scholarly journals Comparative analysis of population mortality in the cities of Severodvinsk and Arkhangelsk

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Saltykova ◽  
IP Bobrovnitskiy ◽  
AV Balakaeva
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Working Age ◽  
External Causes ◽  
Dose Radiation

Increasing use of ionizing radiation sources in different spheres of human life dictates the need for investigating the effects of low-dose radiation on mortality and morbidity. The aim of this study was to compare mortality from the most common non-communicable diseases in the cities of Severodvinsk and Arkhangelsk. We analyzed the rates of age- and sex-specific mortality from circulatory system diseases (CSD), malignancies, digestive system disorders, respiratory system diseases, and external causes. CSD-related mortality among men and women past working age was higher in Severodvinsk than in Arkhangelsk (median (Q1; Q3): 3,349 (3,271; 3,458) vs 2,651 (2,618; 2,756), p < 0.012; 1,947 (1,890; 2,022) vs 1,753 (1,727; 1,809), p < 0.012; 292 (281; 342) vs 265 (253; 274), p < 0.025, respectively). For other causes of death, mortality rates in Severodvinsk did not exceed those in Arkhangelsk. Increased mortality from CSD in Severodvinsk cannot be linked to socioeconomic conditions or chemical air pollution because the standard of living is higher in Severodvinsk than in Arkhangelsk, whereas the level of chemical pollution is lower. At the same time, the presence of the nuclear shipyard and radioactive waste repository in Severodvinsk could cause chronic exposure to low-dose radiation. It is important to expand preventive measures aimed at early detection of vascular damage in nuclear workers and general groups of population residing in the vicinity of hazardous radiation sites.

Krajské mestá Slovenska v kontexte príčin smrti

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Vilinová ◽  
Jozef Kudlej
Keyword(s):  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Circulatory System Diseases ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
External Causes ◽  
The Right

Interest in the health of the population is intensifying today. The main reasons include social, political and economic changes, but also the ongoing pandemic related to the spread of the COVID-19 virus. Due to many demographic changes in recent years, the study of the health status of the population emphasizes one of the demographic processes, which is mortality. The structure of the causes of death is very often monitored. After the stabilization of mortality and morbidity from infectious diseases in the eighties, civilization diseases such as circulatory system diseases and tumors came to the forefront of social interest in Slovakia. This indicator is also important in terms of the right direction in the field of regional development in relation to health care in individual regions. The aim of the paper is to characterize the structure of causes of death in regional cities of Slovakia. This paper will be based on data from the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic for the period 1996-2017. The main methods used in the work will be methods of analysis, synthesis, as well as graphic and cartographic methods. In all regional cities of Slovakia, diseases of the circulatory system clearly dominated in men and women during the entire period under review. They were followed by cancer and external causes. The group of five most common causes was supplemented by diseases of the respiratory and digestive system.

Review of Radiation Technologies for the Treatment of Covid-19 Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
E Sarapultseva ◽  
A Garmash ◽  
E Gromushkina ◽  
E Gameeva ◽  
D Maksarova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Dose Radiation

Due to the long-term lack of effective pharmacological concepts, the situation with the spread of a new coronavirus infection in 2019 (COVID-19) has aroused interest in considering the possible use of radiation technologies, including historical reports on the treatment of patients with pneumonia using low-dose radiation therapy. A brief review of articles on clinical trials of radiation technologies in the fight against COVID-19 is conducted. The authors of most of the analyzed articles, as well as the authors of this review, conclude that the available scientific data do not justify clinical trials of low-dose radiation therapy for the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia due to the unclear benefits and risks of mortality from radiation-induced diseases, including radiogenic cancer and diseases of the circulatory system.

scholarly journals A systematic review on the effect of low-dose radiation on hearing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srikanth Nayak ◽  
Arivudai Nambi ◽  
Sathish Kumar ◽  
P Hariprakash ◽  
Pradeep Yuvaraj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Behavioral Symptoms ◽  
National Council ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Dose Radiation

AbstractNumerous studies have documented the adverse effects of high-dose radiation on hearing in patients. On the other hand, radiographers are exposed to a low dose of ionizing radiation, and the effect of a low dose of radiation on hearing is quite abstruse. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to elucidate the effect of low-dose ionizing radiation on hearing. Two authors independently carried out a comprehensive data search in three electronic databases, including PUBMED/MEDLINE, CINAHL, and SCOPUS. Eligible articles were independently assessed for quality by two authors. Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used assess quality of the included studies. Two articles met the low-dose radiation exposure criteria given by Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) and National Council on Radiation Protection (NCRP) guidelines. Both studies observed the behavioral symptoms, pure-tone hearing sensitivity at the standard, extended high frequencies, and the middle ear functioning in low-dose radiation-exposed individuals and compared with age and gender-matched controls. One study assessed the cochlear function using transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE). Both studies reported that behavioral symptoms of auditory dysfunction and hearing thresholds at extended high frequencies were higher in radiation-exposed individuals than in the controls. The current systematic review concludes that the low-dose ionizing radiation may affect the hearing adversely. Nevertheless, further studies with robust research design are required to explicate the cause and effect relationship between the occupational low-dose ionizing radiation exposure and hearing.

scholarly journals Double-layered fiber for lightweight flexible clothing providing shielding from low-dose natural radiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seon-Chil Kim ◽  
Jun Sik Son
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Layered Composite ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Flight Attendants ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Natural Radiation ◽  
Composite Yarn ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Fiber Fabric ◽  
Dose Radiation

AbstractNatural and medical radiation are the most frequent sources of daily low-dose radiation exposure for the general public, but these radiation levels are generally acceptable. Among various occupations, aviation crew members and medical workers are exposed to high levels of radiation from scattered rays. This study focused on developing clothing for shielding aviation crew members from natural radiation during air travel. Materials were selected considering their radiation-shielding properties. A tungsten double-layered composite yarn and a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber fabric containing BaSO4 were manufactured. The characteristics and shielding performances of the products were analyzed. Prototypes of a protective scarf (for shielding the thyroid gland) and apron (for shielding the torso) for flight attendants were produced. A lightweight fabric was produced that neither restricts the movement of the wearer nor causes them skin discomfort. The shielding performances of the tungsten composite and PET fiber fabrics containing BaSO4 were 0.018 mmPb and 0.03 mmPb, respectively, demonstrating low-dose shielding that may be useful for protecting aviation crew members from scattered rays. The characteristics of the developed fibers are comparable to those of materials used in clothing production; therefore, low-dose radiation-shielding clothing could be manufactured for use in aviation, medical, and other industries.

Sensitization of cervical cancer cell lines to low-dose radiation by retinoic acid does not require functional p53

2005 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd D. Tillmanns ◽  
Scott A. Kamelle ◽  
Suresh Guruswamy ◽  
Natalie S. Gould ◽  
Teresa L. Rutledge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cervical Cancer Cell ◽  
Low Dose Radiation ◽  
Dose Radiation
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