Evaluation of Bacteriological Profile in Active Mucosal Chronic Otitis Media - A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
Smitha B ◽  
Swapna U.P ◽  
Salilkumar K
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Maximum Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Two Samples

BACKGROUND Active mucosal chronic otitis media (COM) is a disease of the middle ear cleft associated with inflammation and production of pus. The incidence is high in developing countries. It affects all age groups and both genders. If not properly treated, it can lead to complications. The bacterial isolates and their sensitivity pattern vary from place to place and also over time. Early identification of the microorganisms and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns helps in proper selection of antibiotics and quick recovery in COM patients. METHODS Fifty patients with active mucosal COM were selected for the study. The study was conducted over a period of one year. Ear swab from the deep external auditory canal was collected under strict aseptic precautions from these patients before starting antibiotic treatment. Microorganisms were identified by gram staining, growth on different agar plates, and various biochemical tests. Antibiotic sensitivity was done by the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS Majority of the patients were in the age group of 21 - 40 years (42 %) with female preponderance (62 %). All patients had a central perforation in the tympanic membrane (100 %). Bacterial growth was seen in 44 samples (88 %). Two samples (4 %) showed fungal growth. Four samples (8 %) showed no growth even after 48 hours of incubation. Single bacterium was isolated in 41 cases (82 %) whereas 3 samples (6 %) showed more than one bacterial growth. The predominant bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50 %) followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The other isolates were coagulase negative staphylococci, enterococci, enterobacter, acinetobacter, and E coli. Pseudomonas showed maximum sensitivity to amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam (100 %). The most effective antibiotics for staphylococcus was vancomycin and linezolid. CONCLUSIONS The most common bacteria isolated in active mucosal COM were pseudomonas followed by Staphylococcus aureus. The most effective antibiotics for pseudomonas was amikacin, imipenem and piperacillin / tazobactam. Staphylococcus showed maximum sensitivity to vancomycin and linezolid. KEYWORDS Chronic Otitis Media (COM), Active Mucosal, Ear Swab, Bacteriology, Sensitivity

scholarly journals Clinico-microbial profile in chronic suppurative otitis media and its management in tertiary care centre

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Rashmi Ramashesh ◽  
Samira Abdul Wajid ◽  
Smitha Chandra
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Pseudomonas Species

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is an ever growing concern of preventable hearing loss and is a major health concern especially in tropical countries. Lack of cleanliness, overcrowding, poverty, malnutrition and medical ignorance are few of the contributing factors. The microbiological flora is constantly changing due to indiscriminate use of antibiotics with rapid change in the antibiotic sensitivity patterns. Hence, this study was undertaken to determine the epidemiological profile, bacteriological profile and the antibiotic sensitivity pattern which would help in establishing a protocol in management of CSOM patients in the hospital.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 100 patients of CSOM attending the ENT Outpatient Department of The Oxford medical College, Hospital and Research Centre were included in the study. The samples were immediately sent to the Microbiology laboratory for further processing according to standard procedure.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of 100 cases, 74 were active mucosal type and 26 were active squamous, with Pseudomonas species (33.6%) being the predominant organism. <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> was the next common organism with MSSA (16.3%) and MRSA (12.5%), CONS were 6.7%. Among the 28 gram-negative bacilli, <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em> (7.7%), was followed by <em>Escherichia coli</em> (5.7%), and <em>Proteus mirabilis</em> (4.8%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Pseudomonas species and <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> are the commonest organisms of CSOM. Ciprofloxacin can be used as a topical agent for treating gram-negative bacilli. Among systemic antibiotics- Linezolid, Amikacin and Imepenam remains the drug of choice.</p><p><br /><br /></p>

The Role of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci in Chronic Otitis Media With Effusion

1982 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 837-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel M. Bernstein ◽  
Diane Dryja ◽  
Erwin Neter
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Middle Ear Effusion ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Ear Effusion

Twenty-eight middle ear effusions from 27 patients with chronic otitis media with effusion were studied for the presence of bacteria. The most common isolates were coagulase-negative staphylococci. However, biochemical and antibiotic sensitivity patterns demonstrated that these organisms represented a heterogenous group. At least three subtypes of coagulase-negative staphylococci were identified from the middle ear effusions, and in only one instance was the isolate from the ear canal identical with that of the middle ear effusion. The data presented suggest that coagulase-negative staphylococci from the middle ear effusions may not be contaminants; however, it cannot be determined from this study whether these organisms play a role as pathogens or as the result of indolent colonization.

scholarly journals A study of microbial gamut and antibiograms in chronic suppurative otitis media

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Raj Tajamul Hussain ◽  
Sanam Altaf ◽  
Owais Makhdoomi ◽  
Mariya Ali
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Fungal Culture ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The aim of the study was to discern the patterns in microbial diversity and the resistogram among the patients suffering from CSOM.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total number of 100 ear swabs were investigated for the present study. Their gram staining, direct microscopy with KOH, culture sensitivity, and biochemical tests were carried out to identify the organisms and to know their sensitivity pattern. All the swabs were collected from clinically diagnosed cases of chronic suppurative otitis media visiting otolaryngology outpatient department of tertiary care hospital. The study period was one year, from January 2016 to December 2017.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Out of total 100 cases, 90 were culture<strong> </strong>positives, 6 showed no growth and 4 were<strong> </strong>skin contaminants (mirococci). Out of 90 culture positives, fungal culture was positive in 5 (5.5%) while combined bacteria and fungi obtained in 18 (20%) cases and only bacteria in 67 (74.4%) cases. Among the aerobic bacterial isolates, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was the most common bacteria isolated from the bacterial culture (n=36; 34.95%) followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(n=28; 27.18%) and <em>Proteus</em> (n=13; 12.62%). Among the fungal isolates,<strong> </strong><em>Aspergillus niger </em>was predominant followed<strong> </strong>by Candida <em>albicans </em>&amp; <em>Aspergillus flavus.</em> Amikacin and imipenem were found to be the most effective antibiotics with low resistance rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The present study gave an insight into the bacteriological profile of the cases of CSOM and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns. This in turn will ensure rational and judicious use of antibiotics and thus prevent emergence of resistant bugs and also the complications associated with CSOM.</p>

Antibody Coated Bacteria in Otitis Media with Effusions

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Bernstein ◽  
D. Myers ◽  
R. Nisengard ◽  
D. Kosinski ◽  
K. Wicher
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Otitis Media With Effusion ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Antibody Activity ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Corynebacterium Species ◽  
External Canal

The significance of bacterial isolates of coagulase negative Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium species in middle ear fluids remains controversial. This study was undertaken to evaluate the possible role of these organisms in different effusions. Cultures were obtained from the external cartilaginous ear, bony canal, tympanic membrane, middle ear fluids, tonsils and nasopharynx of 93 patients at the time of myringotomy for otitis media with effusion. Isolates of coagulase negative staphylococci from the middle ear, external ear and posterior aural skin were evaluated in regard to antibiotic sensitivity, biochemical tests and phage typing. Furthermore, in another series of patients in whom these organisms were isolated, specific antibody activity in both middle ear washings and corresponding sera were measured, using the technique of indirect immunofluorescence. The results suggest that the isolates from the middle ear and ear canal are not always identical. There is some evidence that specific IgM and IgG as well as IgA responses to these organisms are present in middle ear washings and not in corresponding serum. These results suggest that coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Corynebacterium species in middle ear effusions may not be contaminants from the external canal and that a local immune response may be produced by these organisms. Whether or not these organisms represent etiologic agents responsible for otitis media with effusion cannot be ascertained from this data. One very interesting point is the presence of IgE coating of organisms in some effusions.

BACTERIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND THEIR ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN IN CHILDREN OF OTITIS MEDIA WITH EAR DISCHARGE.

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
Richa Sharma ◽  
Prashant Gupta ◽  
Anupam Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Empirical Treatment ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Background-Otitis media (OM) is one of the most common childhood infections in pre-school aged children and a major cause of childhood morbidity. OM also represents the most frequent reason for antibiotic prescription in children. It is also the principal cause of childhood hearing loss in India. Objectives- We aimed to study the microbiological prole and their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern in children of otitis media with ear discharge in the tertiary care center in Lucknow and its application in the empirical treatment of otitis media. Methods: The study was conducted from September 2017 to September 2018 on 150 children attending the ENT OPD and Microbiology Department having ear discharge. Ear discharge samples were taken from 150 children (both male and female). Direct gram staining, KOH microscopy, and susceptibility testing were carried out. Results: Among 150 cases, 10 cases were found to be of ASOM, and 140 of CSOM. Predominant organisms were Staphylococcus species (22.67%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (10.7%), and Escherichia coli (10.7%). . Among Staphylococcus aureus,55% were Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 45% were Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Only 1 Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated among 10 ASOM cases. Staphylococcus species were found to be 100% sensitive to linezolid and vancomycin, 80% to amikacin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, 53% to erythromycin, and 46% to clindamycin and levooxacin. 91% isolates of Pseudomonas spp. were susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam, 80% to cefepime, amikacin, and tobramycin, and 72% to gentamicin. Conclusion: The study of microbial patterns and their antibiotic sensitivity determines the prevalent bacterial organisms causing otitis media in children in the local area and to start empirical treatment of otitis media and its complications for successful outcome, thus to prevent the emergence of resistant strains.

EVALUATION OF ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY PATTERN IN CHRONIC OTITIS MEDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadhana Joshi ◽  
Gaurav Parashar
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Mastoid Cavity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Sectional Analysis

Background: Chronic otitis media (COM) is defined as chronic inflammation of middle ear and mastoid cavity that may present with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation. Methods: A prospective cross sectional analysis was performed using antibiotic susceptibility test. Results: Antibiotic resistance was seen in case of the commonly used antibiotics like ampicillin, amoxicillin, Amoxicillin+Clavulanic acid. Cephalosporins were less commonly used antibiotics and showed resistance in 40.00% cases. Cotrimoxazole showed about 50.00% resistant cases. The less commonly used antibiotic was vancomycin however, showed high sensitivity (100%) followed by Linezolid (92.00%). Conclusion: Atibiotic sensitivity has been changing over time with high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Keywords: Antibiotic sensitivity, Chronic otitis media, Ear discharge

Bacteriology and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of ear discharge in patients with chronic otitis media; A cross sectional study conducted in tertiary care hospital of Peshawar.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (05) ◽  
pp. 671-676
Author(s):  
Mubassir Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Saleh Faisal ◽  
Ali Zaki ◽  
Azam Khan ◽  
Mamoor Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Objective: To determine the frequency of common bacteria and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of ear discharge in patients with chronic otitis media. Study Design: Descriptive Cross Sectional study. Setting: Department of ENT, Northwest General Hospital & Research Centre, Peshawar. Period: February to September 2019. Material & Methods: A total of 196 patients of both gender and age between 13 to 60 years with clinical diagnosis of active chronic otitis media were recruited through consecutive sampling technique. After detailed history and relevant examination, demographic data was recorded and pus specimens were collected from the infected ear on cotton swabs. They were sent to pathology laboratory of hospital for culture of common bacteria (E.coli, Pseudomonas aueroginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella spp) and their respective antibiotic sensitivity (Co-trimoxazole, Co-Amoxiclav, Ciprofloxacin, Ampicillin, Imipenem, Ceftriaxone and Cefixime). Results: Bacterial isolates were analyzed as 48% Staph aureus, 28% Pseudomonas, 12% Proteus mirabilis, 8% E. coli and 4% Klebsiella spp. Imipenem was sensitive to 94%, ceftriaxone 84%, ciprofloxacin 80%, co-trimoxazole 66%, ampicillin 63%, cefixime 45% and co-amoxiclav against 43% of total bacterial isolates. Conclusion: The common causative organism for active chronic otitis media was Staph aureus followed by Pseudomonas. Imipenem was the most sensitive antibiotic against majority of bacterial isolates followed by ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin.

scholarly journals Microbiology and antibiotic sensitivity of uncomplicated chronic suppurative otitis media at Dr. George Mukhari Academic Hospital, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 565
Author(s):  
Monica Kotu ◽  
Ian Paul Olwoch
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Suppurative Otitis Media ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Age Range

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study was conducted to assess the type and frequency of isolation of different microorganisms in uncomplicated chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) and their antibiotic sensitivity in our institution.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A total of 88 consecutive patients with unilateral or bilateral active, chronic suppurative otitis media attending outpatient department at DGMAH were included in the study after obtaining an informed consent. There were 55 males (62.5%) and 33 females (37.9%) with age range between 6 months and 76 years. Pus swabs were taken through the perforation site and from the promontory after ear mopping under direct vision.  </p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Children less than 5 years were more affected (23.9%) than older children 5-10 years (13.6%) and 11-15 years (11.45%). One hundred and six microorganisms were isolated from analysis of cultures obtained from 72 patients. Seven cultures were negative (5.9%), 8 specimens were contaminated (6.7%) and 1 specimen was lost (1.1%). <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa (</em>24.0%<em>) </em>was the most common isolate, followed by <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(17%) and <em>Proteus mirabilis </em>(10%). Drug sensitivity pattern showed that Piperacillin-tazobactam was effective against the majority of <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa </em>isolates at 72%, followed by both Gentamicin and Ceftazidime at 64% and Ciprofloxacin at 48%. <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>isolates were sensitive to Erythromycin (77%), Cloxacillin and Clindamycin at 72%. <em>Proteus mirabilis </em>was sensitive to Cefuroxime (91%), Co-amoxiclav (72.8%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Isolation rate and susceptibility patterns in CSOM, suggest a need for regular surveillance to monitor antimicrobial resistance and to guide antibacterial therapy.</p><p class="abstract"> </p><h1> </h1>

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