scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF MYTHOPOETICS IN BATYRBEK TUGANOV’S WORKS

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-135
Author(s):  
А.А. ЗИМА
Keyword(s):  
Coordinate System ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
World Order ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Рубеж XIX–XX вв. выявляет интереснейшие особенности культурных векторов, показывает пути синтеза и интеграции различных направлений и видов искусств, стилей, философских базисов мировоззренческих систем. Творчество одного из самых ярких осетинских писателей Батырбека Туганова развивалось в русле реалистической системы, заложенной русской литературной традицией XIX в. При этом его художественное мышление выстраивается под сильнейшим влиянием особенностей национальной осетинской культуры. В целом культура реализма XIX в. стремится к демифологизации. Но Туганов живет и творит на рубеже столетий, когда, наоборот, возрождается интерес к мифу, символу, древним шифрам искусства. В произведениях Батырбека Туганова можно выделить ряд мифопоэтических конструктов, рожденных в недрах архаической культуры осетин и обладающих сакральной образностью. Картина мира этого писателя сложна, многоуровнева, удивительно органична и емка в своей архитектонике реалистического сюжета и мифопоэтической вневременной сути образов и событий. Особенность почерка Туганова в том, что он всегда выписывает образы очень цельно, выпукло, фактурно. Автор доводит портреты персонажей и сюжетные линии до масштаба мифологической цельности восприятия. Такому принципу работы над литературным текстом могло способствовать дарование Б. Туганова-художника, навыки скульптора, живописца и рисовальщика, реализованный внутренний творческий механизм визуализации вербального образа. При чтении произведений Туганова психология человека, далекого от эпохи архаики, монтируется с синкретическим базисом нашего подсознания. Реализм Туганова становится генетическим продолжением глубокого и древнего мифологизма осетинской культуры, усиливает свои позиции и выходит на новый образно-семантический уровень. При том, что в произведениях Батырбека Туганова «Ханифа» и «Пастух Баде» анализируется целый ряд особенностей мифологического текста, Туганов остается реалистом. Его реализм в том, что писатель выявляет сбой в системе координат традиционного миропорядка, нарушение мифологической гармонии человека и мира. Неореалистический метод как будто «взламывает» древние коды установленного миропорядка, заставляя нас еще острее воспринимать мифологемы нашей культуры. The frontier of the XIX-XX centuries reveals the most interesting features of cultural vectors, shows the ways of synthesis and integration of various areas and types of arts, styles, philosophical bases of worldview systems. The work of one of the brightest Ossetian writers Batyrbek Tuganov developed in line with the realistic system laid down by the Russian literary tradition of the 19th century. At the same time, his artistic thinking is built under the strongest influence of the features of national Ossetian culture. The culture of realism of the XIX century strive for demythologization. But Tuganov lives and works at the turn of centuries, when, on the contrary, interest in myth, symbol, ancient ciphers of art is revived. In the works of Batyrbek Tuganov, a number of mythopoietic constructs born in the bowels of the archaic Ossetian culture and having sacred imagery can be distinguished. The picture of the world of this writer is complex, multilevel and surprisingly organic and capacious in its architectonics of a realistic plot and mythopoietic timeless essence of images and events. The peculiarity of Tuganov’s handwriting is that he always writes out images very whole, convex, factual. The author brings portraits of characters and storylines to the scale of mythological integrity of perception. This principle of work on a literary text could be facilitated by the talent of B. Tuganov-artist, the skills of the sculptor, painter and draftsman, and the implemented internal creative mechanism for visualizing the verbal image. When reading the works of Tuganov, the psychology of a person far from the period of archaic is mounted with the syncretic basis of our subconscious. Tuganov’s realism becomes a genetic continuation of the deep and ancient mythologism of Ossetian culture, strengthens its position and reaches a new figurative-semantic level. Despite the fact that the works of Batyrbek Tuganov “Hanifa” and “Shepherd Bade” analyze a number of features of the mythological text, Tuganov remains a realist. His realism is that the writer reveals a failure in the coordinate system of the traditional world order, a violation of the mythological harmony of man and the world. The neorealist method seems to “crack” the ancient codes of the established world order, forcing us to even sharper perceive the mythologies of our culture.

scholarly journals The Foreign Policy Doctrine of Traditional China

2021 ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Oleg E. Nepomnin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
World Order ◽  
Chinese Foreign Policy ◽  
Social Perceptions ◽  
The World ◽  
Tribute System ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Official Status ◽  
The Universe

The article is a continuation of the cycle of theoretical works by Oleg E. Nepomnin (1935–2020) published in previous issues of the “Oriental Courier” [Nepomnin, 2019, 2020, 2021]. Oleg Nepomnin was among the most brilliant theorists of the development of Eastern societies. The author considers the foreign policy doctrine of traditional China as an integral part of China’s social perceptions of the world order. Based on the concepts of “world–cosmos” and “world-society”, the Chinese foreign policy doctrine was based on the fundamental idea of the oneness of the world order. In the “world of men”, world laws were embodied by the Chinese emperor — the Son of Heaven — and Chinese statehood. Next to China and its emperor, there could be no equal states and no equal monarchs. In this view of the world, China had borders and the Celestial Empire had none, implying the worldwide scope of the power of the Son of Heaven. On this ideological basis emerged the foreign policy dichotomy “civilized centre — savage periphery”, or “China — barbarians”. The author examines the origins of this influential concept from antiquity to the fall of the empire in China in the 20th century. A “tribute” system of interaction with other states was a logical continuation of ideas about the world order in China and its place in it. But the author stresses that despite China’s desire to maintain the illusions of a functioning “tribute” system, strengthen the prestige of imperial power and carry out monopolistic state trade with “barbarians”, “barbarian” embassies themselves often arrived in China with purely pragmatic goals: to establish trade, receive rich gifts from the emperor, elevate official status, get investiture and the Chinese title. In fact, China lost its status as the hegemon of the ‘tribute” system and the “Centre of the Universe’ after the Opium Wars in the 19th century. China was relegated to the level of the “sick man of Asia”, although the “tribute system” itself continued to function long after that. Even as the “Chinese world order” rapidly collapsed in the 70–90s of the 19th century, and previous Chinese “tributaries” were turned into colonies and semi-colonies of the capitalist West, Beijing’s rulers clung frantically to the “tribute” system. Up to the fall of the empire, the Manchu rulers could not get rid of the burden of traditional notions of China as the “Centre of the Universe” surrounded by the periphery and “barbarian rebellion”.

scholarly journals Transforming the image of Yakutia in Russian lyric poetry

2021 ◽  
pp. e021026
Author(s):  
Anna Igorevna Oshchepkova ◽  
Evdokiya Maksimovna Dorofeeva
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Lyric Poetry ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Foreign Culture ◽  
Russian Poetry ◽  
Russian Literary ◽  
The 19Th Century

The topic of the reception of Russian classics is often considered in the context of the formation of Yakut literature to determine the influence of Russian literature on the genesis of the Yakut written tradition. In the study of the genesis of Yakut literature, the focus is usually on the influence of Russian literature. Therefore, there is already sufficient experience in determining the degree of reliance of literature with a recent system of writing on the Russian literary tradition. Nevertheless, the question of the influence of the Yakut theme on the formation of the creative consciousness of Russian writers is also difficult. Upon close examination, the reception of a foreign culture appears to be sufficiently differentiated: the influence of the Yakut culture was predominantly indirect. The Yakut theme in Russian literature has a receptive character since there was no concept of the Yakut context at all in the socio-cultural situation of the 19th century. Writers begin to form the "Yakut text" in Russian literature based on the perception of the listener and the reader. Thus, the comprehension of the Yakut culture follows the path of recoding the texts of an "alien" tradition into the language of "one's own" literary tradition. The article deals with the transformation of the image of Yakutia in the works of Russian poets of the 19th–20th centuries. The trend is considered from the perspective of expanding the aspects of the figurative representation of Yakutia and the nature of perception of Russian poetry to the Yakut national topos and is divided into several stages.

Religion and Empire Carl Schmitt’s Katechon between International Relations and the Philosophy of History

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele Nicoletti
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
World Order ◽  
First World War ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
World War ◽  
The First World War ◽  
The World ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
First World

Carl Schmitt’s thought on international relations appears from the outset to be profoundly informed by his reflections on the philosophy of history. In this the German jurist seems to be fully consonant with the climate of his time, of that generation which saw the 19th century ‘concert of Europe’ crumble beneath their feet into the great tragedy of European civil war which began with the First World War. The collapse of the world order thus almost inevitably leads him to question the meaning of history and to be influenced by the ideas of the end of the world and of history, and by the symbols and metaphors connected to this theme, which have been part of Western culture for centuries.

THE ACTIVITY OF SAMARKAND REGIONAL STATISTICAL COMMITTEE IN SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY -EARLY XX CENTURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Jonibek Butaev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article is devoted to the analysis of the activities of the Samarkand Regional Statistics Committee in the second half of the XIX -early XX centuries. Statistical committees and departments established in the second half of the 19th century in the province of Turkestan and all regions to study the socio-economic, political and cultural life of the country, compile statistical reports and collections, as well as consolidate the colonial policy of the empire. The article analyzes the data of the Statistics Committee and the Department of Samarkand region.

Aesthetics of the presence of women in Afghan cinema

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Mohammadi
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Positive View ◽  
The World ◽  
Human World ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
The 19Th Century

Cinema consists of two different dimensions of art and instrument. A tool that mixes with art and represents society in which anything can be depicted for others. But art has always sought to portray the beauties of this universe. The beauty that lies within philosophy. Since the advent of human beings, men have always sought to dominate and abuse women for their own benefit. In the 19th century, cinema entered the realm of existence and found its place in the human world. With the empowerment of cinema in the world, filmmakers tried to achieve their goals by using this tool.Many filmmakers use women as a propaganda tool to attract a male audience. In many films, when the hero of a movie succeeds in reaching a woman, or in doing so, she is succeeded by a woman. In this way, of course, women themselves are not faultless and have helped men abuse women. Afghanistan, a traditional and male-dominated country, has not been the exception, and in many Afghan films women have been instrumental zed and used in various ways to benefit men, and we have seen fewer films in which women be a movie hero or a woman in a movie like a man. This kind of treatment of women in Afghan films has caused other young Afghan girls to not have a positive view of Afghan cinema.

The challenges of the primary teachers in the XIX century: from the materials needed to teach classes to the payment of the salaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Silveira Amorim
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Primary Teacher ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Qualified Teacher ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

Different aspects impacted the work of primary school teachers in the 19th century: the lack of materials for the teaching of classes, the delay in paying salaries and the release of resources to pay the rent of the houses where the classes worked, the health issues that implied the removal of the teacher for treatment, among others. Given this context, the objective is to inform how the teaching profession was configured based on the challenges faced by primary teachers in the 19th century. As a research in the field of History of Education, newspapers and official communications will be taken as sources, being analyzed from the conceptions of configuration and representation. It is possible to perceive that the profession of primary teacher was configured in the face of challenges and confrontations, corroborating the construction of the representation of the qualified teacher in the 19th century.

Liability of minors in russian criminal law practice XVIII — first half of XIX century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12-3) ◽  
pp. 242-249
Author(s):  
Alexander Sergeev ◽  
Ekaterina Bratukhina ◽  
Irina Kushova ◽  
Dmitriy Ovsyukov
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Responsibility ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article examines the historical aspects of the evolution of the legislative definition of the age of onset of criminal responsibility and the specifics of sentencing juvenile offenders in the 18th and first half of the 19th century.

Death Shall have no Dominion: The Passing of the World of the Dead in America

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles O. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Living World ◽  
The World ◽  
The Dead ◽  
American Society ◽  
Social Importance ◽  
The 19Th Century

The dead have largely lost their social importance, visibility, and impact in American society. This event is essentially a phenomenon of the present century. For three centuries prior, the dead world occupied a significant and readily recognizable place in the living world. Indeed, that place was growing rapidly through much of the 19th century. Causes of the reversal in relationship between the two worlds are examined and consequences of the present radical withdrawal from the dead are suggested.

scholarly journals FROM ORANJE NASSAU TO PULAU LAUT : THE INVEST OF COAL MINING IN SOUTHEAST KALIMANTAN FROM 1845 TO 1931

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Mansyur -
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Coal Mining ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
World Market ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
The World ◽  
Coal Market ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The 19Th Century

European Industrial Revolution in the eighteenth century brought great changes not only in Europe itself but also in other parts of the world including Indonesia which was used to be a country of Dutch colony. The invention of steam-powered ships triggered the Dutch to use steam-powered vessels as the alteration of yachts, wind-powered ships, in the 19th century. At the beginning, the steam-powered ships used rotating wheels in the left and right side; however, the ships finally used ordinary windmills or propellers. The decrease and the lack of this production was getting worsened the competition of other producer countries in world market and the unstable coal market and in crisis year in 1930, Pulau Laut Mining Company production dropped so that it was closed down in the same year.

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