scholarly journals CONTENT ANALYSIS OF SOME DOCTORAL THESIS STUDIES CARRIED OUT IN TURKEY ON THE BRANCH OF TAEKWONDO IN THE FIELD OF SPORTS SCIENCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duygu Sevinç Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Foot Strike ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
Nerve Muscle ◽  
Hands And Feet

<p>Taekwondo is an old martial art with a Korean origin that is performed with hands and feet, where several combined techniques are used together, and nerve-muscle use levels are high (Mark, 1984; Kim et al., 2011). The history of taekwondo may be traced back to centuries ago. Initially, this branch used to be taught for the person to defend themselves. Afterwards, throughout the centuries, it has been spread around the world as an artistic form. In addition to having an artistic form, the branch of taekwondo also requires high competitive strength. Taekwondo is a competitive sport that requires the displacement of the body parts of the opponent. As words, ‘tae’ means foot strike, ‘kwon’ means hand strike, and ‘do’ means philosophy (Kazemi et al., 2006). Taekwondo competitions are divided into two categories as sparring and poomsae. Sparring is performed against an opponent, while poomsae (imaginary sparring) is a branch where a single person performs. Taekwondo that is known as a demonstration sport showed itself for the first time in the 1988 Seoul and 1992 Barcelona Olympics. Its inclusion in official competitions occurred in the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games (Kazemi et al., 2004; Gupta, 2011). Taekwondo as an Olympic sport is a branch performed by 75-120 million individuals in more than 140 countries (Razi, 2016). Innovations made in equipment in time, changes in rules, safety measures, organization of competitions, and its prominent media- and education-related aspects have increasingly raised the interest in this branch and helped it gain its popularity today. With the increase in the popularity of the branch and the prominence it has gained in the Olympics, World Taekwondo has recently made some changes in the rules. Some changes may be listed as changes in the scoring system (increase in the point score of techniques applied on the head region), smaller game dimensions, enaction of the 10-sec rule and changes in penalty points (Moenig, 2015). Competitions are held in the form of 3 rounds of 1.5 minutes each for the Juniors and Teens categories and 3 rounds of 2 minutes each for the Youths and Adults categories, with 1 minute of rest between the rounds (Birrer, 1996; Toskovic et al. 2004; Heller ve ark., 1998). Competitions consist of various techniques applied on the head and torso regions. These techniques may be applied in the form of attack, counterattack and combined techniques. Athletes are scored based on the region on which they apply the techniques and the degree of difficulty. For athletes to receive points, they need to have multiple physical qualities. For competitive performance, taekwondo requires various factors including physical (Heller ve ark., 1998; Gao, 2001; Melhim, 2001; Ball et al.,2011; Estevan et al., 2011), psychological (de Prado, 2012), technical (Bridge et al., 2011; Cular et al., 2011) and tactical (Falcó et al., 2009; González et al., 2011) factors. This is why taekwondo training has been structured in a way to target these specific performance mediators (Heller et al., 1998; Gao, 2001). From this perspective, the purpose of taekwondo training is to prepare athletes in terms of both their physical activities and meeting of the physiological demands of competition (Marković et al., 2005; Pieter, 1991; Casoline et al., 2012). As strikes are important in taekwondo, athletes need to have explosive leg strength, aerobic resilience, balance and flexibility (Heller et al., 1998; Marković et al., 2005). Taekwondo athletes must have the capacity to rapidly produce muscle strength through kicks, because 80% of taekwondo skills are related to kicking (Shirley, 1992). Although these characteristics are not the only determinants of performance, they are among helpful pieces of information for trainers. There are studies in the literature on the physical and physiological characteristics of athletes. Nevertheless, it is important to increase the number of these studies and select the suitable training method for this group of athletes.</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0985/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Re-imagining Reproduction: Unsettling Metaphors in the History of Imperial Science and Commercial Surrogacy in India

Somatechnics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalindi Vora
Keyword(s):  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Women's Bodies ◽  
Commercial Surrogacy ◽  
Art Practices ◽  
History Of ◽  
Travel Industry

This paper provides an analysis of how cultural notions of the body and kinship conveyed through Western medical technologies and practices in Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART) bring together India's colonial history and its economic development through outsourcing, globalisation and instrumentalised notions of the reproductive body in transnational commercial surrogacy. Essential to this industry is the concept of the disembodied uterus that has arisen in scientific and medical practice, which allows for the logic of the ‘gestational carrier’ as a functional role in ART practices, and therefore in transnational medical fertility travel to India. Highlighting the instrumentalisation of the uterus as an alienable component of a body and subject – and therefore of women's bodies in surrogacy – helps elucidate some of the material and political stakes that accompany the growth of the fertility travel industry in India, where histories of privilege and difference converge. I conclude that the metaphors we use to structure our understanding of bodies and body parts impact how we imagine appropriate roles for people and their bodies in ways that are still deeply entangled with imperial histories of science, and these histories shape the contemporary disparities found in access to medical and legal protections among participants in transnational surrogacy arrangements.

Medicine

2009 ◽  
pp. 551-568
Author(s):  
Brooke Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Medical History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
History Of

This article attempts to characterize a secular tradition of medicine, and focuses on approaches to the body and theories of causation. It seems that, just like the street philosophers, magicians were more individualistic and charismatic than the writers of systematic treatises, and yet they too sometimes relied on texts. It is important to remain open to possible connections between magic and medicine. For example, in the course of medical history, dissection and investigation of the interior of the body gradually became more prominent; similarly, ancient curses, spells, and binds became increasingly specific about the body parts and internal organs they targeted. The wider context of society is relevant here: magical and medical texts are affected by the history of torture, and of vivisection.

scholarly journals Examining the Effect of Adverbs and Onomatopoeia on Physical Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keisuke Irie ◽  
Shuo Zhao ◽  
Kazuhiro Okamoto ◽  
Nan Liang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Physical Motion ◽  
Stimulus Set ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Action Sentence

Introduction: The effect of promoting a physical reaction by the described action is called the action-sentence compatibility effect (ACE). It has been verified that physical motion changes depending on the time phase and grammatical expression. However, it is unclear how adverbs and onomatopoeia change motion simulations and subsequent movements.Methods: The subjects were 35 healthy adults (11 females; mean age 21.3). We prepared 20 sentences each, expressing actions related to hands and feet. These were converted into 80 sentences (stimulus set A), with the words “Slow” or “Quick” added to the words related to the speed of movement, and 80 sentences (stimulus set B) with the words “Fast” and onomatopoeia “Satto” added. Additionally, 20 unnatural sentences were prepared for each stimulus set as pseudo sentences. Choice reaction time was adopted; subjects pressed the button with their right hand only when the presented text was correctly understood (Go no-go task). The reaction time (RTs) and the number of errors (NoE) were recorded and compared.Results: As a result of a two-way repeated ANOVA, an interaction effect (body parts × words) was observed in RTs and NoE in set A. “Hand and Fast” had significantly faster RTs than “Hand and Slow” and “Foot and Fast.” Furthermore, “Hand and Fast” had a significantly higher NoE than others. In set B, the main effects were observed in both RTs and NoE. “Hand” and “Satto” had significantly faster RTs than “Foot” and “Quick,” respectively. Additionally, an interaction effect was observed in NoE, wherein “Foot and Satto” was significantly higher than “Hand and Satto” and “Foot and Quick.”Conclusion: In this study, the word “Fast” promoted hand response, reaffirming ACE. The onomatopoeia “Satto” was a word that conveys the speed of movement, but it was suggested that the degree of understanding may be influenced by the body part and the attributes of the subject.

scholarly journals STRUKTUR GERAK TARI LURAH KINCIA DI SANGGAR TARI LURAH KINCIA NAGARI SITUJUAH BATUA KECAMATAN SITUJUAH LIMO NAGARI KABUPATEN 50 KOTA

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Muttiah Razki Judenta ◽  
Susmiarti Susmiarti
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Dance Movement ◽  
Motion Structure ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Main Instrument ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to describe and analyze the structure of the dance movement of Lurah Kincia dance in Situjuah Batua village, Situjuah Limo Nagari district, 50 Kota regency. This study belongs to a qualitative research using analytical descriptive method. The data used in this study were primary and secondary data. The main instrument used was the researcher itself and was assisted by supporting instruments such as writing instruments, cameras, and flash drives. The data were collected through literature study, observation, interview, and documentation. The data analysis was conducted by collecting the data, describing the data, analyzing the data, and making conclusions. The results showthat the movement structure of Lurah Kincia dance has basic elements related to the attitude and movement of the body parts starting from the head, body, hands, and feet. From the relationship system between those elements, it produces motive forms in the form of turn taking, and are related to each other like a chain.The hierarchical grammatical relationship system contained in Lurah Kincia Dance consists of 37 motifs, 6 phrases, 4 sentences, and 1 cluster. Lurah Kincia dance belongs to a syntagmatic relationship system. It is a system whose relationship is like a chain and cannot be separated or exchanged between one another.Keywords: Motion Structure, Lurah Kincia Dance, Lurah Kincia Dance Workshops

scholarly journals Futsal as a strategy for the improvement of elementary abilities and for the development of the body image in children

Motricidade ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Amanda A. Machado ◽  
Ingrid S. Bezerra ◽  
Katia Regina Ponciano ◽  
Roberta L. Rica ◽  
Eliane F. Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Private School ◽  
Motor Performance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hands And Feet ◽  
Tennis Balls

This current study aims to analyze the contribution of futsal practice in global praxis and body image in children in a specialized motor stage, evaluating the motor performance before and after an intervention in the following factors: hands and feet global praxis and body image. It was adopted the application method of 18 one-hour twice a week session, divided into three modules, I) displacement activities in different directions; II) coordination activities and reaction time and III) throwing and kicking activities. Twenty male participants, aged 8 to 12 years, with normal motor development were used. The survey was conducted at a private school. The results found were a significant improvement in the hits of the tennis balls with hands and make the number of hits in kicking the ball with his feet. Regarding the analysis of body image after the proposed intervention, the children has shown the body parts performance incorporated in drawings that were not previously present. It is concluded that there are positive contributions of the futsal practice in respect to the global praxis practice and body image in children in a specialized motor stage.

Against Trophy Hunting: A Marxian-Leopoldian Critique

2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Simon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Outdoor Recreation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Common People ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
History Of

Contemporary North Americans hunt wildlife for a variety of reasons, whether to attain game meat, spend time with family and friends, or take part in a form of outdoor recreation. My focus here will be on…trophy hunting…[—]killing wildlife to enhance one's status by appropriating the body parts of dead animals for display as trophies, ostensible evidence of hunting skills.… In the United States, trophy hunting organizations, such as Safari Club International and Sportsmen for Fish and Wildlife, claim to promote and defend two allegedly deeply rooted Western traditions: The popular practice of "common people" hunting, and the role that hunters and hunting organizations have played in protecting wilderness and wildlife.… These claims perpetuate a mythologized version of the history of Euro-American hunting. Contrary to their image as "true conservationists," many trophy hunting organizations have promoted policies and activities with adverse social consequences, contributing to the environmental degradation they claim to oppose.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.

scholarly journals Canceral Imaginaries

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 129-155
Author(s):  
Donna McCormack
Keyword(s):  
Organ Donation ◽  
Gender Equality ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Short Supply ◽  
Bodily Movement ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
The Gift ◽  
History Of

This article examines the carceral imaginaries that emerge from the late capitalist structure of organ donation as an issue of short supply. This piece explores this issue through the lens of spatial segregation, arguing that carceral imaginaries are spaces of luxury where donors are segregated from recipients and are thereby legally murdered. The focus is Ninni Holmqvist’s novel The Unit (2008) where the future is structured through gender equality but reproductive normativity. Donors are segregated away in the luxurious unit because they have not repro- duced. Having not produced future generations of labourers, these donors must contribute to the nation by donating their body parts to the reproductive – and therefore productive – members of the nation. Focusing on Sweden’s history of eugenics and on gender equality, this article argues that the very space of care, namely the clinic, which facilitates life-saving treatments also subjects whole populations to violence and death through reproductive norms. Finally, it sug- gests that space is both that through which bodies move, but also the body itself. That is, the segregation of the body’s parts and the idea that space may be divided by borders are mutually constitutive and found both the restrictions of bodily movement through space and murder as the gift of life.

scholarly journals KESENIAN DEBUS DI KABUPATEN SERANG

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Euis Thresnawaty S.
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
The Body ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
Trace Back ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Performing Art ◽  
Dutch Colonialism

AbstrakSejarah kesenian Debus di Kabupaten Serang dapat dikatakan masih sangat gelap karena tidak ada sumber-sumber tertulis yang bisa menjelaskan atau mengungkapkan periode Debus sebelum abad 19. Umumnya sumber yang ada hanya menjelaskan bahwa debus mulai ada pada abad ke-16 atau ke-17 pada masa kekuasaan Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Periode yang mulai terang adalah ketika masa mendekati awal kemerdekaan yaitu  tahun 1938 ketika di Kabupaten Serang berdiri kelompok seni Debus di Kecamatan Walantaka,  itu pun dengan sumber sumber yang terbatas. Hal menarik dari kesenian Debus ini adalah karena pada awalnya kesenian Debus mempunyai fungsi sebagai penyebaran agama Islam tetapi terjadi perubahan fungsi pada masa penjajahan Belanda yaitu pada masa pemerintahan Sultan Agung Tirtayasa seni ini digunakan untuk membangkitkan semangat perjuangan rakyat Banten melawan penjajah. Atas dasar itu maka dilakukan penelitian  mengenai Sejarah Kesenian Debus di Kabupaten Serang dengan tujuan untuk dapat mengungkapkan latar belakang perjalanan sejarah serta dinamika perkembangannya. Adapun metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah. Saat ini permainan seni Debus dapat di katagorikan sebagai bentuk hiburan bagi masyarakat yang di dalamnya mengandung unsur zikir, silat, dan kekebalan. AbstractIt was not until the 19th century that written history of debus performing art came into light. The only thing we had was the information that debus began in 16th and 17th century during the reign of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. The light came to us saying that in 1938 there was a debus performing art group in Kecamatan (district) Walantaka, but the source is limited. Previously, debus functions as a means to disseminate Islam, but then it turned to be one used to fight Dutch colonialism in the reign of Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa. Today debus is a popular performing art involving zikir (rememberance of God in religous context), silat (traditional martial art), and kekebalan (make the body insensitive in order not to be conquered easily). The research aims to trace back the history of debus and its dynamic growth by conducting history methods.

scholarly journals 3D Human Pose Estimation in Vietnamese Traditional Martial Art Videos

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 471
Author(s):  
Tuong Thanh Nguyen ◽  
Van-Hung Le ◽  
Duy-Long Duong ◽  
Thanh-Cong Pham ◽  
Dung Le
Keyword(s):  
Pose Estimation ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Social Life ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Pose Estimation ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
Benchmark Datasets ◽  
Human Pose

Preserving, maintaining and teaching traditional martial arts are very important activities in social life. That helps preserve national culture, exercise and self-defense for practitioners. However, traditional martial arts have many different postures and activities of the body and body parts are diverse. The problem of estimating the actions of the human body still has many challenges, such as accuracy, obscurity, etc. In this paper, we survey several strong studies in the recent years for 3-D human pose estimation. Statistical tables have been compiled for years, typical results of these studies on the Human 3.6m dataset have been summarized. We also present a comparative study for 3-D human pose estimation based on the method that uses a single image. This study based on the methods that use the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for 2-D pose estimation, and then using 3-D pose library for mapping the 2-D results into the 3-D space. The CNNs model is trained on the benchmark datasets as MSCOCO Keypoints Challenge dataset [1], Human 3.6m [2], MPII dataset [3], LSP [4], [5], etc. We final publish the dataset of Vietnamese's traditional martial arts in Binh Dinh province for evaluating the 3-D human pose estimation. Quantitative results are presented and evaluated.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited.  

scholarly journals Running Form Analysis Based on Impact Dynamics: A Minimally Complex Mechanical Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Bencsik ◽  
Ambrus Zelei
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Form Analysis ◽  
Biomechanical Models ◽  
Foot Strike ◽  
Low Degrees ◽  
The Impact

Biomechanical models of different complexity are used to understand the dynamics of human running. Low degrees-of-freedom models are appropriate for the prediction of the effect of certain parameter changes. We present a minimally complex biomechanical model which characterizes the effects of foot strike pattern and shank angle on the ground-foot impact intensity, which influences the risk of injuries and energy efficiency.A three segment leg model (thigh, shank and foot) is proposed combined with the mass of the rest of the body parts concentrated in the hip. The ground-foot impact intensity and the absorbed kinetic energy are analyzed using multibody dynamics tools. The impact intensity was discovered in the parameter space of the angle of the thigh, the angle of the shank, the foot strike pattern and the running speed.The results regarding the effect of strike pattern are in coincidence with the literature: forefoot strike implies lower impact intensity and energy absorption than rearfoot strike. However, in contrast of the previous result of a two segment foot model from the related literature, the calculations indicated that the shank angle highly affects the impact intensity: the impact intensity can be reduced by foot touchdown under the hip. We showed that foot and shank cannot be analyzed in itself without considering the thigh and the total body weight, and we also confirmed that the horizontal velocity cannot be neglected when foot impact is analyzed.

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