Socio-Religious and Legal Perspectives on Women Health in Pakistan

This paper focuses on the sexual health of women and their counteractive action practices against cancer. Steady with acknowledged definitions, inside the extent of this exploration, women's sexual well-being envelops regenerative wellbeing and fruitfulness and the physical, mental, enthusiastic what's more, cultural and social betterment identified with sexuality during a life of an individual. Albeit sexual wellbeing is a phenomenon which is extremely personal to an individual, it is basically impacted by different factors including the personality of an individual, kind of family to which individuals belong, group of friends and peers in which individuals live, and the state laws to which individuals are subjected. These factors are beyond individuals’ control. Other than physical, mental and subjective markers, sexual wellbeing is influenced by political and monetary variables, standards, parts, social qualities, and religious convictions. This article, reflecting on the sexual health of women, presents information generally from creating nations. Also, it provides a circumstantial examination of reproductive tract infections (RTIs) and an understanding of contraceptives’ uses in Pakistan. Further, this paper reflects upon on socio-religious context of Pakistan that affects data on sexual wellbeing. This paper's important contribution is to provide a survey of the integrative model of conduct expectation (Fishbein, 2000) and provide socio-religious and legal perspectives on women sexual health.

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Women health and disease pattern in the rural areas of Bangladesh: a case study on Haimchar upazila under Chandpur district

Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh Science ◽

10.3329/jasbs.v40i1.31731 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 27-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Alak Paul ◽

Md Mahbub Murshed ◽

Samia Akther

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Reproductive Tract ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Health Condition ◽

Reproductive Tract Infections ◽

Women Health ◽

Disease Pattern ◽

Unsafe Water ◽

Tract Infections

The present research has undertaken to understand the women health scenario in a remote rural char land of the country and their health awareness with hygienic practices. Most of the women in the study area were found illiterate and not fully conscious about health and health care aspects. The overall health condition of women in the study area was found very poor and affected various diseases from lack of personal attention and adequate health care. It is evident that most of the women age ranging from 26 to 45 in the study area were the most sufferer of different number of diseases like fever, diarrhoea, skin diseases, asthma, reproductive tract infections (RTI) and various gynecological diseases. It was also identified that, water and sanitation related diseases are very common among the women of the study area which may be the result of using unsafe water and unhygienic sanitation practices.J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 40(1): 27-37, June 2014

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A Study on Prevalence of Reproductive Tract Infections Amongst Women Attending in an Urban Clinic

Chattagram Maa-O-Shishu Hospital Medical College Journal ◽

10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i1.19415 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 32-35

Author(s):

Kabir Ahmed Khan ◽

Sk Md. Jaynul Islam ◽

Shirin Akhter

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Tract ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Well Being ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Health Concern ◽

Reproductive Tract Infections ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Urban Clinic

Introduction: One element of reproductive health that directly concerns human well being is reproductive tract infections (RTI). The magnitude of the problem of RTIs is a growing public health concern in developing countries like Bangladesh. Aim: A study was carried out in the out patient department of a busy urban clinic with an attempt to study the Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs).Materials and Methods: A descriptive type of cross sectional study was carried out in the Gynaecology OPD of an urban clinic at Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh during the period from July 2007 to December 2007. The study population includes the women of reproductive age group (15-49 years). Among 1061 reported women 176 respondents were selected for the study with a systematic purposive sampling technique. Data were collected from prescription sheets of the concerned gynecologist, laboratory investigation reports and questionnaires used for interview.Results: Mean age of the respondents was 30.56+6.1. Among 176, 174 (98.86%) were married. Depending on clinical symptoms 32 (18.19%) were diagnosed as RTI, after clinical examinations 39 (22.16%) and while after laboratory investigations 42 (23.9%) were diagnosed as RTI. Among 39 provisionally diagnosed RTI cases 13 (33.33%) were diagnosed as PID, 10 (25.64%) as mixed infection and 05 (12.82%) as vulvovaginitis clinically. Among 42 confirmed RTI cases 16 (38.09%) were confirmed as bacterial vaginosis, 04 (9.52%) as trichomoniasis, 07 (16.66%) as candidiasis, 06 (14.28%) as mucopurulent cervicitis while 01 (2.38%) was diagnosed as syphilis. Among 28 abortion cases 10 (35.71%) developed RTI while among 38 MR cases 18 (46.36%) developed RTI. Among 34 IUD users 22 (64.7%) developed RTI while for other contraceptive method users only 19 (15.8%) developed RTI.Conclusion: Although the study was in a limited scale and the findings of it will not only serve as a guideline for taking preventive measures, but can be used as a basis for futureresearch and planning.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i1.19415

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Syndromic approach for diagnosis of reproductive tract infections among women attending gynaecology OPD in a teaching hospital

MedPulse International Journal of Gynecology ◽

10.26611/10121139 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 122-125

Author(s):

Surabhi Saharan ◽

◽

Jaya Choudhary ◽

Aakarsh Sinha ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Teaching Hospital ◽

Reproductive Tract ◽

Reproductive Tract Infections ◽

Syndromic Approach ◽

Tract Infections

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Reproductive Tract Infections in Dairy Cows: Can Probiotics Curb Down the Incidence Rate?

Dairy ◽

10.3390/dairy2010004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 40-64

Author(s):

Eduardo Barahona Rosales ◽

Burim N. Ametaj

Keyword(s):

Dairy Cows ◽

Reproductive Tract ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

Contributing Factors ◽

Reproductive Tract Infections ◽

Uterine Health ◽

Lower Fertility ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Uterine Diseases

Postpartum uterine diseases are common in dairy cows and are a great concern for the dairy industry as they are associated with various consequences, including lower fertility, lower milk yield, and an overall negative impact on the host health. An infected uterus is a source of bacterial compounds and cytokines that spill into the systemic circulation, spreading inflammation to other organs. In this review article, we discuss a short overview of the anatomy of the reproductive tract of dairy cows and several infectious diseases of the uterus including metritis, endometritis, and pyometra. Additionally, we discuss the microbiome of the reproductive tract in health and during uterine diseases. As well, diagnostic criteria for metritis and endometritis and contributing factors for increased susceptibility to metritis infection are important topics of this review. To better understand how the uterus and reproductive tract respond to bacterial pathogens, a section of this review is dedicated to immunity of the reproductive tract. Both the innate and adaptive immunity systems are also discussed. We conclude the review with a factual discussion about the current treatments of uterine diseases and the new developments in the area of application of probiotics for uterine health. Mechanisms of actions of probiotics are discussed in detail and also some applications to prevent uterine infections in dairy cows are discussed.

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Identifying Risk Factors for Lower Reproductive Tract Infections among Women Using Reusable Absorbents in Odisha, India

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18094778 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (9) ◽

pp. 4778

Author(s):

Padmalaya Das ◽

Danielle Lisnek ◽

Krushna Chandra Sahoo ◽

Shalini Sinha ◽

JyotiRanjan Mohanty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Reproductive Tract ◽

Laboratory Diagnosis ◽

Poverty Line ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Reproductive Tract Infections ◽

Menstrual Hygiene ◽

Socio Demographic Factors ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Study Laboratory

A large proportion of women in Odisha, India, use reusable absorbents to manage their menstruation. Yet, the risk factors for lower reproductive tract infections (RTIs) related to menstrual hygiene management (MHM) have not been studied among reusable absorbent users. Women of reproductive age attending one of two hospitals from two different cities in Odisha during two separate study intervals were recruited for the study. Laboratory diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) were conducted. A questionnaire was used to collect information on MHM practices, water, sanitation, and socio-demographic factors. Among the 509 women who used reusable absorbents, 71.7% were diagnosed with at least one infection. After adjusting for confounders, women with BV were more likely to identify as being a housewife (aOR: 1.8 (1.1–2.9)). Frequent absorbent changing was protective against BV (aOR: 0.5 (0.3–0.8)), whereas frequent body washing increased the odds of BV (aOR: 1.5 (1.0–2.2)). Women with VVC were more likely to be older (aOR: 1.6 (1.0–2.5)), live below the poverty line (aOR: 1.5 (1.1–2.2)), have a non-private household latrine (aOR: 2.2 (1.3–4.0)), dry their absorbents inside the house (aOR: 3.7 (2.5–4.5)), and store absorbents in the latrine area (aOR: 2.0 (1.3–2.9)). Washing absorbents outside the house was protective against VVC (aOR: 0.7 (0.4–1.0)). This study highlights the importance of improving MHM practices among reusable absorbent users to prevent lower RTIs among women reusing menstrual materials in Odisha.

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