Kinetic Study on the Effect of Substrate and Micronutrient Inhibition during Anaerobic Fermentation of Biohydrogen

There are several factors that influence the production of biohydrogen by dark fermentation including inoculum seeds, type and concentration of substrate, pH, temperature, presence of micronutrient and reactor configuration. Previous research has proven that the concentration of substrate and the presence of micronutrient will influence the yield and productivity of biohydrogen production. However, improvement of yield and productivity of the process can only be achieved once the system is under the optimum amount of substrate and micronutrient. Therefore, the best way to determine the effect of substrate concentration and presence of micronutrient is through kinetic study that was done using Monod model along with Andrews model. Besides that, the substrate inhibition effect also will be evaluated to determine the maximum substrate that needs to be supplied for maximum hydrogen production, and thus supplied the information for economic feasibility for fermentation process. In the meantime, the inhibition effect of adding the iron nanoparticles also had been evaluated in order to understand the interaction effect between iron nanoparticles and bacteria in term of catabolism reaction. It was found that increasing the substrate concentration more than 10 g/l will cause the inhibition to the system, in which it will slow down the reaction process and reduced the production of hydrogen. While the presence of iron NPs more than its optimum value (200 mg/l) will inhibit the bacterial growth and hence, affect the hydrogen production. For both cases, when the inhibition occurred at the respective concentration, it was found that the metabolic pathway was shifted to produce more hydrogen-consuming metabolite such as propionate acid, and thus, dropped the hydrogen production.

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Effects of pH value and substrate concentration on hydrogen production from the anaerobic fermentation of glucose

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.09.048 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 33 (24) ◽

pp. 7413-7418 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

Z LI ◽

H WANG ◽

Z TANG ◽

X WANG ◽

J BAI

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Substrate Concentration ◽

Ph Value ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Effects Of Ph

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Kinetic study of biological hydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy ◽

10.1016/j.ijhydene.2006.02.020 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 31 (15) ◽

pp. 2170-2178 ◽

Cited By ~ 174

Author(s):

W CHEN ◽

S CHEN ◽

S KUMARKHANAL ◽

S SUNG

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Kinetic Study ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Biological Hydrogen Production

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Effect of Substrate Concentration on Hydrogen Production from Fermentation of Sugar Wastewater

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.235 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 409-410 ◽

pp. 235-241

Author(s):

Zheng Zhou ◽

Kai Liu ◽

Qiu Yang He

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Production Rate ◽

Substrate Concentration ◽

Anaerobic Fermentation ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Gas Production ◽

Production Performance ◽

Volatile Acid ◽

Hydrogen Production Rate

The biological hydrogen production by the sugar wastewater is an effective way to achieve the reclamation. In this paper, the effect of substrate concentration on the hydrogen production is discussed through employing the self-made continuous flow anaerobic fermentation hydrogen production reactor, taking the sludge in urban sewage treatment plant as the inoculated sludge and the simulated sugar wastewater as the substrate. The experimental results show that the best hydrogen production effect can be obtained when the temperature is (37±1) °C, HRT is 7h, the water alkalinity is around 530mg/L and the substrate concentration is 5000mg/L, namely the organic load is 60kgCOD/(m3·d). The volumes of gas production and hydrogen production both reach the maximum. The average values are respectively 36.2L/d and 21.8L/d. The obtained hydrogen production rate is 0.93kgCOD/(m3·d). During the whole process, the proportion of volatile acid composition remains stable, which is the butyric acid-type fermentation. When the concentration of COD is increased to 6000-8000mg/L, the ability of hydrogen production of system will be significantly dropped due to the increase of pH of system. The hydrogen production performance can be restored through artificially and timely lowering the water alkalinity. However, the hydrogen production rate will be decreased compared to the previous situation.

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Characterization of a Polymeric Membrane for the Separation of Hydrogen in a Mixture with CO2

The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal ◽

10.2174/1876973x01609010126 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 126-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dionisio H. Malagón-Romero ◽

Alexander Ladino ◽

Nataly Ortiz ◽

Liliana P. Green

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Test Performance ◽

Low Cost ◽

Time Lag ◽

Polymeric Membrane ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Environmentally Sustainable ◽

Production Of Hydrogen

Hydrogen is expected to play an important role as a clean, reliable and renewable energy source. A key challenge is the production of hydrogen in an economically and environmentally sustainable way on an industrial scale. One promising method of hydrogen production is via biological processes using agricultural resources, where the hydrogen is found to be mixed with other gases, such as carbon dioxide. Thus, to separate hydrogen from the mixture, it is challenging to implement and evaluate a simple, low cost, reliable and efficient separation process. So, the aim of this work was to develop a polymeric membrane for hydrogen separation. The developed membranes were made of polysulfone via phase inversion by a controlled evaporation method with 5 wt % and 10 wt % of polysulfone resulting in thicknesses of 132 and 239 micrometers, respectively. Membrane characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ASTM D882 tensile test. Performance was characterized using a 23 factorial experiment using the time lag method, comparing the results with those from gas chromatography (GC). As a result, developed membranes exhibited dense microstructures, low values of RMS roughness, and glass transition temperatures of approximately 191.75 °C and 190.43 °C for the 5 wt % and 10 wt % membranes, respectively. Performance results for the given membranes showed a hydrogen selectivity of 8.20 for an evaluated gas mixture 54% hydrogen and 46% carbon dioxide. According to selectivity achieved, H2 separation from carbon dioxide is feasible with possibilities of scalability. These results are important for consolidating hydrogen production from biological processes.

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Hydrogen production from water electrolysis: role of catalysts

Nano Convergence ◽

10.1186/s40580-021-00254-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shan Wang ◽

Aolin Lu ◽

Chuan-Jian Zhong

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Water Splitting ◽

Noble Metal ◽

Active Sites ◽

Current Knowledge ◽

Low Cost ◽

Critical Role ◽

Water Electrolysis ◽

Efficient Production ◽

Production Of Hydrogen

AbstractAs a promising substitute for fossil fuels, hydrogen has emerged as a clean and renewable energy. A key challenge is the efficient production of hydrogen to meet the commercial-scale demand of hydrogen. Water splitting electrolysis is a promising pathway to achieve the efficient hydrogen production in terms of energy conversion and storage in which catalysis or electrocatalysis plays a critical role. The development of active, stable, and low-cost catalysts or electrocatalysts is an essential prerequisite for achieving the desired electrocatalytic hydrogen production from water splitting for practical use, which constitutes the central focus of this review. It will start with an introduction of the water splitting performance evaluation of various electrocatalysts in terms of activity, stability, and efficiency. This will be followed by outlining current knowledge on the two half-cell reactions, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), in terms of reaction mechanisms in alkaline and acidic media. Recent advances in the design and preparation of nanostructured noble-metal and non-noble metal-based electrocatalysts will be discussed. New strategies and insights in exploring the synergistic structure, morphology, composition, and active sites of the nanostructured electrocatalysts for increasing the electrocatalytic activity and stability in HER and OER will be highlighted. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in the design of active and robust electrocatalysts for HER and OER towards efficient production of hydrogen from water splitting electrolysis will also be outlined.

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A Process for Hydrogen Production from the Catalytic Decomposition of Formic Acid over Iridium—Palladium Nanoparticles

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14123258 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. 3258

Author(s):

Hamed M. Alshammari ◽

Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi ◽

Obaid F. Aldosari ◽

Abdulellah S. Alsolami ◽

Nuha A. Alotaibi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Formic Acid ◽

Activated Charcoal ◽

Palladium Nanoparticles ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Catalytic Decomposition ◽

Conversion Yield ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Commercial Applications

The present study investigates a process for the selective production of hydrogen from the catalytic decomposition of formic acid in the presence of iridium and iridium–palladium nanoparticles under various conditions. It was found that a loading of 1 wt.% of 2% palladium in the presence of 1% iridium over activated charcoal led to a 43% conversion of formic acid to hydrogen at room temperature after 4 h. Increasing the temperature to 60 °C led to further decomposition and an improvement in conversion yield to 63%. Dilution of formic acid from 0.5 to 0.2 M improved the decomposition, reaching conversion to 81%. The reported process could potentially be used in commercial applications.

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Iridium Complex Catalyzed Hydrogen Production from Glucose and Various Monosaccharides

Catalysts ◽

10.3390/catal11080891 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 891

Author(s):

Ken-ichi Fujita ◽

Takayoshi Inoue ◽

Toshiki Tanaka ◽

Jaeyoung Jeong ◽

Shohichi Furukawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Catalytic System ◽

Catalytic Reaction ◽

Hydrogen Gas ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Starting Material ◽

Iridium Complex ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

Bipyridine Ligand

A new catalytic system has been developed for hydrogen production from various monosaccharides, mainly glucose, as a starting material under reflux conditions in water in the presence of a water-soluble dicationic iridium complex bearing a functional bipyridine ligand. For example, the reaction of D-glucose in water under reflux for 20 h in the presence of [Cp*Ir(6,6′-dihydroxy-2,2′-bipyridine)(H2O)][OTf]2 (1.0 mol %) (Cp*: pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, OTf: trifluoromethanesulfonate) resulted in the production of hydrogen gas in 95% yield. In the present catalytic reaction, it was experimentally suggested that dehydrogenation of the alcoholic moiety at 1-position of glucose proceeded.

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Enhanced hydrogen production of Rhodobacter sphaeroides promoted by extracellular H+ of Halobacterium salinarum

Annals of Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s13213-021-01621-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 71 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Jiang-Yu Ye ◽

Yue Pan ◽

Yong Wang ◽

Yi-Chao Wang

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Production ◽

Production Rate ◽

Rhodobacter Sphaeroides ◽

Coupled System ◽

Purple Membrane ◽

Halobacterium Salinarum ◽

Control Group ◽

Hydrogen Production Rate ◽

Production Of Hydrogen ◽

The Impact

Abstract Purpose This study utilized the principle that the bacteriorhodopsin (BR) produced by Halobacterium salinarum could increase the hydrogen production of Rhodobacter sphaeroides. H. salinarum are co-cultured with R. sphaeroides to determine the impact of purple membrane fragments (PM) on R. sphaeroides and improve its hydrogen production capacity. Methods In this study, low-salinity in 14 % NaCl domesticates H salinarum. Then, 0–160 nmol of different concentration gradient groups of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) and R. sphaeroides was co-cultivated, and the hydrogen production and pH are measured; then, R. sphaeroides and immobilized BR of different concentrations are used to produce hydrogen to detect the amount of hydrogen. Two-chamber microbial hydrogen production system with proton exchange membrane-assisted proton flow was established, and the system was operated. As additional electricity added under 0.3 V, the hydrogen production rate increased with voltages in the coupled system. Results H salinarum can still grow well after low salt in 14% NaCl domestication. When the BR concentration is 80 nmol, the highest hydrogen production reached 217 mL per hour. Both immobilized PC (packed cells) and immobilized PM (purple membrane) of H. salinarum could promote hydrogen production of R. sphaeroides to some extent. The highest production of hydrogen was obtained by the coupled system with 40 nmol BR of immobilized PC, which increased from 127 to 232 mL, and the maximum H2 production rate was 18.2 mL−1 h−1 L culture. In the 192 h experiment time, when the potential is 0.3 V, the hydrogen production amount can reach 920 mL, which is 50.3% higher than the control group. Conclusions The stability of the system greatly improved after PC was immobilized, and the time for hydrogen production of R. sphaeroides significantly extended on same condition. As additional electricity added under 0.3 V, the hydrogen production rate increased with voltages in the coupled system. These results are helpful to build a hydrogen production-coupled system by nitrogenase of R. sphaeroides and proton pump of H. salinarum. Graphical abstract

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