scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF LEACHATE AT IHIAGWA DUMPSITE, IMO STATE NIGERIA AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE WATER POLLUTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
CT Nelson ◽  
GT Amangabara ◽  
CO Owuama ◽  
CN Nzeh ◽  
CN Uyo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Total Chloride ◽  
Metal Cyanide ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Total Dissolved Solid

Open dumpsite is the most common way to eliminate solid urban wastes in this part of the world. An important problem associated to landfills and open dumpsite is the production of leachates. The leachates from these dumpsites have many toxic substances, which may adversely affect the environmental health. Thus in order to have a better management of characteristics of Ihiagwa-Nekede waste dump leachates, representative leachate samples were collected and analyzed for Physico-chemical properties and levels of heavy metals in them. Results indicate pH7.38, temperature 28.30 ℃ - 28.40℃, total dissolved solid 124.01mg/l-125.45mg/l, magnesium hardness 4.40mg/l-7.32mg/l, sulphate 3.60mg/l-3.70mg/l, and nitrate 27.00mg/l-27.60mg/l. Other parameters indicated as follows Conductivity1910𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚-1930.00 𝜇𝑠/𝑐𝑚, total chloride 891.72mg/l-891.74mg/l, carbonate 1708.00mg/l-1904.00mg/l, Ammonia 9.39mg/l-9.40mg/l, calcium hardness 373.17mg/l-375.61mg/l, total solid 2423.00mg/l-2454.00mg/l, phosphate 13.52mg/l-13.54mg/l. The heavy metal: cyanide 2.25mg/l-2.33mg/l, zinc 18.08mg/l-18.38mg/l, copper 19.90mg/l20.48mg/l, iron10.67mg/l-10.82mg/l, lead 1.27mg/l-1.41mg/l, and manganese 3.00mg/l-3.61mg/l, all these exceeded the WHO standards. The obtained results showed that the landfill leachates are characterized by high concentrations of heavy metals and other disease causing elements and therefore require urgent treatment to forestall the contamination of groundwater system and the nearby Otamiri River.

scholarly journals Pollution Scenario due to Discharge of Effluent from Agrochemicals and Pesticides Manufacturing Industries of Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 8-15
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Physico Chemical

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to agrochemicals and pesticides manufacturing industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The average concentration of Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Zn was found to be maximum of 29.86, 0.90, 1.16 and 1.19 ppm respectively in summer season, while average Fe concentration was maximum of 51.10 ppm in winter season. The average pH value of the effluent was found to be maximum of 12.95 in summer season, while average conductivity value was maximum of 21085 µmhos/cm in rainy season. The majority of physco-chemical parameters like alkalinity, hardness, salinity, chloride, cyanide, phosphate, total solid, BOD and COD content were found to be maximum in summer season having the average values of 1918, 186, 4, 11.20, 0.07, 81, 6391, 685 and 2556 ppm respectively. The average DO content was found to be low of 4.5 ppm in winter season. It was observed that the concentration level of majority of the toxic heavy metals and physico-chemical properties were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. The results of present study indicates that the existing situation if mishandled can cause irreparable ecological harm in the long term well masked by short term economic prosperity due to extensive industrial growth

scholarly journals Studies on Pollution due to Discharge of Effluent from Pharmaceutical Industries of Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Specific Discharge ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
One Year

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to pharmaceutical based industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The concentration level of majority of toxic heavy metals like Cu, Cr, Pb, Fe and Zn were found to be maximum of 14.06, 0.57, 0.42, 18.93 and 3.31 ppm respectively in the month of February, while Ni concentration was found to be maximum of 0.43 ppm in the month of June. The pH and BOD values were reported to be maximum of 12.54 and 546 ppm respectively in the month of October. The conductivity and total solid content was found to be maximum of 27400 µmhos/cm and 9401 ppm respectively in the month of June. The cyanide content was maximum of 0.13 ppm in the month of April. The alkalinity, hardness, salinity, chloride, phosphate and COD content was reported maximum of 852, 694, 10.36, 4821, 46.32 and 1271 ppm respectively in the month of February. The DO content was found to be minimum of 3.00 ppm in the month of February. It was observed that the level of many of these toxic heavy metals except Zn and various physico-chemical parameters were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. From the results of the present investigation it seems that the time has come to move towards ecosystem specific discharge standards to maintain the health and productivity of natural resources on which the majority of Indians are dependent

scholarly journals Pollution due to Textile Industries along Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Concentration Level ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Textile Industries

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to textile based industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The concentration level of majority of toxic heavy metals like Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were reported to be maximum of 45.58, 2.00, 2.06 and 9.20 ppm respectively in the month of April, while Cr and Fe concentration levels were found to be 2.50 and 55.30 ppm in the month of March. The effluent samples collected in the month of July was reported to show high BOD content of 564 ppm, while COD content was maximum of 2436 ppm in the month of October. The effluent samples collected in the month of January was having very low DO content of 3.21 ppm and high cyanide content of 0.09 ppm. The alkalinity, hardness and chloride content were maximum of 2158, 198 and 2765 ppm respectively in the effluent samples collected in the month of February. The effluents were having high total solid content of 8269 ppm during the month of April, while the salinity and phosphate contents were reported high of 5.64 and 125.70 ppm during the month of May. It was observed that the concentration level of majority of toxic heavy metals and the values of various physico-chemical parameters were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. The present experimental data on environmental risk assessment studies due to textile industries may be regarded as an aid towards a better understanding of the problem arising due to such industries. There is a need to convey the message that prevention of adverse health effects and promotion of health are profitable investments for employers and employees as a support to a sustainable development of economics.

scholarly journals Pollution Discharge Scenario of Oil and Surfactants Manufacturing Industries along Dombivali Industrial Belt of Mumbai, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
P.U. Singare ◽  
S.S. Dhabarde
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Toxic Heavy Metals ◽  
Total Solid Content ◽  
Physico Chemical

The paper deals with monitoring of pollution arising due to oil and surfactants manufacturing industries located along the Dombivali industrial belt of Mumbai, India. The study was carried for the period of one year from June, 2012 to May, 2013 to study the level of toxic heavy metals and the physico-chemical properties of waste water effluents discharged from the above industries. The maximum concentration of majority of heavy metals like Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb and Fe were recorded as 13.48, 3.90, 13.30, 1.75 and 15.89 ppm respectively, which were above the tolerable limit set for inland surface water. The maximum pH and conductivity values of the industrial waste water effluent were recorded as 10.05 and 27800 µmhos/cm respectively. The majority of physico-chemical parameters like chloride, cyanide, phosphate and total solid content were found to be maximum in the month of March having the respective values of 2340, 0.09, 3 5.2 and 8755 ppm. The effluent samples collected in the month of May was found to have low DO content of 3.33 ppm and high BOD content of 643 ppm. The alkalinity and COD values were reported to be maximum of 1988 and 4410 ppm respectively in the month of February. The hardness and salinity content was reported maximum of 131 and 5.76 ppm during the month of December and June respectively. The results of present research work indicates that time has come to move towards ecosystem specific discharge standards to maintain the health and productivity of natural resources on which the majority of Indians are dependent

scholarly journals Quality Evaluation of Kiwi Juice Coagulated Mozzarella Cheese

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Anubodh Karki ◽  
Pravin Ojha
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Sensory Properties ◽  
Mozzarella Cheese ◽  
Solid Fat ◽  
Protein Retention ◽  
Physico Chemical

Standardized milk having casein: fat ratio 0.92 was used and the processes were optimized for the manufacture of cheeses. The samples were analyzed for physico-chemical properties (moisture, total solid, fat, protein, ash, calcium, fat retention, protein retention, yield) and functional properties such as meltability, stretchability, baking quality and shreddability were also analyzed. Significant differences (p<0.05) were found in calcium content of the cheese, color and overall sensory properties. Stretchability and shreddability in relation to functional properties were also found to be significantly different. The yield for mozzarella cheese made using rennet was higher than that of cheese made using kiwi juice as milk coagulant and also it was superior in terms of overall functional properties. It was deemed that a good quality mozzarella cheese with variant characteristics can be prepared by using kiwi juice as milk coagulant.

scholarly journals An Overview of River Side Pollutants and their Effects on Physico-Chemical Changes in Water Quality of River Halda, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 827-834
Author(s):  
Muhammad Towhid Moula ◽  
Ranjit K. Nath ◽  
Mh. Mosfeka Chowdhury ◽  
Md. Abu Bakar Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Aquatic Organisms ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Physico Chemical

Halda is an important river of Bangladesh, is now polluted in different ways through industrial, agricultural, domestic and sewage disposal. Increased anthropogenic activities have increased the potential pollution of the river and excessive pollutants may be toxic to humans and aquatic fauna. Presence of heavy metals in the river water causes perilous impact on the aquatic organisms. Hence, regular monitoring of pollution levels in the river is indispensable. In this study, we discuss about physico-chemical assessments of water quality parameters viz. pH, dissolve oxygen (DO), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total solid (TS), total suspended solid (TSS), total dissolved substance (TDS), total alkalinity, turbidity, salinity, electrical conductivity (EC), hardness, chloride and heavy metals in the water of Halda river during rainy and winter seasons, at different points; sources of pollutants in water and their effects given starting from the early research until the current research.

Zinc concentrations in juvenile flatfish

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Milner
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Estuarine Fish ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Lead Levels ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cadmium And Lead

In most demersal and some pelagic marine fish O- and I-group stages are found on inshore nursery grounds which are often situated in coastal indentations and estuarieswhere flushing rates are low and the build up of persistent pollutants can be correspondingly high. Their movements are restricted, only leaving the nursery areas towards the end of their second year (Lockwood, 1974; Riley, 1973). This, coupled with the fact that juveniles may be more susceptible than adults to pollutants, makes them particularly vulnerable to the potential hazards of inshore pollution.The physico-chemical properties of most trace metals, however, generally preclude their occurrence at high concentrations in sea water itself. Instead, most of the metal is transferred to the particulate phase of the water mass and to sedimentary reservoirs (Renfro, 1973) so that concentrations of metals in sea water very rarely reach levels which are known to be acutely toxic to fish. The main risk from direct effects of metals lies in poisoning resulting from internal accumulation.Little information is available on metal concentrations occurring in young fish. Hardisty et al. (1974) and Hardisty, Kartar & Sainsbury (1974) have examined zinc, cadmium and lead levels in O-group and older flounders from the Bristol Channel. Andersen, Dommasnes & Hesthagen (1973) found high concentrations of zinc in O- and I-group herring and sprat from Oslo Fjord, Cross & Brooks (1973) reported on manganese, iron and zinc concentrations in juvenile estuarine fish. Pentreath (1973 b) has reported on zinc concentrations in the organs of I-group plaice.

Physico-Chemical properties, heavy metals and their relations in cultivated landfill soils dumped with municipal solid wastes

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Mitra ◽  
P Bhattacharyya ◽  
K Chakrabarti ◽  
DJ Chattopadhyay ◽  
A Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Solid Wastes ◽  
Municipal Solid Wastes ◽  
Physico Chemical

Horizontal Mobility of Heavy Metals from Dumpsite in North Central States, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
J.D. Bala ◽  
J.J. Musa ◽  
H.I. Mustapha ◽  
I.Y. Yerima ◽  
D.E. Sunday ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Central State ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
North Central ◽  
Uppermost Layer ◽  
High Concentrations

Industrialization and population growth has lead to the introduction of toxic substances into the environment as waste from manufacturing  processes. This study describes the horizontal mobility of this waste containing heavy metals from dump sites to the surrounding environment of North Central state, Nigeria. Soil samples were collected within the dumpsites and the immediate surrounding soil at distance of 10m and 20m away to assess the migration and potential bioavailability of Cr, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn, Cu and Al. Total concentration of the heavy metals and their fractionation were determined. The results indicate that heavy metals are more concentrated in the uppermost layer with significant migration down the slope, thereby posing a threat to groundwater quality. In the fractions, the concentrations of the metals follow this sequence: Mn>Fe>Cu>Zn>Cr>Al. The mobility factors of the heavy metals are significantly high indicating high potential mobility and bioavailable forms of these heavy metals. The high concentrations of the heavy metals particularly Cr, as observed in the study is as a result of anthropogenic activities on enrichment of natural soil with bioavailable heavy metals. Consequently, there is a need to be cautious in the way waste that is generated from heavy metals sources is added to natural soil. Key words: Dump site; Environment; Heavy metals; Soil; Waste

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