scholarly journals Public Affairs Television and Third Party Roles: The Nightline Debates in South Africa (1985) and Israel (1988)

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Botes
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Third Party

This paper examines the strategies, tactics and tasks of a media moderator during television debates regarding deep-rooted conflicts, as well as the overall intended and unintended roles and effects of these broadcasts. Two case studies—the Nightline (ABC-TV) broadcasts from South Africa (1985) and Israel (1988)—are examined by comparing the actions of a public affairs television moderator to conventional third party intervenors, as defined in conflict resolution literature. In the process the paper presents research regarding the manifest tactics and latent roles demonstrated by a television moderator and the manner in which these activities can be compared to the tasks of conventional third parties such as mediators. The paper finally also reflects on how television debates can become problem-solving dialogues that assist in transforming deep-rooted conflicts.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Moeed Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Crisis Management ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Crisis Behavior ◽  
Nuclear Crisis ◽  
The Cold War

The Introduction lays the groundwork for the rest of the book by introducing the need for a theory of nuclear crisis behavior centered on third-party mediation. Specifically, how does the presence of the unipole and stronger third parties alter the crisis behavior of regional nuclear powers situated within a unipolar world? And what implications does this have for crisis management, stability, and outcomes? The chapter introduces the puzzle and explains the book’s empirical focus on South Asia by highlighting that India and Pakistan are the only regional nuclear powers to have experienced major crises since the end of the Cold War. The chapter also summarizes the key findings from the three case studies, the 1999 Kargil conflict, the 2001–2002 military standoff, and the 2008 Mumbai crisis, and confirms evidence in line with the proposed theory of brokered bargaining.

scholarly journals Selfish third parties act as peacemakers by transforming conflicts and promoting cooperation

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (22) ◽  
pp. 6937-6942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Halevy ◽  
Eliran Halali
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Experimental Paradigm ◽  
Third Party Intervention ◽  
The Third ◽  
Side Payments ◽  
The Third Party ◽  
Conflict Intervention ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts

The tremendous costs of conflict have made humans resourceful not only at warfare but also at peacemaking. Although third parties have acted as peacemakers since the dawn of history, little is known about voluntary, informal third-party intervention in conflict. Here we introduce the Peacemaker Game, a novel experimental paradigm, to model and study the interdependence between disputants and third parties in conflict. In the game, two disputants choose whether to cooperate or compete and a third party chooses whether or not to intervene in the conflict. Intervention introduces side payments that transform the game disputants are playing; it also introduces risk for the third party by making it vulnerable to disputants’ choices. Six experiments revealed three robust effects: (i) The mere possibility of third-party intervention significantly increases cooperation in interpersonal and intergroup conflicts; (ii) reducing the risk to third parties dramatically increases intervention rates, to everyone’s benefit; and (iii) disputants’ cooperation rates are consistently higher than third parties’ intervention rates. These findings explain why, how, and when self-interested third parties facilitate peaceful conflict resolution.

Third-Party Characteristics and Intergroup Conflict Resolution

1980 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Breaugh ◽  
Richard J. Klimoski ◽  
Mitchell B. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Laboratory Experiment ◽  
High Power ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
The Third ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Party Characteristics

This laboratory experiment examined the differing effects of anticipating a mediator versus an arbitrator upon the negotiating behavior of group spokesmen who represented actual constituencies. In addition, the reputation (attractiveness) of the third party was also manipulated. It was hypothesized, based upon previous research, that representatives facing high-power third parties (arbitrators) would have more difficulty in negotiations. This, in fact, was found. Representatives facing a third party with arbitration power took more time to reach an agreement, used more bargaining dyads and had more deadlocks than did representatives who faced a low-power third party. Contrary to expectations, no main effect was found for third-party reputation. In concluding, the importance of replicating this study's findings was emphasized.

Third-Party Peacemakers in Judaism

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Roth
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Rabbinic Literature ◽  
Final Layer ◽  
Conflict Resolution Education ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts ◽  
Historical Accounts ◽  
First Time

Third-Party Peacemakers in Judaism presents thirty-six case studies featuring third-party peacemakers found within Jewish rabbinic literature. Each case study is explored through three layers of analysis: text, theory, and practice. The textual analysis consists of close literary and historical readings of legends and historical accounts as found within classical, medieval, and early-modern rabbinic literature, many of which are critically analyzed here for the first time. The theoretical analysis consists of analyzing the models of third-party peacemaking embedded within the various cases studies by comparing them with other cultural and religious models of third-party peacemaking and conflict resolution, in particular the Arab-Islamic sulha and contemporary Interactive Problem-Solving Workshops. The final layer of analysis, based upon the author’s personal experiences in years of doing conflict resolution education, trainings, and actual third-party religious peacemaking in the context of the Middle East, relates to the potential practical implications of these case studies to serve as indigenous models and sources of inspiration for third-party mediation and peacemaking in both interpersonal and intergroup conflicts today.

scholarly journals From Muhammad to Sulha

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-36
Author(s):  
Daniel Roth
Keyword(s):  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cultural Models ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Religious Traditions

This chapter establishes the theoretical lens through which the case studies of third-party peacemakers in Judaism can be analyzed. The chapter begins by reviewing the study of religion and peacebuilding in general, and Judaism and conflict resolution in particular. Examples are provided of research conducted in religious peacebuilding and paradigmatic peacemakers in other religious traditions, such as the prophet Muhammad in Islam. In the second part of the chapter, the literature relating to traditional cultural models of conflict resolution and peacemaking is surveyed, focusing on the traditional Arab-Islamic process of sulha and how it compares to modern-Western models of conflict resolution and reconciliation.

Cláusulas de franquicia o deducible en seguros de responsabilidad civil en el Derecho español: Naturaleza y efectos respecto de terceros perjudicados

2018 ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Rafael Lara González
Keyword(s):  
Civil Liability ◽  
Third Parties ◽  
Insurance Contract ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Liability Insurance ◽  
Legal Doctrine ◽  
Insurance Contracts ◽  
Spanish Law ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Legal Nature

ResumenPese a su ubicuidad en la práctica contractual, las cláusulas de franquicia han recibido tratamiento incidental en la doctrina. La discusión sobre ellas se ha enfocado en los contratos de seguros de responsabilidad civil, y en la interpretación del artículo 76 de la Ley española de Contrato de Seguro. En este contexto se ha tratado de establecer si el asegurador puede o no oponer la cláusula de franquicia al tercero perjudicado. El presente trabajo analiza la cláusula de franquicia en la obligación principal del asegurador, su naturaleza jurídica, y examina su relación con los terceros perjudicados. La consideración principal a este respecto estará en si nos encontramos ante un seguro obligatorio o ante un seguro voluntario de responsabilidad civil. Palabras clave: Contrato de seguro; Cláusula de franquicia; Terceroperjudicado; Responsabilidad civil.AbstractDespite their ubiquity in contractual praxis, deductible clauses have received only incidental treatment in legal doctrine. Discussion on them has focused on civil liability insurance contracts, and the interpretation of article 76 of the Spanish Law of Insurance Contracts. In this context it has been attempted to establish whether the insurer can invoke the clause to oppose the injured third party's claim. This article examines the deductible clause included in the insurer's main obligation, its legal nature, and its relation to injured third parties. The main consideration in this regard will be whether the insurance contract is of a mandatory or voluntary nature.Keywords: Insurance contract; Deductible clause; Injured third party; Civil liability.

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