Analysis of Microbes and their Sensitivity Patterns in Chronic Otitis Media in West Bengal

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-171
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Ghosh ◽  
Swagatam Banerjee ◽  
Puranjay Saha ◽  
Biswajit Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Introduction Chronic otitis media (COM) is a commonly encountered condition in India because of socio-economic factors. Empirical antimicrobial therapy is crucial till definitive surgical management can be done. Periodic updating of prevalence and antibiogram of the etiological microorganisms of COM is thus important.This hospital based study aimed to detect the ongoing trend of microbes associated with chronic otitis media in eastern India and determination of antibiotic sensitivity patterns of bacteria. Materials and Methods A prospective study was conducted wherein ear swabs were taken from discharging ears of selected patients and sent for culture and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Results One hundred and forty two (142) samples were collected from 104 patients. 124 samples revealed monomicrobial involvement while 5 samples did not reveal any pathological organism. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were the most common isolates comprising 31.33 % and 30.67 % respectively. Most organisms were susceptible to fluoroquinolones and aminoglycosides along with imipenem, meropenem followed by penicillin group of antibiotics. Conclusion The huge burden of chronic otitis media patients in India makes it essential to have an evidence-based protocol for initiation of empirical treatment. Hence, an idea about the microbes commonly responsible for disease and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns is helpful in clinical practice.

Evaluation of Bacteriological Profile in Active Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media - A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Smitha B ◽  
Swapna U.P ◽  
Salilkumar K
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Maximum Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Two Samples

BACKGROUND Active mucosal chronic otitis media (COM) is a disease of the middle ear cleft associated with inflammation and production of pus. The incidence is high in developing countries. It affects all age groups and both genders. If not properly treated, it can lead to complications. The bacterial isolates and their sensitivity pattern vary from place to place and also over time. Early identification of the microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns helps in proper selection of antibiotics and quick recovery in COM patients. METHODS Fifty patients with active mucosal COM were selected for the study. The study was conducted over a period of one year. Ear swab from the deep external auditory canal was collected under strict aseptic precautions from these patients before starting antibiotic treatment. Microorganisms were identified by gram staining, growth on different agar plates, and various biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS Majority of the patients were in the age group of 21 - 40 years (42 %) with female preponderance (62 %). All patients had a central perforation in the tympanic membrane (100 %). Bacterial growth was seen in 44 samples (88 %). Two samples (4 %) showed fungal growth. Four samples (8 %) showed no growth even after 48 hours of incubation. Single bacterium was isolated in 41 cases (82 %) whereas 3 samples (6 %) showed more than one bacterial growth. The predominant bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50 %) followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The other isolates were coagulase negative staphylococci, enterococci, enterobacter, acinetobacter, and E coli. Pseudomonas showed maximum sensitivity to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam (100 %). The most effective antibiotics for staphylococcus was vancomycin and linezolid. CONCLUSIONS The most common bacteria isolated in active mucosal COM were pseudomonas followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The most effective antibiotics for pseudomonas was amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam. Staphylococcus showed maximum sensitivity to vancomycin and linezolid. KEYWORDS Chronic Otitis Media (COM), Active Mucosal, Ear Swab, Bacteriology, Sensitivity

scholarly journals Comparison of efficacy of myringoplasty in dry and wet ears in chronic otitis media of tubotympanic type

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yogeshwar Chandrashekar ◽  
Ravishankar Chandrashekar
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hearing Improvement ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Fascia Graft ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The objective of the study was to compare the outcome of myringoplasty in dry and wet ears in tubotympanic type of chronic otitis media (COM) with respect to graft uptake and hearing improvement.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This is a prospective study done in department of ENT Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute during the study period of November 2014 to May 2016, wherein a total of 60 patients of tubotympanic type COM with 30 cases each of dry and wet ears, aged 15-60 years were included. The hearing impairment was assessed and recorded by pure tone audiometry (PTA). After obtaining informed written consent the patients underwent myringoplasty (temporalis fascia graft, underlay technique). Microbiological examination of discharge in wet ears was done and histopathology of the excised remnant TM analyzed in both groups. Both groups of patients were followed up for 3 months and assessed for graft uptake and hearing improvement. PTA was repeated at 3 months postoperatively.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Our study included 60 patients of tubotympanic type of COM with 30 cases each with dry and wet ears who underwent myringoplasty. Majority of our patients were in second decade in both the groups. There was slight female preponderance in our study with male to female ratio of 0.93:1. Discharge from ears in wet ears was mucoid in consistency and were culture negative. Histopathology of excised remnant TM in wet ears revealed evidence of inflammatory cells and vascularization within stroma of fibroblasts while these were absent in dry ear cases. The overall successful graft uptake following myringoplasty was 88.3% with 86.7% for wet ears and 90% for dry ears with no statistical significance (p value of 0.688&gt;0.05) between the two groups. With respect to hearing improvement post-operatively there was significant hearing improvement in both the groups when compared to preoperative hearing with a mean hearing gain (dB) of 3.43±2.81 in wet ear cases to 3.85±3.05 in dry ear cases, but when compared between the two groups, there was no significant statistical difference (p value of 0.582&gt;0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The outcome is equally good for myringoplasty in dry and wet ears in tubotympanic type of chronic otitis media with respect to graft uptake and hearing improvement. </p>

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Preoperative Radiological Findings with Intraoperative Surgical Findings in Squamosal Type of Chronic Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (25) ◽  
pp. 1862-1865
Author(s):  
Sanjana Pradeep ◽  
Swaroop Dev ◽  
Jyothi Swarup Raju ◽  
Shravya Pasunuti
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Semicircular Canal ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Sigmoid Sinus ◽  
Lateral Semicircular Canal ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Hrct Temporal Bone ◽  
A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND Chronic otitis media (COM) of squamosal type is associated with cholestatoma with potential complications. Clinical examination and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans are necessary to assess the disease site and extension. The purpose of the study was to compare the preoperative HRCT findings with the intraoperative surgical findings in squamosal type of chronic otitis media as well as various parameters in HRCT temporal bone and intraoperative findings. METHODS A prospective study was conducted on 30 patients aged between 18 and 60 years of both the genders who presented with chronic otitis media squamosal type, for a period of 22 months who attended the outpatient department of ENT. RESULTS HRCT findings and intraoperative findings were compared and results were analysed. Facial canal erosion (P - 0.0031), tegmen plate erosion (P - 0.0001), sigmoid sinus plate erosion (P - 0.002) were found to be statistically significant. Lateral semicircular canal fistula (P - 0.36) and ossicular status malleus (P - 1.000), incus (P - 0.949), stapes suprastructure (P - 0.984), and stapes footplate erosion (P - 0.977) were found to be statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS In our study, HRCT imaging for COM squamosal type, accurately depicted the soft tissue mass, erosion of tegmen plate, sigmoid sinus plate, scutum, lateral semicircular canal fistula, incus and suprastructure of stapes erosion and the same were found intraoperatively as well. Our study showed good comparison between the preoperative HRCT scans and the surgical findings in cholesteatoma cases. HRCT is confirmed to be valuable in the diagnosis and in guiding the surgical management of cholesteatoma. KEY WORDS Chronic Otitis Media, Cholesteatoma, HRCT Temporal Bone, Modified Radical Mastoidectomy

The Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion

1982 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Bernstein ◽  
Diane Dryja ◽  
Erwin Neter
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Ear Effusion

Twenty-eight middle ear effusions from 27 patients with chronic otitis media with effusion were studied for the presence of bacteria. The most common isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci. However, biochemical and antibiotic sensitivity patterns demonstrated that these organisms represented a heterogenous group. At least three subtypes of coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified from the middle ear effusions, and in only one instance was the isolate from the ear canal identical with that of the middle ear effusion. The data presented suggest that coagulase-negative staphylococci from the middle ear effusions may not be contaminants; however, it cannot be determined from this study whether these organisms play a role as pathogens or as the result of indolent colonization.

Otitis Media and Developmental Disability

1979 ◽  
Vol 88 (5_suppl) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Kudrjavcev ◽  
Bruce S. Schoenberg
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Developmental Disability ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Collaborative Study ◽  
Early School ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
A Prospective Study

Review of the literature indicates that: a) otitis media is a common disorder with risk being highest in the pre- and early school years, b) no marked differences in sex distribution of incidence exist, c) frequent recurrences are the hallmark of this disease, and d) mild hearing deficit lasting for months is not uncommon. A retrospective study in a defined population is suggested as an initial effort to investigate the proposed associations between developmental disability and hearing loss, developmental disability and history of otitis media, and finally, hearing loss and a history of otitis media. Such an approach, however, a) could not determine the absolute risk of developmental disability in children with otitis media, and b) would underestimate the frequency of otitis media, since occult otitis media would not be thus identified. The determination of an accurate incidence of otitis media and of the absolute risk of developmental disability in children with otitis media calls for a prospective study. Such an investigation is likely to be justified only as a part of a collaborative study designed to measure multiple outcomes from a limited number of antecedents.

scholarly journals Tubercular otitis media: an under diagnosed entity

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Maheshwari ◽  
Rajlaxmi Panigrahi
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Delay ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection ◽  
Mycobacterial Culture ◽  
Anti Tubercular Therapy ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Tubercular otitis media (TOM) is a well described rare entity in literature. Its characteristic diagnostic delay leads to severe irreversible complications. Diagnosis is much more difficult when it co-exists with aural cholesteatoma. Its Actual incidence is thought to be much more, than what is reported in literature. This study was carried out to establish TOM as an under diagnosed entity and to study its various presentations<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was performed in 617 cases (both recurrence and new) of chronic otitis media who gave a fully informed consent, for being investigated for a probable diagnosis of TOM, based on history and clinical findings. Histopathological examination of the granulation tissue retrieved during biopsy/mastoid exploration surgery and mycobacterial culture of the aural discharge was performed in all cases. A final diagnosis was made with either of tests being reported as positive for mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. All confirmed cases were treated with a 6 month course of anti-tubercular therapy<span lang="EN-IN">.  </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Diagnosis of TOM was confirmed in 12 cases. M:F ratio was 1:1.4. Cholesteatoma was found to co-exist in 4 cases (33.33%). A positive histopathology report was obtained in 11 cases (91.67%) while the mycobacterial culture yielded growth in 3 cases (25%) only. Canal wall down mastoidectomy was performed in 9 cases. In all cases, a follow-up with a 6 months course of anti-tubercular therapy gave satisfactory healing with no complications<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The incidence of TOM, a potentially dangerous entity is on a rise. Role of surgery is crucial in procuring tissue for histopathological and bacteriological examination.  It is a curable disease if diagnosed in time with early institution of anti-tubercular therapy<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>

scholarly journals Effectiveness of underlay myringoplasty in inactive mucosal chronic otitis media; a prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 398-403
Author(s):  
Dr. Swapna U.P. ◽  
◽  
Dr. Smitha B. ◽  
Dr. Salil Kumar K. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
A Prospective Study

scholarly journals A clinical study of evaluation of tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy in mucosal chronic otitis media

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Ritesh Mahajan ◽  
Nidhi Abraham ◽  
Nagaraj T. M.
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cortical Mastoidectomy ◽  
A Prospective Study

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is one of the most common ear diseases in developing countries with a varying incidence of 3% to 57%. It the disease process is further divided into mucosal type and squamosal type depending on clinical presentation. The mainstay of therapy in CSOM remains surgery which aims at eradication of disease and restoring the hearing mechanism. The main objective of our study was to evaluate the changes and impact of tympanoplasty with mastoidectomy as a surgical treatment modality in mucosal type of CSOM.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was conducted in Rajarajeshwari Medical College and Hospital between November 2015 and June 2017, involving 50 patients with mucosal type of chronic otitis media. These patients, after complete clinical examination and hearing analysis, underwent tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy. Follow-up of the patients was done at one month and three months after the surgery where the parameters recorded preoperatively were assessed.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The graft uptake three months after the surgery was 94%. Patients reported a subjective improvement in symptoms of ear discharge, decreased hearing, earache and tinnitus to 94%, 70%, 86% and 78% respectively. There was hearing improvement in ears that had discharge preoperatively and those ears that did not.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media is a very common problem and it can lead to recurrent ear discharge and hearing problems. Timely intervention is necessary as early diagnosis results in good surgical outcomes and can make an impact on patient’s quality of life.</p>

scholarly journals Study of Antibiotic Sensitivity of Aural Swab and Aetiological Factors of Chronic Otitis Media-Active Mucosal Type

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Md Nesar Uddin ◽  
Mohammed Sirazul Islam ◽  
Mohammad Delwar Hossen ◽  
Mohammed Iftekharul Alam ◽  
Mohammad Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Collection Sheet ◽  
One Year ◽  
Head Neck ◽  
Middle Ear Cleft

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) refers to chronic inflammation of mucoperiosteal lining of middle ear cleft resulting in aural discharge and deafness. The objective of this study is to evaluate the antibiotic sensitivity and aetiological factors of COM. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2017 to June 2018 for duration of one year among the patients who attended with COM- active mucosal disease at Department of ENT & Head Neck Surgry, Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Chattogram. Total 50 cases were isolated and among them 5 cases had been suffering from bilateral COM. Aural swab was taken from 55 ears and a predesigned data collection sheet was duly filled up with the information of socioeconomic status of the patient. The laboratory records of every case was systematically organized. The data were analyzed with simple manual analysis using percentage and frequency. Results: About 24% patients were in 31-40 years age group. Out of 50 patients 62% were male. 44% patient lived in barrack. Ear cleaning habit shows, 32% has got the cleaning habit with cloth and stick. Out of 50 patients 5 had bilateral COM. So out of 55 ears, Culture & sensitivity test viewed that Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most predominant organism - 41.8% followed by S. aureus- 30.9% Antibiotic sensitivity profile shows, 80% cases showing sensitivity to Amikacin then gentamycin-73.3% Resistant 5 cases showed 100% sensitivity to Tazobactum. Again out of 19 cases of Gram positive organism 78.9% were sensitive to Amoxyclav. 3 resistant cases showed 100% sensitivity to Meropenem. Conclusion: By studying this topic we hope to able to make an idea about the aetiological and predisposing factors and antibiotic sensitivity of COM-active mucosal variety. Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2021; 27(2): 111-116

scholarly journals Epidemiological and Clinical Aspects and Therapy of Chronic Otitis Media in the “ENT” and Cervicofacial Surgery Ward in the University Hospital of Ouagadougou

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Y. M. C. Gyebre ◽  
R. W.-L. Ouedraogo ◽  
A. Elola ◽  
B. P. Ouedraogo ◽  
M. Sereme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Age Group ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
The University

Objectives. The aim of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and clinical aspects of chronic otitis media and its therapeutic processes in our context. Patients and Methods. In a prospective study over a period of 1 year (March 2009–February 2010), 79 patients with chronic otitis media have been cared for in the otolaryngology ward of the University Hospital of Ouagadougou. Results. Chronic otitis media (COM) commonly occurs in the age group from 0 to 15 years (40.50%). Otorrhea was the main reason for consultation in 53 cases (67.10%); the most frequently encountered clinicopathological forms were simple COM (71%) followed by otitis media with effusion (24.30%). Intra-auricular instillations of traditional products (46.09%) were the dominant favoring factor. Treatment was essentially through medication in 59 cases with a stabilization of lesions. Endotemporal complications were noticed in 6 cases. Conclusion. The fight against chronic otitis media is carried out through preventive measures of education the of people.

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