scholarly journals Effect of Organic Matter and Initial Moisture Content on Water Transmission Characteristics of Alfisols of Assam

Agropedology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Nayak ◽  
◽  
D. K. Patgiri ◽  
T. C. Baruah ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
Wetting Front ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Increase With Increase ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Water Transmission

A study was conducted to study the effect of organic matter and initial moisture content on water transmission behaviour of three texturally different Alfisols. Saturated hydraulic conductivity showed a variable increase with increase in organic matter. Soil water diffusivity D (θ) showed an irregular trend with increasing levels of organic matter while sorptivity (s) increased with increasing levels of organic matter, penetrability (P) of wetting front decreased. Weighted mean diffusivity did not show any particular trend amongst the treatments, however, it was found to be higher in treated soils as compared to untreated control. Specific water capacity increased with increasing levels of organic matter, while capillary conductivity (k) did not show any definite trend. All the water transmission parameters except sorptivity were found to be increased with an increase in initial moisture content. Diffusivity was in general higher at lower initial moisture content indicating that soil water diffusivity was greatly influenced by initial moisture content. Prediction of D (θ) was, by and large, satisfactory in coarse textured soils and inconclusive in case of K (θ) relation in most of the soils.

scholarly journals Effect of Plastic Film Residue on Vertical Infiltration Under Different Initial Soil Moisture Contents and Dry Bulk Densities

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1346
Author(s):  
Junhao Cao ◽  
Pengpeng Chen ◽  
Yupeng Li ◽  
Heng Fang ◽  
Xiaobo Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Plastic Film ◽  
Wetting Front ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Pollution Area

In arid and semi-arid regions, plastic film mulching can effectively improve crop yield, but with the increase of service life, a lot of residual plastic film (RPF) remains in the soil. The application of a RPF to a soil will alter soil moisture processes, and thus, affect the soil water distribution and its effectiveness. A quadratic regression orthogonal design was used to study the effects of initial moisture content (IMC), dry bulk density (DBD), residual plastic film content (RPFC), and the burial depth of RPF on the migration time of wetting front (MF), moisture content (MC), and accumulative infiltration (AI) of a test soil. It was found that IMC, DBD, and RPFC were the main factors affecting MC, MF, and AI, while the burial depth of RPF had no significant influence. The order of influence for the factors affecting MF was IMC > DBD > RPFC, while the order of influence for the factors affecting MC and AI was DBD > IMC > RPFC. RPFC was parabolic in relation to MF, MC, and AI, when it was in the range of 50–100 kg/hm2, while within the same range MC and AI reached a maximum and MF reached a minimum. The analysis of the interactive responses revealed that when the DBD was greater than 1.29g/cm3, the MF initially decreased and then increased with the increase of RPFC. When the RPFC was more than 100 kg/hm2, the MF initially increased and then decreased with the increase of the DBD. When the DBD was larger than 1.31 g/cm3, the AI initially increased and then decreased with the increase of RPFC. It was apparent that the RPF not only had a blocking effect on the wetting front, but also affected the water flow. When the RPFC was between 50 and 100 kg/hm2, the soil MC was significantly increased. It was suggested that the RPF pollution area should increase the mechanical recovery of plastic film, standardize the use and recycling of agricultural RPF, optimize the planting model, and establish a recyclable model for the treatment of RPF pollution, and it was proposed that the RPFC remaining after recovery of the RPF should be less than 50 kg/hm2.This study can prove the law of soil water movement in the residue film pollution area and provide reference and solution ideas for the comprehensive treatment of residue film pollution in farmland.

Unsaturated water transmission characteristics of soils in relation to texture, aggregate size and initial moisture content

1989 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
M. C. Mundra ◽  
Raj Pal ◽  
R. S. Siyag ◽  
S. R. Poonia
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Texture ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Water Diffusivity ◽  
Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Transmission

SummaryTo study the effect of soil texture, aggregate size and initial moisture content on soil water diffusivity, D(θ), and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, K(θ), horizontal absorption experiments were conducted on samples of loamy sand, sandy loam and clay–loam soils as well as on artificially prepared water-stable aggregates of a clay–loam sample (sizes 0.·25–0–25, 0·25–0·5, 0·5–1, 1–2, and 2–4 mm). For comparable moisture contents, D(θ) followed the order loamy sand > sandy loam > clay–loam. The effect of initial moisture content on D(θ) varied with soil texture. K(θ), which was evaluated using D(θ) for air-dry initial moisture content and the slopes of the water retention curves, also varied with soil texture.The D(θ) function for air-dry initial moisture content increased with the decrease in aggregate size, the increase being more pronounced below a size of 1 mm. Values of D(θ) obtained from initially airdry soil and at 10% of saturation moisture content did not differ greatly from one another. The K(θ) function was almost the same for aggregate sizes 1–2 and 2–4 mm. In the size ranges of < 1 mm, K(θ) increased with the decrease in aggregate size. The particle/aggregate size range of 0·1–0·5 mm was the most conducive to unsaturated water flow.

scholarly journals Measuring Water Transmission Parameters in Vadose Zone Using Ponded Infiltration Techniques

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
D.E. Elrick ◽  
W.D. Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Vadose Zone ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Transmission Parameters ◽  
Primary Mechanism ◽  
Soil Water Flow ◽  
Constant Head ◽  
Water Transmission ◽  
Infiltration Techniques

The flow of soil water is characterized by water transmission parameters, field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, matric flux potential and sorptivity. Soil water flow is, in turn, the primary mechanism by which soil contaminants, such as excess plant nutrient, bacteria, viruses, salts, and industrial chemicals are transported. Consequently, knowledge of soil water transmission parameters is essential for understanding, preventing and remediating the contamination of soil water and ground water. This paper describes steady-state and transient methods for obtaining soil water transmission parameters from ponded infiltration under constant head and falling head conditions in surface rings and shallow auger holes. Also discussed are the conditions under which the various methods are most appropriate. 

Note on the three-parameter functions for soil water diffusivity - Water content relationships

Soil Research ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 361 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Murali ◽  
Murti GSR Krishna ◽  
AK Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Water Diffusivity

Two three-parameter functions to describe soil water diffusivity (D)-moisture content (�) relationships were statistically tested with experimental data of 20 soils of India. The results showed that the shapes of the experimental D(�) relations could be accurately described by the three-parameter functions tested. The two functions used are D(�) = a. � m/( �c �)n log D = ao + a1 � + a2/(�c- �), where a, ao, a1, m and n are constants and �c is moisture content close to saturation.

Influence of evaporation suppressants on water movement in soils

Soil Research ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
JW Kijne
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Cetyl Alcohol ◽  
Fatty Alcohols ◽  
Wetting Front ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Hydrophobic Character ◽  
Water Diffusivity

The soil-water diffusivity was determined as a function of water content for Urrbrae fine sandy loam treated with two fatty alcohols, two amines, Krilium, polyvinyl alcohol, and Carbowax. The fatty alcohols and dodecylamine had the strongest influence on soil-water diffusivity throughout the whole range of soil-water contents. Treatment with these amendments markedly reduced capillary flow of water to the soil surface. Dodecylamine reduced the rate of infiltration into the soil. Heats of wetting of the treated soil samples indicated that penetration rate and diffusivity near saturation were reduced in accordance with the hydrophobic character of the adsorbed compound. Cetyl alcohol was partly desorbed when water permeated through cetyl-alcohol-treated soil, forming a film on the advancing wetting front. This resulted in a slower rate of penetration than would have been expected from the hydrophobic character of the complex.

Study on Antifouling Properties of Clay in Unsaturated Zone in Xiaodian District of Taiyuan City

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 552-557
Author(s):  
Xiao Niu Li ◽  
Xiao De Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unsaturated Zone ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Adsorption Effect ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Distribution Rule ◽  
The Impact

The characteristics and distribution rule of viscous soil in unsaturated zone is the key factor that influence on the natural attenuation of pollutant, so, it is necessary to study the antifouling performance of cohesive soils. In this paper, the barrier adsorption effect of COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) were discussed according to soil column experiment. Meanwhile, it analyzed the impact of some properties of viscous soil on experimental result, such as initial PH, initial moisture content, initial organic matter and microorganism content. Research results are shown as follows. Firstly, initial moisture content is passively correlated with the adsorption of TDS. Secondly, organic matter content is positively correlated with the adsorption of COD. Thirdly, microorganism content is positively correlated with the adsorption of COD and TDS. The Antifouling ability of soil may be evaluated by means of filtration capability and adequacy thickness. Research results would provide basis for pollution control of soil.

Examination of Tobacco Hygroscopicity / Über die Hygroskopizität des Tabaks

1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Hübschen
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sorption Isotherm ◽  
Initial Moisture Content

AbstractThe present paper shows the detectable factors on which a sorption isotherm depends. Even if it is well-known that a sorption isotherm is most essentially conditioned by influences of the respective tobacco variety, other factors, such as temperature, initial moisture content, or fibre dimension, play a part as well. In general, a sorption isotherm constitutes a ''summation'' of such factors and, in the end, a combination of desorption and adsorption if the tobacco is dried or moistened from the average commercial moisture content. The tobacco hysteresis is experimentally investigated and discussed

Pengeringan Biji Kakao dengan Pengering Surya Tipe Terowong Berpenggerak Sel Fotovoltaik di Manokwari

Agrotek ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Palelingan Aman
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Tunnel Dryer ◽  
Heat Collector ◽  
New Construction

<em>A research about cocoa beans drying used solar tunnel dryer with photovoltaic module driven have conducted in Manokwari. Solar tunnel dryer used in this research adapted from type Hohenheim with photovoltaic module and integrated air heat collector has been installed at the Department of Agricultural Technology, Papua State University Manokwari to dried cocoa beans. The objectives of this research were to design solar tunnel dryer and evaluate it�s performance in dryed cocoa beans. The result obtained was a new construction of solar tunnel dryer for cocoa beans with dimensions 6 m of length and 0,9 m of wide. The dryer completed with photovoltaic module to drive the blowers of hot drying air. �Performance test of the dryer showed that drying of 10 kg of cocoa beans with initial moisture content about 70% wet basis needed 13 hours of drying time to achieved final moisture content about 7,17% wet basis. The drying time achieved was faster compared than traditional solar drying that needed 20 hours of drying time. The maximum temperature achieved in drying chamber was 60 <sup>o</sup>C.</em>

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