Dose ◽

Water Samples ◽

Red Mud ◽

Gamma Ray ◽

Gamma Ray Spectrometry ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Environmental Material ◽

Bauxite Ore ◽

Mining Residues ◽

Bauxite Mine

Abstract Gamma ray spectrometry was used to quantify level of NORM in mining residues sampled at Awaso bauxite mine and surrounding communities. The radionuclides of interest were 238U, 232Th and 40K and the radioactivity levels were determined in soil, bauxite ore, red mud and water samples from wells. The radioactivity concentrations in soil, bauxite ore and red mud 238U, 232Th and 40K were 18.01±1.96 Bqkg-1, 19.07±2.12 Bqkg-1 and 103.21±1.74 Bqkg-1; 39.42±4.18 Bqkg-1, 97.32±10.63 Bqkg-1 and 14.68±1.82 Bqkg-1; 44.85±4.79, 64.23±6.58 and 125.30±18.72 Bqkg-1. The activity levels for both 232U and 232Th were above world-wide average values while Potassium-40 levels were lower. The mean activity concentration values of 238U, 232Th and 40K in water samples were 1.49±0.45 Bql-1, 3.68±0.69 Bql-1 and 15.69±0.28 Bql-1 respectively and were within the world average activity concentrations except for bauxite ore and red mud. The committed effective dose was 0.74 mSv and annual effective dose estimated to be 0.136 mSv which is below recommended dose limit of 1 mSvyear-1 for public exposure.

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