scholarly journals Cytotoxic action reduction of crystalline silicon dioxide in a toxicological experiment associated with Lymphomyosot

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (6) ◽  
pp. 605-609
Author(s):  
Marina P. Sutunkova ◽  
Elena P. Kashanskaya ◽  
Svetlana N. Solovyova ◽  
Ilzira A. Minigalieva ◽  
Olga I. Gogoleva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Dioxide ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
White Female ◽  
Cytotoxic Action ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Intratracheal Injection ◽  
Student’S T Test

Introduction. Among the most relevant issues in occupational health is the risk management of the contamination of working air by crystalline silicon dioxide (CSD) in enterprises dealing with its extraction and processing. Cytotoxicity of this silicon type that underlies its fibrogenic action is of particular concern. Thereby, it is an urgent goal to find drugs that increase the body’s resistance to cytotoxic effects of silicon dioxide. Materials and methods. For the study of changes in the cellular composition of the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and some of its biochemical characteristics, a respirable portion of Pervouralsk quartzite (PQ) containing 98% CSD was inserted intratracheally to outbred white female rats in the form of a suspension of 10 mg of PQ in 1 ml of distilled water in the dose of 1 ml. Student’s t-test was applied for statistical analysis of the obtained data. Results. PQ sample induces the alveolar phagocytosis response typical for cytotoxic dust expressed by an increase in the total BAL cell count, the number of both alveolar macrophages (AM) and neutrophilic leukocytes (NL), and particularly the NL/AM ratio (which is a reliable comparative index of cytotoxicity). The administration of «Lymphomyosot» considerably reduced this cytotoxic effect of PQ within one month before the intratracheal injection. It showed a decrease in NL/AM ratio and some biochemical indicators of cytolysis in BAL. Conclusion. There was demonstrated the applicability of «Lymphomyosot» as a precaution against the cytotoxic effect of CSD dust.

THE EFFECTS OF PREPUBERTAL OVARIECTOMY ON CONNECTIVE TISSUE GENERATION

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-790
Author(s):  
D. G. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Sponge Tissue ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

Polyvinyl sponges were implanted subcutaneously in 84-day-old female rats and in prepubertally ovariectomized rats of the same age. Animals from both groups were killed 72 ± 1 hours later. The mean hexosamine concentrations in sponge tissue were, in the intact animals and ovariectomized rats respectively, 340 ± 28 and 258 ± 19 μg hexosamine per 100 mg dry lipid-free tissue. The confidence intervals were derived from the Student's t test (5%). Prepubertal ovariectomy decreases the hexosamine concentration of the sponge tissue during the early stages of connective tissue generation in young adult rats and may have a similar effect on serum hexosamine. The mean hydroxyproline concentrations in the sponge tissue of the remaining animals, which were killed 10 days after implantation, were 1027 ± 77 and 777 ± 130 μg hydroxyproline per 100 mg dry lipid-free tissue for the ovariectomized and intact animals respectively (5% confidence interval). Prepubertal ovariectomy increases the rate of connective tissue generation in young adult rats. The ovariectomized rats were heavier at death than the intact animals and no apparent histologic differences were noted in the sponge tissue recovered from the two groups.

scholarly journals Effect of Chloramphenicol on Reproductive Function in Female Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyedeji K.O ◽  
Okunlola O ◽  
Oderinde Gbenga
Keyword(s):  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Histopathological Studies ◽  
Student’S T Test

This study was designed to investigate the effect of chloramphenicol on reproductive function in female Wistar rats. Fifteen female rats (120 – 160 g) were used for the estrous cycle and histopathological studies. Chloramphenicol (7.14 mg/kg) was administered orally on daily basis for 21 and 50 days respectively for the estrous cycle and histological studies. Estrous cycle was carried out using the technique of Marcondes et al., histologies of the ovaries and uteri were also carried out. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and student’s t-test at p=0.05. Treatment of rats for 21 days with chloramphenicol (7.14 mg/kg) produced significant (p<0.05) reductions in the proestrous and diestrous phases as well as a significant (p<0.05) increment in the estrous phase of the estrous cycle relative to their respective controls. The histopathological study presented with no visible lesions on the ovaries and uteri, but few endometrial glands have expanded lumen. It can therefore be concluded that chloramphenicol probably has pro-fertility as well as exhibits non-deleterious effects on the reproductive tissues of female Wistar rats.

CITOTOXICITY OF INDIUM-111-LABELED AUTOLOGOUS WBC

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
K. A. Luneva ◽  
K. E. Ternovskaya ◽  
O. E. Klement’eva ◽  
A. S. Lunev
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Indium 111 ◽  
Single Photon Emission Computed ◽  
Photon Emission Computed Tomography ◽  
Subsequent Introduction

The radiopharmaceutical precursor «Oxind, 111In» is a complex compound for labeling autologous leukocytes of human blood and their subsequent introduction for non-specific visualization and localization of inflammation foci of different nature by single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The cytotoxic effect of lyophilisate for preparation of radiopharmaceutical preparation «Oxind, 111In» and its radiopharmaceutical precursor on rabbit blood leukocytes has been investigated. In the course of studies of the cytotoxicity of the lyophilisate for the preparation of a radiopharmaceutical precursor with successively increasing concentrations of the main substance, 8-hydroxyquinoline, the permissible concentrations have been determined and the absolutely cytotoxic concentration was achieved.In the study of the cytotoxic effect of the precursor of radiopharmaceutical on two dosages that differ by 10 times in volume activities (MBq / ml), the absence of cytotoxic effects has been confirmed.

Serosal and cutaneous recordings of gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with gastroparesis

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (1) ◽  
pp. G90-G98 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Chen ◽  
B. D. Schirmer ◽  
R. W. McCallum
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Slow Wave ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Gastric Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Myoelectrical Activity ◽  
Gastric Slow Wave ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Student’S T Test

The aims of this study were to 1) investigate gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with gastroparesis, 2) validate the cutaneous electrogastrogram (EGG) in tracking the frequency change of the gastric slow wave, and 3) investigate the effect of electrical stimulation on gastric myoelectrical activity. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded in 12 patients with documented gastroparesis using serosal electrodes for > 200 min in each subject. All recordings were made at least 4 days after surgery. Each session consisted of a 30-min recording in the fasting state and a 30-min recording after a test meal. The test meal (liquid or mixed) was selected according to patient's tolerance. Electrical stimulation was performed in three subjects via the serosal electrodes at a frequency of 3 cycles/min. Gastric myoelectrical activity was recorded using serosal electrodes in each session. The serosal recording showed slow waves of 2.5 to 4.0 cycles/min in all 12 subjects. Absence of spikes was noted in 11 of the 12 subjects. The simultaneous serosal and cutaneous recording of gastric myoelectrical activity showed that the frequency of the EGG was exactly the same as that of the serosal recording. Liquid meals resulted in a significant decrease in slow-wave frequency (Student's t test, P = 0.006), and the EGG accurately reflected this change. Electrical stimulation had no effect on the frequency of the gastric slow wave and did not induce spikes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The Effect of Changes in Dialysate Volume on Glucose and Urea Equilibration

1994 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 236-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward C. Kohaut ◽  
F. Bryson Waldo ◽  
Mark R. Benfield
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Patient Population ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Dialysate Volume ◽  
Student’S T Test

Objectives To determine the effect of changing dialysate volume on urea and glucoseequilibration curves and to determine, if dialysate volume is prescribed on the basis of body surface area, whether equilibration curves will be consistent in patients of different sizes and ages. Design A prospective study wherein children with acute or chronic renal failure had peritoneal equilibration studies done with dwell volumes of 30 mL/kg, 40 mL/kg, and 1200 mL/m2. Patient Population Twenty-two children: 7 under 3 years of age; 8 between 3 and 10 years of age; 7 older than 10 years of age. Statistics Student's t-test. Results Urea and glucose equilibrated rapidly at dwell volumes of 30 mL/kg, slower at dwell volumes of 40 mL/kg, and slowest at dwell volumes of 1200 mL/m2. Equilibration curves were similar in children of different ages when dialysate volumes of 1200 mL/m2 were infused. Conclusion Dialysate volumes of 1200 mL/m2 should be used when equilibration studies are being done to compare individuals of different ages and sizes.

scholarly journals Development and Validation of 2-Azaspiro [4,5] Decan-3-One (Impurity A) in Gabapentin Determination Method Using qNMR Spectroscopy

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1656
Author(s):  
Nataliya E. Kuz’mina ◽  
Sergey V. Moiseev ◽  
Mikhail D. Khorolskiy ◽  
Anna I. Lutceva
Keyword(s):  
Test Procedure ◽  
Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Intermediate Precision ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Student’S T Test

The authors developed a 1H qNMR test procedure for identification and quantification of impurity A present in gabapentin active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and gabapentin products. The validation studies helped to determine the limit of quantitation and assess linearity, accuracy, repeatability, intermediate precision, specificity, and robustness of the procedure. Spike-and-recovery assays were used to calculate standard deviations, coefficients of variation, confidence intervals, bias, Fisher’s F test, and Student’s t-test for assay results. The obtained statistical values satisfy the acceptance criteria for the validation parameters. The authors compared the results of impurity A quantification in gabapentin APIs and capsules by using the 1H qNMR and HPLC test methods.

scholarly journals Potential intravenous drug incompatibilities in a pediatric unit

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Dalliane Batista Leal ◽  
Ramon Weyler Duarte Leopoldino ◽  
Rand Randall Martins ◽  
Lourena Mafra Veríssimo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Drug ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Student’S T Test

ABSTRACT Objective To investigate potential intravenous drug incompatibilities and related risk factors in a pediatric unit. Methods A cross-sectional analytical study conducted in the pediatric unit of a university hospital in Brazil. Data on prescriptions given to children aged 0-15 years from June to October 2014 were collected. Prescriptions that did not include intravenous drugs and prescriptions with incomplete dosage regimen or written in poor handwriting were excluded. Associations between variables and the risk of potential incompatibility were investigated using the Student’s t test and ANOVA; the level of significance was set at 5% (p<0.05). Relative risks were calculated for each drug involved in potential incompatibility with 95% confidence interval. Results A total of 222 children participated in the study; 132 (59.5%) children were male and 118 (53.2%) were aged between 0 and 2 years. The mean length of stay was 7.7±2.3 days. Dipyrone, penicillin G and ceftriaxona were the most commonly prescribed drugs. At least one potential incompatibility was detected in about 85% of children (1.2 incompatibility/patient ratio). Most incompatibilities detected fell into the non-tested (93.4%), precipitation (5.5%), turbidity (0.7%) or chemical decomposition (0.4%) categories. The number of drugs and prescription of diazepam, phenytoin, phenobarbital or metronidazole were risk factors for potential incompatibility. Conclusion Most pediatric prescriptions involved potential incompatibilities, with higher prevalence of non-tested incompatibilities. The number of drugs and prescription of diazepam, phenobarbital, phenytoin or metronidazole were risk factors for potential incompatibilities.

scholarly journals Indicators of Targeted Physical Fitness in Judo and Jujutsu—Preliminary Results of Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4347
Author(s):  
Wojciech J. Cynarski ◽  
Jan Słopecki ◽  
Bartosz Dziadek ◽  
Peter Böschen ◽  
Paweł Piepiora
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Visual Stimulation ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Arithmetic Means ◽  
Simple Reaction ◽  
Martial Art ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Pearson Correlations ◽  
Student’S T Test

(1) Study aim: This is a comparative study for judo and jujutsu practitioners. It has an intrinsic value. The aim of this study was to showcase a comparison of practitioners of judo and a similar martial art jujutsu with regard to manual abilities. The study applied the measurement of simple reaction time in response to a visual stimulus and handgrip measurement. (2) Materials and Methods: The group comprising N = 69 black belts from Poland and Germany (including 30 from judo and 39 from jujutsu) applied two trials: “grasping of Ditrich rod” and dynamometric handgrip measurement. The analysis of the results involved the calculations of arithmetic means, standard deviations, and Pearson correlations. Analysis of the differences (Mann–Whitney U test) and Student’s t-test were also applied to establish statistical differences. (3) Results: In the test involving handgrip measurement, the subjects from Poland (both those practicing judo and jujutsu) gained better results compared to their German counterparts. In the test involving grasping of Ditrich rod, a positive correlation was demonstrated in the group of German judokas between the age and reaction time of the subjects (rxy = 0.66, p < 0.05), as well as in the group of jujutsu subjects between body weight and the reaction time (rxy = 0.49, p < 0.05). A significant and strong correlation between handgrip and weight was also established for the group of German judokas (rxy = 0.75, p < 0.05). In Polish competitors, the correlations were only established between the age and handgrip measurements (rxy = 0.49, p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Simple reaction times in response to visual stimulation were shorter in the subjects practicing the martial art jujutsu. However, the statement regarding the advantage of the judokas in terms of handgrip force was not confirmed by the results.

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