scholarly journals Phytoremediation of chromium(VI) using Colocasia esculenta in laboratory scale constructed wetlands

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Chan Kar Men ◽  
Rozidaini Mohd Ghazi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Water Scarcity ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Anthropogenic Emission ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Soil And Water

The existing water is becoming polluted nowadays due to high anthropogenic emission of water. The phytoremediation technology is used to treat the contaminated soil and water which containing higher amount of pollutants. The water that contains heavy metals will cause water scarcity and affect on human health when human drink the water. In this study, Colocasia esculenta was chosen for the removal of Cr(VI) in water. The efficiency of C.esculenta in accumulates Cr(VI) in synthetic wastewater was evaluated. The effect of time and concentration of Cr(VI) were identified in this study. Cr(VI) concentration was determined using diphenylcarbazide method (DPC). Experiment were set up in Laboratory Scale Constructed Wetlands with varies the concentration of synthetic wastewater of 1, 2, 5, 10, 50, 500 and 1000 mg/L and was continued for 36 days. The result of removal percentage for the 1, 2, 5 and 10 mg/L reach 100% while for 50, 500 and 1000 mg/L only remove 99.99%, 94.79% and 55.84% respectively. Roots of C.esculenta are able to accumulate Cr(VI) in wastewater which with BCF value was 1.557 mg/L. The BCF value of roots were more than 1, represents the higher accumulation of metal in plant. Therefore, C.esculenta has potential to use in removing Cr(VI) in water.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Chromium (VI) Reduction in Microcosms Amended with Lactate or Yeast Extract: A Laboratory-Scale Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Ancona ◽  
Claudia Campanale ◽  
Marina Tumolo ◽  
Domenico De Paola ◽  
Claudio Ardito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Biological Reduction ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Pollutant Reduction ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Soil And Water

A laboratory-scale study was carried out to evaluate the groundwater bioremediation potential of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), taking into account the chromate pollution of an industrial site located in Southern Italy (Apulia Region). The reduction of Cr(VI) was studied on laboratory microcosms, set up in different experimental conditions, namely: ABIO (soil and water sterilized), BIO (soil and water not sterilized), LATT (with the addition of lactate), and YE (with the addition of yeast extract). Control test lines, set up by using sterilized matrices and amendments, were employed to assess the occurrence of the pollutant reduction via chemical processes. By combining molecular (microbial abundance, specific chromate reductase genes (ChR) and the Shewanella oinedensis bacterial strain) with chemical analyses of chromium (VI and III) in the matrices (water and soil) of each microcosm, it was possible to investigate the response of microbial populations to different experimental conditions, and therefore, to assess their bioremediation capability in promoting Cr(VI) reduction. The overall results achieved within this work evidenced the key role of amendments (lactate and yeast extract) in enhancing the biological reduction of hexavalent chromium in the contaminated aqueous phase of laboratory microcosms. The highest value of Cr(VI) removal (99.47%) was obtained in the YE amended microcosms at seven days.

Enhancing the removal of arsenic, boron and heavy metals in subsurface flow constructed wetlands using different supporting media

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2612-2618 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Lizama Allende ◽  
T. D. Fletcher ◽  
G. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Subsurface Flow ◽  
Pollutant Removal ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Mass Rate ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Copper And Zinc ◽  
Subsurface Flow Constructed Wetlands

The presence of arsenic and heavy metals in drinking water sources poses a serious health risk due to chronic toxicological effects. Constructed wetlands have the potential to remove arsenic and heavy metals, but little is known about pollutant removal efficiency and reliability of wetlands for this task. This lab-scale study investigated the use of vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands for removing arsenic, boron, copper, zinc, iron and manganese from synthetic wastewater. Gravel, limestone, zeolite and cocopeat were employed as wetland media. Conventional gravel media only showed limited capability in removing arsenic, iron, copper and zinc; and it showed virtually no capability in removing manganese and boron. In contrast, alternative wetland media: cocopeat, zeolite and limestone, demonstrated significant efficiencies – in terms of percentage removal and mass rate per m3 of wetland volume – for removing arsenic, iron, manganese, copper and zinc; their ability to remove boron, in terms of mass removal rate, was also higher than that of the gravel media. The overall results demonstrated the potential of using vertical flow wetlands to remove arsenic and metals from contaminated water, having cocopeat, zeolite or limestone as supporting media.

scholarly journals Nutrient Recovery by Seven Aquatic Garden Plants in a Laboratory-scale Subsurface-constructed Wetland

HortScience ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (7) ◽  
pp. 1674-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert F. Polomski ◽  
Douglas G. Bielenberg ◽  
Ted Whitwell ◽  
Milton D. Taylor ◽  
William C. Bridges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Colocasia Esculenta ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Nutrient Recovery ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Total N ◽  
Garden Plants

Commercial nurseries use large amounts of water and nutrients to produce container-grown plants. The large volume of runoff containing nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) that leaves nurseries can contaminate surface and groundwater. Subsurface flow-constructed wetlands have been shown to effectively treat agricultural, industrial, and residential wastewater and to be well-suited for growers with limited production space. We investigated the possibility of using commercially available aquatic garden plants in subsurface-constructed wetlands to remove nutrients in a laboratory scale, gravel-based system. Seven popular aquatic garden plants received N and P from Hoagland's nutrient solution every 2 days for 8 weeks. These rates (0.39 to 36.81 mg·L−1 of N and 0.07 to 6.77 mg·L−1 P, respectively) encompassed low to high rates of nutrients found at various points between the discharge and inflow points of other constructed wetland systems currently in use at commercial nurseries. Plant biomass, nutrient recovery, and tissue nutrient concentration and content were measured. Whole plant dry weight positively correlated with total N and P supplied. Louisiana Iris hybrid ‘Full Eclipse’, Canna × generalis Bailey (pro sp.) ‘Bengal Tiger’, Canna × generalis Bailey (pro sp.) ‘Yellow King Humbert’, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott ‘Illustris', Peltandra virginica (L.) Schott, and Pontederia cordata L. ‘Singapore Pink’ had the greatest N recovery rates. The P recovery rates were similar for the cannas, Colocasia esculenta ‘Illustris’, Louisiana Iris ‘Full Eclipse’, Pe. virginica, and Po. cordata ‘Singapore Pink’. The potential exists for creating a sustainable nursery and greenhouse production system that incorporates a subsurface-constructed wetland planted with marketable horticultural crops that provide remediation and revenue.

Hydrolysis of organic wastewater particles in laboratory scale and pilot scale biofilm reactors under anoxic and aerobic conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 38 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Janning ◽  
X. Le Tallec ◽  
P. Harremoës
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
Particulate Organic Matter ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrolysis and degradation of particulate organic matter has been isolated and investigated in laboratory scale and pilot scale biofilters. Wastewater was supplied to biofilm reactors in order to accumulate particulates from wastewater in the filter. When synthetic wastewater with no organic matter was supplied to the reactors, hydrolysis of the particulates was the only process occurring. Results from the laboratory scale experiments under aerobic conditions with pre-settled wastewater show that the initial removal rate is high: rV, O2 = 2.1 kg O2/(m3 d) though fast declining towards a much slower rate. A mass balance of carbon (TOC/TIC) shows that only 10% of the accumulated TOC was transformed to TIC during the 12 hour long experiment. The pilot scale hydrolysis experiment was performed in a new type of biofilm reactor - the B2A® biofilter that is characterised by a series of decreasing sized granular media (80-2.5 mm). When hydrolysis experiments were performed on the anoxic pilot biofilter with pre-screened wastewater particulates as carbon source, a rapid (rV, NO3=0.7 kg NO3-N/(m3 d)) and a slowler (rV, NO3 = 0.3 kg NO3-N/(m3 d)) removal rate were observed at an oxygen concentration of 3.5 mg O2/l. It was found that the pilot biofilter could retain significant amounts of particulate organic matter, reducing the porosity of the filter media of an average from 0.35 to 0.11. A mass balance of carbon shows that up to 40% of the total incoming TOC accumulates in the filter at high flow rates. Only up to 15% of the accumulated TOC was transformed to TIC during the 24 hour long experiment.

Assessment of clogging in constructed wetlands by saturated hydraulic conductivity measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Licciardello ◽  
R. Aiello ◽  
V. Alagna ◽  
M. Iovino ◽  
D. Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Conductivity Measurements ◽  
Multiple Spatial Scales ◽  
Ks Values

Abstract This study aims at defining a methodology to evaluate Ks reductions of gravel material constituting constructed wetland (CW) bed matrices. Several schemes and equations for the Lefranc's test were compared by using different gravel sizes and at multiple spatial scales. The falling-head test method was implemented by using two steel permeameters: one impervious (IMP) and one pervious (P) on one side. At laboratory scale, mean K values for a small size gravel (8–15 × 10−2 m) measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 19,466 m/d and 30,662 m/d, respectively. Mean Ks values for a big size gravel (10–25 × 10−2 m) measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 12,135 m/d and 20,866 m/d, respectively. Comparison of Ks values obtained by the two permeameters at laboratory scale as well as a sensitivity analysis and a calibration, lead to the modification of the standpipe equation, to evaluate also the temporal variation of the horizontal Ks. In particular, both permeameters allow the evaluation of the Ks decreasing after 4 years-operation and 1–1.5 years' operation of the plants at full scale (filled with the small size gravel) and at pilot scale (filled with the big size gravel), respectively.

Use of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash in Adsorption of Heavy Metals

2011 ◽  
Vol 474-476 ◽  
pp. 1099-1102
Author(s):  
Hai Ying Zhang ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
Hong Tao Hu ◽  
Jing Yu Qi
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Residence Time ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration

Bottom ash from municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) has been previously suggested as an adsorbent for removing heavy metals from wastewater due to its high porosity and large surface area. In this study the adsorption characteristics of heavy metals were investigated using various particle sizes of MSWI bottom ash. The adsorption experiment was conducted using synthetic wastewater containing Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd as a function of residence time, initial pH, ash dosage and particle size, respectively. The adsorption rate increased with decreasing particle size and with increasing residence time. Through the above analysis, this work proved that bottom ash was effective in adsorbing the four heavy metals.

scholarly journals Variation of Bacterial and Archaeal Community Structures in a Full-Scale Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment

Archaea ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-lu Lang ◽  
Xiang Chen ◽  
Ai-ling Xu ◽  
Zhi-wen Song ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Archaeal Community ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Soil And Water

Microorganisms play important roles in the reduction of organic and inorganic pollutants in constructed wetlands used for the treatment of wastewater. However, the diversity and structure of microbial community in constructed wetland system remain poorly known. In this study, the Illumina MiSeq Sequencing of 16S rDNA was used to analyze the bacterial and archaeal microbial community structures of soil and water in a free surface flow constructed wetland, and the differences of bacterial communities and archaeal compositions between soil and water were compared. The results showed that the Proteobacteria were the dominant bacteria, making up 35.38%~48.66% relative abundance. Euryarchaeotic were the absolute dominant archaea in the influent sample with the relative abundance of 93.29%, while Thaumarchaeota showed dominance in the other three samples, making up 50.58%~75.70%. The relative abundances of different species showed great changes in bacteria and archaea, and the number of dominant species in bacteria was much higher than that in archaea. Compared to archaea, the community compositions of bacteria were more abundant and the changes were more significant. Meanwhile, bacteria and archaea had large differences in compositions between water and soil. The microbial richness in water was significantly higher than that in soil. Simultaneously, soil had a significant enrichment effect on some microbial flora.

scholarly journals The Novel Use of Saraca thaipingensis Leaf Powder as Potential Biosorbent Material for the Removal of Chromium(VI)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sannasi Palsan ◽  
Chai Swee Fern ◽  
Stephanie Bernardine ◽  
Lim Fan Shiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Leaf Powder

Saraca thaipingensis or ‘Gapis’ tree, classified under the Fabaceae family is a native of Taiping; copious over Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia. The withered and fallen dead leaves were collected from INTI International University’s garden walkway. To date, literature has yet to capture the use of S. thaipingensis tree parts or refuse as potential biosorbent material for the removal of heavy metals thus verifying the novelty of this study. Batch experiments were carried out with the leaf powder to study the effects of dosage, particle size and contact time towards Cr(VI) removal (%) at 1-100 mg/L. Results showed that Cr(VI) removal increased from 52.22% to 99.31% (p < 0.05) with increase in biosorbent dosage (0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025 and 0.050 g). The different particle size ranges tested were: 107-125, 126-150, 151-250, 251-500, and 501- 1000 ?m. Highest Cr(VI) removal of 99.53% was obtained with the 151-250 ?m particle size; further size decrease did not yield more removal (p > 0.05). The optimal Cr(VI) removal was recorded after 45 min (99.62%) and 90 min (99.76%) contact time (p > 0.05). Further characterization and optimization studies are being carried out to develop a novel, sustainable, low cost yet effective leaf powder based biosorbent material.

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