scholarly journals THE IMAGE OF THE RITUALIST IN THE DOCUMENTS OF THE AUTHORITIES AND DESCRIP-TIONS OF RESEARCHERS OF THE OLD BELIEVERS OF BURYATIA (late 19th – early 20th century)

2020 ◽  
pp. 166-175
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Khomyakov
Keyword(s):  
Moral Education ◽  
Eternal Life ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of

For the Old-Rite population of Buryatia, since its appearance in the region, the task of preserving the old Orthodox faith and religious unity – in their opinion, the key to the salvation of the soul and eternal life – became an urgent necessity. In the absence (or status non-recognition) of priests, guides in the faith and intermediaries between the laity and the God, the main ceremonial functions were performed by ritualists chosen by the population and not recognized as clergy by the official Church. As tasks, the article examines the issue of assessments made by researchers of the 19th – 20th centuries concerning the role of a ritualist in the life of an ordinary Old Believer, which would give the opportunity to better identify its relevance to the community. Also, analyzing the documents of the tsarist and Soviet rule, the article raises the question about the differences between them within the boundaries of permissible control and admissible jurisdiction of ritualists, which will give more information about the different vision of their potential or obvious threats to the events, which certainly was dictated by a particular policy. Hence, the aim of this work is to analyze the image of a ritualist in the studies of the Russian Orthodox Church missionaries and scientists of the late 19th – early 20th centuries, as well as in the documents of the authorities, which will enable to better understand the relationship of his status with the integrity of the community specifics and its protection from external influence. The object of the study is the status of a ritualist in the Old Believer villages of Buryatia; the subject is assessments of its activities by scientists and government agencies. As the main conclusions, it is possible to say that, taking into account the authority and significance in the settlements, the ritualists’ field of activity was much wider than the practice of worship and interpretation of the Holy books. The ritualists had a fundamental influence on the daily life of a person, in the absence of an alternative opinion, they imposed their own one in matters of medicine, as well as education and moral education of young people. It is not surprising that they were the subject of special interest of researchers who visited the villages of Old Believers of Buryatia at the turn of 19th – 20th centuries and saw ritualists as the main custodians of not only religious but cultural identity of the Old Believers as well. For the same reason, they attracted negative attention of the official authorities, who wanted to weaken their authority (the tsarist government justified this by returning schismatics to the bosom of the Orthodox Church, the revolutionary government – by the need to build a unified Soviet society).

scholarly journals The administrative and canonical status of the Belarusian Metropolis during the periods of German occupation and post-war emigration (1941–1956)

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-50
Author(s):  
Aliaxandr V. Slesarau
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
German Occupation ◽  
Church Life ◽  
National Question ◽  
The Status ◽  
Post War ◽  
Canonical Status

The article is devoted to considering the specifics of the administrative and canonical status of the Belarusian Metropolis in the diaspora, during 1946–1956 stayed in the jurisdiction of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad. The conclusion is drawn about what happened from 1950 to 1956 phasing down the status of the metropolis, which led to the cessation of its existence. One of the most important reasons for the liquidation of the Belarusian Metropolis in the diaspora seems to be the fear of the Russian Orthodox Church Abroad bishop about the possible occurrence of disturbances in church life caused by the national question. The liquidation of the Belarusian Metropolis led to a deeper integration of Belarusian emigrants into the cultural environment of the Russian diaspora.

scholarly journals The Yedinoverie Church in the Dnipro Ukraine in the structure of the Russian Orthodox Church (the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Natalia Dianova
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Article ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Soviet Power ◽  
Russian Government ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
The Common ◽  
Definition Of

In the presented scientific article, an attempt was made to study the origins of the origin of the Yedinoverie Church in the Dnipro Ukraine, the main stages of its development in the 19th and early 20th centuries and the definition of a place of common faith in the structure of the Russian Orthodox Church. Historical conditions and peculiarities of the emergence of uniformity are analyzed as a form of compromise between the Old Believers and the official Orthodox Church. The role of the Slavonic and Kherson Archbishop Nikifor (Feotoki) in the origin of the common religion and the reaction of the Holy Synod to its actions is examined. The process of creating Yedinoverie Church and the dynamics of its development in different regions of the Dnipro Ukraine is studied. In the context of the topic under consideration, scientific and interest documents are published and archived, which give an opportunity to consider certain aspects of the activities of the clergymen of the faith Edinoverie Church. The attitude of soviet power and the official Orthodox Church to the unity of faith at various stages of the period under investigation is considered. The main criteria of pressure on the Old Believers to join them in the Yedinoverie Church are clarified. It is noted that the activities of the Russian government did not bring the desired results and the number of co-religionists did not increase significantly. The reasons were the unwillingness of the Old Believers to change their spiritual priorities and the disappointment in the activities of the Russian Orthodox Church. With time, already in the first half of the XX century, the Yedinoverie Church, fulfilling its mission of associating schismatics with official Orthodoxy, became an integral part of the Russian Orthodox Church. Its church temples and monasteries gradually changed their status to Orthodox.

Patriotic Service of the Russian Orthodox Church and Religious Organizations During the Great Patriotic War: Chronicle of the Feat

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Natalya Shafazhinskaya
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Patriotic Education ◽  
Great Victory

The article is devoted to the theme of Patriotic and social service of Russian Orthodox Church in the tragic and, along with that glorious period of the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945 was marked by important achievements of the Patriotic service of the spiritual hierarchs and leaders of Orthodox culture in the context of the events of the liberation struggle of the Soviet people in the great Patriotic war. It describes some of the fate of ascetics, both in the Soviet Union and abroad, who, in the face of opposition to the Nazi regime, continued to serve, performed Christian feats and made a significant contribution to the approach of the great Victory in the great Patriotic war and World War II. The importance of a thorough study of the activities of religious figures throughout the war period is associated with the need for a more objective assessment of the contribution of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Great Victory. The importance of a thorough study of the activities of religious figures throughout the war period is associated with the need for a more objective assessment of the contribution of the Russian Orthodox Church to the Great Victory. In addition, the Ministry of Orthodox leaders and Christian ascetics should be reflected in the program of Patriotic education of students and schoolchildren as a necessary component of comprehensive humanitarian and spiritual and moral education of modern youth.

scholarly journals Splits and sects in the Azov region and the authorities of the Russian Empire: Failed compromise in the nineteenth century

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-489
Author(s):  
Tamara S. Olenich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Empire ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Interfaith Relations ◽  
Azov Region ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The 19Th Century

The article discusses the features of the emergence and spread of sectarian organizations and Old Believer communities in the Azov region in the 19th century. It is shown that the processes of the spread of sectarian organizations century were very active, which is explained by the fact that sectarian organizations had a broad social base and expanded dynamically, despite restrictions from the official government. The laws in force at that time limited the activities carried out by the Russian Orthodox Church in counteracting the process of promoting sectarian teachings at that time. The article illustrates that some of the representatives of sectarianism disguised themselves as Orthodox and compactly lived within the boundaries of church parishes. Proselytizing sectarianism was especially active in the territory of the Yekaterinoslav province by organizations such as the Molokans, Khlysts, Skoptsy, Old Believers, and others. This article characterizes the prevailing political and legal conditions for the spread of the sects, as well as the features of the system of religious relations that have developed in the region. On the basis of archival data, the number of such sects as the Molokans, the Whips, the Old Believers and the Evangelists, etc., was studied. The specificity of religious relations between representatives of different religious groups in the Azov region is analyzed within the framework of a unique phenomenon — a polymodel system of the interfaith relations.

scholarly journals Translating Anna Karenina - to the Question About the Pragmatics of Translation

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-315
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Gurina
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Word Order ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Anna Karenina ◽  
The World ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the stylistic peculiarities of the translations made by R. Pevear and L. Volokhonsky, L. and A. Maud, J. Carmichael of the novel Anna Karenina by L. Tolstoy on the basis of pragmastylistics and comparative analysis. It tries to analyze the text of the novel using the lingo-stylistic characteristics in accordance with the national bias in the way of thinking and individual creative preferences of every translator taking an attempt to introduce a foreign picture of the world to his countrymen. It underlines the impact of Tolstoy’s complicated attitude towards the customs and traditions of the Russian Orthodox church and the specific relationship of the author of the novel with God and its manifestation in the description of the heroes’ characters. In stresses how vital it may turn out to preserve the author’s ideostyle - lexis and syntax (the word order, the choice of them and the length of the sentences) for the successful interpretation of the writer’s views and stance by the reader.

scholarly journals Political Implications of Orthodox Identity: An Example of the World Russian People’s Council

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 600-613
Author(s):  
Natalya D. Shikher
Keyword(s):  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Freedom Of Conscience ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Religious Associations ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right

The article examines the conceptual ideas of the World Russian Peoples Council, acting under the auspices of the Russian Orthodox Church, regarding the implementation of the right to freedom of conscience and the status of religious associations in Russia. Furthermore, the speeches of heads of the states at the Councils were studied for their attitude to the ideological content of the activities of this organization. On the basis of the data obtained, the author attempts to find a correlation between the proposals voiced at the Councils on changing certain aspects in the religious sphere and the reforms of the Russian legislation on freedom of conscience. As a result of this study, a striking coincidence was revealed between the two factors mentioned: the provisions discussed at the Councils, as a rule, after some time were reflected in Russian normative legal acts. Not having sufficient grounds for declaring an unambiguous causal relationship between conciliar ideas and legislative reform, one can, in any case, assume a significant impact of the activities of the World Russian Peoples Council on the state policy in implementation of the right to freedom of conscience in modern Russia.

scholarly journals Russian Church Schism and the Formation of “Two Russias”

2014 ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Kirill M. Tovbin
Keyword(s):  
17Th Century ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Church Schism ◽  
Spiritual Movement ◽  
Negative Identity ◽  
Postmodern Spirituality

Describes the course and nature of Raskol (splitting of the Russian Orthodox Church in the 17th century). The author considers the effects of the split on Old Believers, which led to the enforced adaptation of ideological modernism that combined with their original traditionalism. While proceeding from participants of traditional spiritual movement to religious adepts, Old Believers have developed their own ideology and negative identity (which are the main points of the modern type of religiosity). Though Old Believers confronted Modernity both ideologically and mentally, they used veiled postmodern mechanisms, which are actively run today for shaping stylistics and imitationalism of the postmodern spirituality.

scholarly journals Bishop Apollos (Belyaev) and Development of Vyatka Diocese in 1866—1885

2021 ◽  
pp. 396-412
Author(s):  
M. Yu. Polovnikova
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Missionary Work ◽  
Historical Comparative ◽  
First Time ◽  
Positive Results

Using mainly historical-comparative and historical-genetic methods, the issue of the development of the Vyatka and Slobodsk dioceses, which coincides within the borders with the Vyatka province, under Bishop Apollos (Belyaev), is considered in the article. The author pays special attention to the process of organizing religious, educational and missionary activities, and up to the appointment of Bishop Apollos, the results of this work were insignificant. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time it comprehensively examines the activities of the Vyatka Bishop Apollos in terms of the implementation of a nationwide religious course, which included active educational and missionary work of the local clergy. Under Bishop Apollos, to increase the influence of the clergy on the local population, including the Old Believers and non-Orthodox, important transformations were carried out: a separate vicariate was allocated in the diocese, the Vyatka Committee of the Orthodox Missionary Society and the Vyatka Brotherhood of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker were opened, and the work of the local clergy was also generally reorganized. This gave the first positive results in strengthening the position of the Russian Orthodox Church among the local population of the Vyatka diocese.

scholarly journals The Provisional Government’s Bill regarding the “Legalization” of Russia’s Third Orthodox Church—Old Orthodox Belokrinitskaya Hierarchy

Slovene ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 540-560
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Babkin
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Roman Catholic Church ◽  
Russian Orthodox ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Old Believers ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Status ◽  
State Relations

The legislative acts of the Provisional Government regulating the functioning of religious organizations has not been sufficiently studied. The bills, which were created in the various ministries of the Provisional Government and failed to become law, are virtually unexplored. On the wave of political events in Russia in February and March 1917, the nondenominational Provisional Government came to power. There arose the need for a comprehensive reform of public administration in Russia and, in particular, church-state relations. In the bowels of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Provisional Government, there was created a structure that developed the draft laws on the status of various denominations: 1) the group on general religious issues; 2) the commission for the revision of the statutory provisions about the Roman Catholic Church in Russia; and 3) the group on issues relating to the Old Believers. This publication focuses on the activities of this final group. The main outcome of this group, working in close alliance with representatives of the Old Believers, was the creation of the draft law on the “legalization” of the third Orthodox Church in Russia (after the Russian and Georgian Orthodox Churches), that is, the Old Orthodox Belokrinitskaya Hierarchy, which, in 1988, became known as the Russian Orthodox Old Belief Church. The resulting bill, dated 18 October 1917, was submitted to the Provisional Government for approval. However, it was not approved because of the overthrow of the Provisional Government on 25 October of that same year. The present article introduces this 1917 bill to “legalize” the Russian Old Orthodox Belokrinitskaya Hierarchy into scholarly awareness.

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