Growth and yield of unthinned Honduras Pine grown to small sawlog sizes

1969 ◽  
Vol 81 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
John K. Francis
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Pinus Caribaea ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Annual Volume

Unthinned spacing of Honduras pine (Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis Morelet) ranging in age from 23.3 to 25 years, was evaluated at four installations in Puerto Rico on the basis of survival, growth, and yield. Results showed that marked significant differences existed in means of survival, diameters, and heights of trees in spacings ranging from 1.5 x 1.5 m to 4.3 x 4.3 m. However, because of decreasing diameter and height growth and increasing mortality in the narrower spacings (1.5 m, 2.1 m), and continued rapid diameter growth in the wider spacings (3.0 m, 4.3 m), there were no significant differences in basal area, total inside bark volume, and mean annual volume increment among spacings. Wide spacings are recommended where early thinnings are not possible.

Effects of Crown Thinning on Baldcypress Height, Diameter, and Volume Growth

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen G. Dicke ◽  
John R. Toliver
Keyword(s):  
Volume Growth ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Taxodium Distichum ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Crown Thinning ◽  
Epicormic Branching

Abstract Crown thinning a 63-year-old stand of baldcypress (Taxodium distichum [L.] Rich.) averaging 220 ft²/ac of basal area to 180, 140, and 100 ft²/ac resulted in 5-year diameter growths of 0.44, 0.51, and 0.77 in., respectively. The unthinned control was significantly less at 0.31 in. Six-year height growth averaged 3.1 ft and was not influenced by treatment. Thinning to 140 and 100 ft²/ac stimulated epicormic branching on many trees, which may lower log quality. All crown thinning treatments appeared to increase sawtimber volume increment and sawtimber volume/ac over the control 5 years after thinning. South. J. Appl. For. 12(4):252-256.

A Whole-Stand Growth and Yield Model for Interior Douglas-Fir

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lianjun Zhang ◽  
James A. Moore ◽  
James D. Newberry
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Projection System ◽  
Tree Survival

Abstract A whole-stand model, Simulation Of Stands (SOS), was developed for even-aged Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca) stands in the inland Northwest. The model consists of three new components: (1) volume prediction model, (2) basal area prediction model, and (3) survival model. Existing height growth models were used to estimate stand top height growth. The behavior and performance of SOS were evaluated by simulating stand development over time under alternative conditions and comparing the results with growth and yield concepts suggested in the literature. The predicted stand attributes from SOS were also compared with predictions from the Stand Prognosis Model and Stand Projection System (SPS). SOS behavior was similar to Prognosis for lower site indices, but more like SPS for higher site indices. The three models differed mainly with respect to stand top height growth and tree survival. West. J. Appl. For. 8(4):120-125.

scholarly journals Growth Relationships in Silver Fir Stands at Their Lower-Altitude Limit in Romania

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Gheorghe-Marian Tudoran ◽  
Avram Cicșa ◽  
Albert Ciceu ◽  
Alexandru-Claudiu Dobre
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Height Increment ◽  
Lower Altitude ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Annual Volume ◽  
Mean Current

This study presents the biometric relationships among various increments that is useful in both scientific and practical terms for the silvicultural of silver fir. The increments recorded in the biometric characteristics of trees are a faithful indicator of the effect of silvicultural work measures and of environmental conditions. Knowing these increments, and the relationships among them, can contribute to adaptations in silvicultural work on these stands with the purpose of reducing risks generated by environmental factors. We carried an inventory based on tree increment cores. The sample size was determined based on both radial increment and height increment variability of the trees. The sample trees were selected in proportion to their basal area on diameter categories. Current annual height increment (CAIh) was measured on felled trees from mean tree category. For CAIh we generated models based on the mean tree height. Percentages of the basal area increment and of form-height increment were used to compute the current annual volume increment percentage (PCAIv). For the mean tree, the CAIh estimated through the used models had a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.8749 and for the current annual volume increment (CAIv) the RMSE value was 0.1295. In even-aged stands, the mean current volume increment tree is a hypothetical tree that may have the mean basal area of all the trees and the form-height of the stand. Conclusions: The diameter, height, and volume increments of trees are influenced by structural conditions and natural factors. The structures comprising several generations of fir mixed with beech and other deciduous trees, which have been obtained by the natural regeneration of local provenances, are stable and must become management targets. Stable structures are a condition for the sustainable management of stands.

scholarly journals Thirteen-Year Height and Diameter Growth of Douglas-Fir Seedlings under Alternative Regeneration Cuts in Pacific Northwest

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzeng Yih Lam ◽  
Douglas A. Maguire
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Ecosystem Responses

Abstract Interest in managing Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii [Mirb.] Franco) forests in the Pacific Northwest under silvicultural systems other than traditional clearcutting has prompted research on the efficacy of alternative systems for successful regeneration and sustained timber productivity of Douglas-fir. The College of Forestry Integrated Research Project, implemented by Oregon State University, was established to compare various ecosystem responses and public perceptions among treatments implemented under clearcutting, shelterwood-with-reserves, and group selection silvicultural systems. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the following three responses of planted Douglas-fir seedlings to initial regeneration cuts: cumulative 13-year height growth (H13yr; 1992–2004), cumulative 13-year diameter growth (D13yr; 1992–2004), and most recent 5-year height growth (ΔH5yr; 2000–2004). Differences in variability of overstory density at the treatment level led to significant differences in the variance of understory growth responses. After accounting for heterogeneous variance, analysis of variance indicated significant treatment effects for all three responses. Treatment effects were explained by the decline in H13yr, D13yr, and ΔH5yr with increasing overstory competition as represented by basal area of residual trees immediately after harvesting (initial basal area). Predicted height:diameter ratio of Douglas-fir seedlings increased as IBA increased. Under regeneration methods that retain a portion of the overstory, a residual overstory with basal area <80 ft2/ac allows establishment, growth, and continued survival of Douglas-fir regeneration during the 13 years following harvest.

The effect of wind sway on the form and development of Pinus radiata D. Don

1954 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Radiata ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Similar Series ◽  
Individual Reaction ◽  
Normal Environment ◽  
Guy Wires

The average growth of four series of trees of Pinus radiata D. Don, which were prevented from swaying in the wind by the attachment of guy-wires, is compared with the average growth of similar series of free-swaying trees. Free-swaying trees grew more in diameter over the lower part of the trunk than stayed trees. After 10 yr the increased growth due to sway could be detected to a height on the trunk of between 25 and 30 ft. The effect of sway at a height of 4 f t was greater in a very heavily thinned test area than in a well-stocked test area. Sway caused increased diameter growth of roots near the trunk and increased eccentric trunk development along the line of the main winds. The height growth of the stayed trees was little different from that of the free-swaying trees, but height/diameter relationships were changed. After 2 yr trees that had been prevented from swaying were no longer stable in a normal environment. When the upper parts of stayed trees were allowed to sway the trees made good use of the factors of the locality for 8 yr. In a series where stayed trees were prevented from swaying throughout their length progressive suppression of diameter and volume increment was observed over 15 yr. Individual reaction to the stimulus of sway appeared to be one of the factors that contributed to the progressive assertion of dominance by certain trees.

Thinning Increases Loblolly Pine Vigor and Resistance to Bark Beetles¹

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Brown² ◽  
T. E. Nebeker ◽  
C. R. Honea
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Southern Pine ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Southern Pine Beetles ◽  
Pine Beetles

Abstract Twenty-seven 1-ac plots were thinned to a basal area of 70, 100, or 130 ft²/ac, and 9 plots were left unthinned to be used as a control. Changes in diameter growth, height growth, and oleoresin exudation pressure (OEP) are presented for the first 3 years following thinning. Height growth was lower in the thinned plots, but diameter growth in plots thinned to 70 and 100 ft²/ac was significantly greater than the unthinned plots and those thinned to 130 ft²/ac. OEP was also greater in thinned plots in the first two years; the difference was not significant in the third year. Introductions of southern pine beetles into the plots resulted in a significantly lower proportion of successful attacks in thinned plots in the first two years following thinning. It was concluded that increased tree vigor along with the increase in tree spacing following thinning does reduce susceptibility to southern pine beetle attack when stands are thinned to a basal area of 100ft²/ac or less. South. J. Appl. For. 11(1):28-31

Responses of Red Alder to Thinning

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Hibbs ◽  
William H. Emmingham ◽  
Michael C. Bondi
Keyword(s):  
Basal Area ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Alnus Rubra ◽  
Coast Range ◽  
Red Alder ◽  
Oregon Coast Range ◽  
Oregon Coast ◽  
Basal Area Growth ◽  
Area Growth

Abstract Responses of red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) to thinning were observed at two sites in the Oregon Coast Range. Five years after thinning in the 20-yr-old stand, mortality was observed only in control plots. Diameter growth of crop trees increased up to 54% with thinning. Trends toward less height growth at wider spacings and increased growth in basal area compared to controls appeared to be developing in thinned plots. Ten years after thinning in the 14-yr-old stand, the problems of flashback seen at year 5 in the chemically thinned plots had largely been overcome. Reduction in height growth in all thinned plots had been overcome. Net basal area growth was up to 60% greater in thinned treatments. Thinning appears effective for 10 to 15 yr in the narrow spacings and 15 to 20 yr in the wide spacings. West. J. Appl. For. 10(1): 17-23.

Comparing individual-tree growth models using principles of stand growth for Norway spruce, Scots pine, and European beech

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Vospernik ◽  
Robert A. Monserud ◽  
Hubert Sterba
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
European Beech ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Individual Tree Growth ◽  
Volume Increment

We examined the relationship between thinning intensity and volume increment predicted by four commonly used individual-tree growth models in Central Europe (i.e., BWIN, Moses, Prognaus, and Silva). We replicated conditions of older growth and yield experiments by selecting 34 young, dense plots of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), and European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.). At these plots, we simulated growth, with mortality only, to obtain the maximum basal area. Maximum basal area was then decreased by 5% or 10% steps using thinning from below. Maximum density varied considerably between simulators; it was mostly in a reasonable range but partly exceeded the maximum basal area observed by the Austrian National Forest Inventory or the self-thinning line. In almost all cases, simulated volume increment was highest at maximum basal area and then decreased with decreasing basal area. Critical basal area, at which 95% of maximum volume increment can be achieved, ranged from 0.46 to 0.96. For all simulators, critical basal area was lower for the more shade-tolerant species. It increased with age, except for Norway spruce, when simulated with the BWIN model. Age, where mean annual increment culminated, compared well with yield tables.

Leaf production, growth rate, and age of the palm Prestoea montana in the Luquillo Experimental Forest, Puerto Rico

1987 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel E. Lugo ◽  
Carmen T. Rivera Batlle
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Luquillo Experimental Forest ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Production Growth ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prestoea Montana

ABSTRACTLong-term growth rates of 32 palms (Prestoea montana) were studied using height and diameter measurements taken four times between 1946 and 1982. All leaf scars were counted to estimate leaf production rate, and the distance between scars was measured to establish relationships between leaf production and height growth. Height and diameter growth and leaf production of these palms were not constant during this 36-year period. A greater distance between leaf scars was indicative of rapid height growth but not of high leaf production rate. Dominant palms always grew fast (> 20 cm/yr) in height when they were small, but height growth slowed down when they reached the canopy. Small palms with slow height growth remained suppressed and lost the capacity to grow rapidly in height as adults. Diameter growth decreased with age from 0.07 cm/yr (SE = 0.02) between 1946–51 to 0.01 cm/yr (SE = 0.003) between 1951–82. Annual leaf production averaged 4 leaves/yr over the 36 years of study, was significantly different (P = 0.001) between 1946–51 (5.6 leaves/yr) and 1951–82 (3.8 leaves/yr), and was 4.6 leaves/yr for palms that grew >5 m since 1946 and 3.7 leaves/yr for those that remained suppressed. The best estimate for the mean age of all palms was 61.1 yr (SE = 2.4), obtained from long-term population leaf production rates.

scholarly journals Preliminary results of research on main growth characteristics of different poplar clones in ecological conditions of Východoslovenská Lowland

2002 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 372-376
Author(s):  
Š. Kohán ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Diameter Growth ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Mean Diameter ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
Volume Production ◽  
Annual Volume ◽  
Main Growth

Height and diameter growth and volume production of 22 different clones of poplars were evaluated in Sliepkovce populetum at the age of 12 years. The populetum is situated on medium-heavy and medium humic uninundated alluvia of the Laborec river; typologically, the group of forest types is Ulmeto-Fraxinetum populeum. The results of evaluation documented that among the poplars under study the clones Gigant, OP-229 and BL achieved the best growth and maximum volume production while their mean height amounted to 22.9–23.8 m, mean diameter to 31.9–33.2 cm and average annual volume increment was 25.1–28.3 m3 per 1 ha. The growth of P. Rochester 20/66 poplar was considerably much slower: its mean height amounted to 17.3 m, mean diameter to 18.7 cm and average annual volume increment was 6.3 m3 per 1 ha. It will be necessary to carry out further studies to obtain more detailed values for these clones.

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