scholarly journals Reflection - an effective strategy for outcome-based learning in basic medical sciences

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzma Mussarat ◽  
Abeerah Zainub ◽  
Rabia Hanif ◽  
Sadaf Ayub ◽  
Fakhra Naureen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Basic Medical ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To determine the role of guided reflection for improved learning outcomes in students of basic dental sciences. Method: The quasi-experimental comparative educational study was conducted at the Islamic International Dental College, Islamabad, Pakistan, from May to September 2019, and comprised second-year undergraduate students in the Basic Medical Sciences curriculum for Microbiology. The subjects were arbitrarily divided into Group-1, which was exposed to guided reflection, and Group-2, which was not asked to reflect on the lectures. Post-intervention, a test of 30 multiple choice questions on the selected topics was conducted to compare the level of learning between the groups. After three weeks, the same activity was repeated with the same groups, but with different topics of lectures. Data was analysed using SPSS 21. Results: Of the total 75 students, there were 28 female and 9 male students in Group-1 (Reflectors), 29 female and 9 male students in Group-2 (Non-Reflectors). Overall, there were 18 male and 57 female students. The overall mean age was 20 years The difference between the groups after the first session was not significant (p>0.05). After session 2, Group-1 score was significantly better than that of Group-2 (p<0.05). Conclusion: Reflective practices on teaching sessions at the end of lectures proved to be an effective strategy to achieve outcome-based learning.

scholarly journals Assessment and comparison between effectiveness of techniques of improving lactation among postnatal mothers of new born babies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Anita Asrani ◽  
Achamma Varghese ◽  
Balkishan Sharma ◽  
Anil Kumar Jain
Keyword(s):  
Good Health ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
New Born ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Postnatal Mothers ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cumin Seed ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Back Massage

Background: Breast milk is a combination of food and medicine tailor made to meet the requirements of the new born, is extremely easy to digest and is therefore the perfect first food for the new born.Aims and Objectives: Authors evaluated 60 postnatal mothers of new born babies to determine the effectiveness of back massage as compared to cumin seeds laddo techniques on improving lactation. Materials and Methods: A quasi experimental study designed among sixty postnatal mothers to observe the effectiveness of methods of improving lactation randomly dived into two groups. Subjects of group 1 received back massage while cumin seed laddoo provided to subjects of group 2. The ethical clearance was obtaines. Data recorded at baseline (pretest) and for three successive days, 1, 2 and 3 post administration (post-test).Results: 83.3% of the post natal mothers of group 1 (n1=30) and 86.7% of group 2 (n2=30) observed without any previous problem in breast feeding. The appearance of stool found to be associated significantly post administration on day 2 (p<0.003) and day 3 (p<0.006) with used techniques. On day 3, 63.3% noticed with good category received back massage against 40.0% administered cumin seed laddo. Mean birth weight of baby (2681.33±260.89 gram) at post-test of group 1 was higher than group 2 (2607.00±402.19 gram). Differences in mean number of nappies wetted, number of feed and time taken by the baby between groups on days 2 and 3 were highly significant (p<0.001). Average total post-test scoring were statistically significant on day 3 (p<0.05). However, back massage was more effective than cumin seed laddo.Conclusion: This study supports the view of improvement in lactation among post natal mother incorporated to good health of new born by administering back massage. In the Indian context, there are many studies carried out on improvement in lactation among post natal mothers but none of the study demonstrated comparison between two lactation techniques.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(1) 2018 41-49

Ivermectin may Not be a Miraculous Drug to Improve PF Ratio and Virus Clearance in COVID-19 Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 999-1001
Author(s):  
Abid Mushtaq ◽  
Saba Zartash ◽  
Muhammad Javed ◽  
M Asim Rana ◽  
M A Qayyum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
P Value ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Virus Clearance ◽  
Therapeutic Anticoagulation ◽  
Treatment Centre ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of Ivermectin in COVID 19 infection in terms of virus clearance and symptomatic improvement. Study design: Prospective Quasi experimental study Place and duration of study: Study was carried out in COVID treatment units of Services Institute of Medical Sciences and Bahria International Hospital COVID treatment centre from April 15, 2020 to November 30, 2020 Methodology: One hundred COVID19 confirmed patients for this study and divided into 2 groups. Both groups were given standard treatment including Oxygen, therapeutic anticoagulation and hydroxychloroquine therapies. Group-1 was given Ivermectin for 6 days and group 2 didn’t receive Ivermectin. Results: The significance value represented as p value (p=.825) was greater than the table value at 0.05 in all aspects, which shows that Ivermectin has no effect in improving PF ratio in COVID19 patients. Out of 50 only 4 patients who received Ivermectin got COVID19 PCR negative after 6 days but on the other hand 3 patients who did not receive Ivermectin also got their PCR negative after 6 days of treatment. Conclusion: Ivermectin does not seem to be effective in improvement of PF ratio and virus clearance in COVID19 patients. Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, PF ratio, Ivermectin, Virus clearance, Anti-viral treatment, Viral clearance

A checklist to help students analyze published articles in basic medical sciences.

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. S21 ◽  
Author(s):  
P K Rangachari ◽  
S Mierson
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Life Long Learning ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Reading Textbooks ◽  
Scientific Life ◽  
Basic Medical

Because critical analysis of published information is an essential component of scientific life, it is important that students be trained in its practice. Undergraduate students who are more accustomed to reading textbooks and taking lecture notes find it difficult to appreciate primary publications. To help such students, we have developed a checklist that helps them analyze different components of a research article in basic biomedical sciences. Students used the checklist to analyze critically a published article. The students were assigned an article and asked to write a paper (maximum 2 pages of single-spaced type) assessing it. This assignment has been found useful to both undergraduate and graduate students in pharmacology and physiology. Student responses to a questionnaire were highly favorable; students thought the exercise provided them with some of the essential skills for life-long learning.

TO ASSESS THE IDEAL TIME OF LAPAROSCOPIC CHOLECYSTECTOMY AFTER ENDOSCOPIC RETROGRADE CHOLANGIOPANCREATOGRAPHY IN CASES OF CHOLELITHIASIS WITH CHOLEDOCHOLITHIASIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhirendra Godara ◽  
Vineet Choudhary ◽  
Nitish Soni
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Early Recovery ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Late Group ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
The Ideal

Background: Aims of this study was assess the ideal time of laparoscopic cholecystectomy after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in cases of cholelithiasis with Choledocholthiasis Methods: The present study was carried out on 150 patients admitted in Department of General surgery National Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jaipur, diagnosed with cholelithiasis along with choledocholithiasis  from 1stJanuary 2019 to 30thJune, 2020. Results: In group 1 out of 75 patients 7 patients developed complications in post operative period compared to 35 patients out of 75 patients developed complications in group 2. The The mean hospital stay (in day) in group 1 patients was 2.26, median 2 and the mean of group 2 was 5.26, median 5. Conclusion: To conclude in our study there has been found significant advantage of early laparoscopic cholecystecomy following ERCP over the late group to minimize complications and promote early recovery of the patients. Keywords: ERCP, Cholecystectomy, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

scholarly journals Zingerone Ameliorates Hepatotoxicity

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 280-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julietpoornamathy J ◽  
Parameswari C.S.
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Group 1

In medical sciences, toxicity is an area wherein extensive studies have been carried to improve the diseases as well as to prevent. So, there is a high requirement for novel and improved alternative therapeutic strategies to manage diseases. The liver is the largest gland in the body, which executes several important mechanisms; it stores minerals and vitamins and releases them in periods of need. The main aim of this study was to give a closer insight into potent non- toxic compounds that is capable of modifying the responses. Animals were divided into five equal groups viz control (Group 1), administered with food and water ad libitum, (Group 2) administered with olive oil, (Group 3) administered with zingerone, (Group 4) administered with concanavalin A, (Group 5) administered with cyclosporine A followed by zingerone. Our results revealed significant changes in liver marker enzymes and liver histology of zingerone treated rats when compared to control rats.  A corollary, zingerone has no toxic effect on hepatocytes and was found to be safe at a dose of 10mg/kg b wt and also ameliorates hepatotoxicity.

scholarly journals OSPE (Objective structured practical examination): Perception of the faculty and students at A Public Sector Medical College in Pakistan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1519-1524
Author(s):  
Zahid Kamal ◽  
Nauman Aziz ◽  
Hafiza Swaiba Afzal ◽  
Ahmad Zeeshan Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Practical Examination ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Basic Medical

Objective: Objective Structured Practical Examination (OSPE) is a growing way of assessing the students of medical universities particularly. This study is targeted to compare and assess different perceptions of the faculty and the students towards OSPE at a public sector medical college. Study Design: Cross Sectional Survey. Setting: Sahiwal Medical College Sahiwal. Period: 1st July 2020 to 15th July 2020. Material & Methods: The questionnaire was sent to all the participants by Whatsapp because of COVID-19 pandemic. All the undergrad students of MBBS (500) and all the faculty members (65) of clinical and basic medical sciences were included in the study. Results: The response rate of faculty members was 78.46% and that of undergraduate students was 70.80%. Out of 51 members who responded, 23 (45.10%) were males while 28 (54.90%) were female. Female students were having majority of participation (71.20%). Most of the faculty and students agreed with the fact that ‘The questions asked in the OSPE stations were appropriate and related to the curriculum’ (60.10% and 45.10% respectively). Response to a question ‘OSPE is more transparent, fair and objective as compared to traditional practical examination’ got a nod from faculty members (49%). Almost 76% of the students (strongly agreed and agreed) thought that OSPE was tiring and stressful for them but their respected faculty members thought the opposite. Conclusion: Our study concludes that there is satisfaction of both students and the faculty regarding their perceptions of OSPE at public sector medical college. In our study while comparing, the majority of both the groups were having almost same opinions.

Effect of Cryotherapy & Active Stretching Together and Active Stretching Alone for Improving Hamstring Flexibility in Asymptomatic Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 342-348
Author(s):  
Nishat Tabassum ◽  
Sanghamitra Jena
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Hamstring Flexibility ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals ◽  
Post Assessment ◽  
Group 1

Study Objective: To know about the effects of cryotherapy and active stretching together and active stretching alone for improving hamstring flexibility in asymptomatic individuals. Method: 22 subjects were participated in study of the age 18 to 40. Subjects were randomly and equally assigned to static stretching and cryotherapy (group 1) and only active stretching (group 2). Subjects in each group were given stretching and cryotherapy for three weeks. Pre and post assessment of ROM was measured by the KEA, SLR and Sit and reach test. Results: After three weeks of intervention there was a significant difference between pre intervention and post intervention score in both the group but in group 1 showed significant difference between KEA, SLR and SRT variables. Conclusion: Subject who received active stretching and cryotherapy showed better improvement than the control group who received only active stretching. Hence it can be concluded that active stretching along with cryotherapy can improve hamstring flexibility than the active stretching only. Key words: Cryotherapy, flexibility, ROM, active stretching.

The relative effects of metalinguistic explanation and direct written corrective feedback on children’s grammatical accuracy in new writing

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary Gorman ◽  
Rod Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Second Language Acquisition ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Present Perfect ◽  
Written Corrective Feedback ◽  
Grammatical Accuracy ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Metalinguistic Knowledge ◽  
Group 1

Abstract There has been little research investigating the effects of form-focused instruction (FFI) on the second language acquisition of children. This article reports a quasi-experimental study of integrated form-focused instruction for 33 children aged 9–12 years. They completed four dictogloss tasks designed to elicit the use of the Present Perfect Tense and received instruction consisting of either explicit metalinguistic explanation (group 1), direct written correction (group 2) or no form-focused instruction (the comparison group) between performing the tasks. Accuracy in the production of the target structure across the four tasks was variable and showed no improvement from the first to the last. Nor were there any statistically significant differences in accuracy among the three groups. The results support some earlier studies of young children (e.g. Fazio, 2001) that have failed to show that FFI benefits young children. This may be because children fail to make use of their metalinguistic knowledge of grammatical features when undertaking meaning-focused writing tasks.

scholarly journals Comparison between use of combination of mifepristone and misoprostol versus misoprostol alone in the management of intrauterine fetal death

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2778
Author(s):  
Sreeveena Talasani ◽  
Pran Hitha Venkamolla ◽  
Kalpana Betha
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Fetal Death ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ultrasound Scan ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Intrauterine fetal death (IUFD) is estimated to occur in 1% of all pregnancies. The advent of prostaglandins has revolutionized the management of IUFD. There are limited studies using a combined regimen of mifepristone and misoprost for induction of labor in IUFD. Hence this study was undertaken to assess the efficacy and safety of combined regimen with misoprostol alone, in the management of IUFD.Methods: This hospital based prospective study included 60 pregnant women with IUFD admitted at Mediciti Institute of Medical Sciences, during the period January 2015 to July 2016. An ultrasound scan was performed to confirm IUFD and localize the placenta. Women were divided alternatively into 2 groups with 30 in each group (group 1- women received 200 mg mifepristone orally followed by misoprostol after 24 hours & in group 2, 100 µg misoprostol  every 6 hourly for a maximum of 4 doses between gestational age  24-26 weeks, 25-50 µg 4 hourly for a maximum of 6 doses beyond 26 weeks).Results: The mean induction to delivery interval was 10 hours in group 1 and 16.3 hours in group 2 (p value 0.007). Mean dose of misoprostol required in group 1 was 1.87 and 2.67 in group 2 (p value 0.008). With respect to side effects, the two groups did not differ significantly.Conclusions: The combined regimen was more effective than misoprostol for the induction of labour in IUFD, in terms of higher rate of successful delivery and shorter induction to delivery interval. 

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