scholarly journals The Role of Computed Tomography in Pneumonia in Patients with Associated Coronavirus Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonibekov Jasur Jonibekovich
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Viral Etiology ◽  
Radiation Imaging ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Radiation Research

The appearance of COVID-19 has set tasks for healthcare professionals related to rapid diagnosis and provision of medical care to patients. The diagnosis of COVID-19 infection is based on the complex application of clinical, radiological and laboratory research methods[1].Radiation research methods used to diagnose patients with suspected COVID-19 and viral pneumonia of another nature include: radiography, computed tomography and ultrasound examination of the lungs. Radiation imaging data allow us to suspect lung damage of viral etiology (including COVID-19), influence the management of a particular patient, the treatment of complications or the formulation of an alternative diagnosis with a high probability of lung damage of viral etiology.

scholarly journals The Formation of the Ability to Combine Various Technological Methods of Laboratory Research of Future Laboratory Assistants

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Stepanenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Medical Diagnostics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Research Techniques ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Special Competence

The article defines the main components of the formation of the ability to combine various technological methods of laboratory research as a special competence that has to be mastered by students of the speciality “Technologies of Medical Diagnostics and Treatment” in the process of training. The combination is presented as the implementation of an action or a series of actions aimed at transforming the existing set of objects into a system that meets the requirements of the task. Its scientific and theoretical, and practical blocks are revealed. It is noted that the scientific and theoretical block of combination consists of scientific approaches and principles, complex combined research methods, and the practical block embraces various methods, techniques and laboratory research technologies. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the process of training of future laboratory assistants it is important to form their understanding that when diagnosing certain diseases of the body one cannot be limited to only one method, but it is necessary to combine various methods and research techniques. The role of synchronous and asynchronous forms of organization of training in the formation of the ability of students of the speciality “Technologies of Medical Diagnostics and Treatment” to combine various laboratory research technological methods is indicated. Examples of combining various technological methods of laboratory research are given.

scholarly journals The Role of Multidetector Computed Tomography and the Forced Oscillation Technique in Assessing Lung Damage in Adults With Cystic Fibrosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 430-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia S Lacerda ◽  
Agnaldo J Lopes ◽  
Alysson R S Carvalho ◽  
Alan R M Guimarães ◽  
Mônica C Firmida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Multidetector Computed Tomography ◽  
Forced Oscillation ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Forced Oscillation Technique

scholarly journals Cytokine Storm in the Novel Coronavirus Infection and Methods of its Correction

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 27-37
Author(s):  
A. V. Ershov ◽  
V. D. Surova ◽  
V. T. Dolgikh ◽  
T. I. Dolgikh
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
Average Impact Factor ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

The aim of the study was to identify the role of cytokine storm in COVID-19, that emerged at the end of 2019, based on the analysis of 80 publications, including 17.4% Russian and 82.6% foreign publications for 2014–2020 with an average impact factor of 11.94 and a maximum of 74.699. This review includes an in-depth discussion of the possible causes and pathogenetic factors of cytokine storm syndrome development caused by COVID-19. The results of research on the use of various principles of cytokine storm correction are provided. It has been established that lung damage and the development of a fatal outcome are caused not by the virus itself, but by the hyperreaction of the body's immune system. The leading role in this process belongs to the cytokine storm, including the action of IL-6.

Using the Bosniak classification from the perspective of current clinical guidelines: the role of multiparameter ultrasound

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
E.V. Polukhina ◽  
◽  
M.V. Gerasyanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Guidelines ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Bosniak Classification ◽  
Radiation Imaging ◽  
Ultrasound Computed Tomography

Kidney cystic formations are a common finding during ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. Most kidney cysts are benign, however, in 5–7 % of cases, renal cell carcinoma can be represented by a complex cystic formation. The Bosniak classification allows you to determine the risk of a malignant process and, depending on the assignment of the resulting image to a category, plan treatment tactics. The classification was initially based on the characteristics of cysts according to computed tomography data. Other methods of radiation imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound, are now also used to characterize complex cystic lesions. The article provides data on the assessment of renal cystic formations according to the Bosniak classification according to modern clinical guidelines, including the use of multiparametric ultrasound

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of Lungs Lesions in a New Coronavirus Infection COVID-19 and Diseases of Non-Viral Etiology on the Clinical Cases by Computed Tomography Scans in Outpatient CT Centers

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5S) ◽  
pp. 395-405
Author(s):  
Mikhail N. Lobanov ◽  
Oleg Y. Bronov ◽  
Yuliya A. Abovich ◽  
Nataliya V. Ledikhova ◽  
Elena V. Turavilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Viral Pneumonia ◽  
Viral Etiology ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Radiological Data ◽  
Lung Injuries ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Clinical Cases

New coronavirus infection (COVID-19) viral pneumonia diagnosed by a complex assessment of the epidemiological history, clinical symptoms, radiological and laboratory tests. Radiologists often play a leading role in diagnosis of viral pneumonia, since they may encounter suspicious changes according to radiological studies before clinicians. However, in a number of diseases, including diseases of non-infectious non-viral etiology with a corresponding similar clinical symptoms, it may be difficult to correctly assess the changes detected by computed tomography. This study uses clinical cases to show the main differential diagnostic criteria for COVID-19 viral pneumonia and non-infectious lesions such as pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, acute hypersensitive pneumonitis, drug-induced pneumonitis, non-specific interstitial pneumonia, and adenocarcinoma. All patients were hospitalized based on the results of computed tomography, where a diagnosis of non-infectious non-viral lung injuries was established based on morphological and/or typical clinical symptoms, laboratory or radiological data. We examined clinical cases with radiological signs similar to viral pneumonia, such as areas of ground glass opacities with the presence or absence of areas of consolidation, as well as thickening of the lung interstitium with decreased lung attenuation (crazy paving symptom). In a difficult epidemiological situation, it is important for a radiologist to suspect the above-mentioned pathological conditions in patients who are urgently admitted to outpatient CT centers.

Artificial intelligence model for COVID-19 detection based on native chest computed tomography

MedAlliance ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-13
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Network Model ◽  
Neural Network Model ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Summary The aim is to develop and evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the artificial intelligence system for analyzing chest CT images, recognizing the leading signs of lung damage caused by coronavirus infection, and determining the damage volume. Materials and methods. We used open source images for the model training and validation, including anonymized complete studies or separate axial sections of chest CT of patients with PCR confirmed coronavirus etiology of lung disease. Algorithm of the model included sequence as follows: axial sections of CT of the chest organs at the entrance, image segmentation into 4 classes, visualization and calculation of the area as a part (in%) occupied by each finding from the total area of the pulmonary fields in all sections available for analysis. In this work, we used a convolutional artificial neural network for segmentation of the form of an encoder-decoder, with a Feature Pyramid Network (FPN) decoder and an encoder based on the EfficientNet-B5 classification neural network. To increase the diversity of the training data set, as well as to protect the neural network model from retraining, input image transformations are used in the learning process. Results. The neural network model with high accuracy (IoU 0.82-0.97) reveals diagnostic signs that determine the severity of lung damage with a new coronavirus infection, on axial sections of native computed tomography of the chest. The diagnostic accuracy of the model for determining the signs of interstitial and alveolar infiltration exceeds the accuracy of a novice radiologist and is comparable to a diagnostician in predicting the shape of pulmonary fields and the presence of pleural effusion. Findings. The model can be used as an effective intelligent radiologist assistant when working with CT studies of patients with suspected coronavirus infection.

scholarly journals Plasma S-Adenosylmethionine is Associated with Lung Injury in COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Kryukov ◽  
Alexander Ivanov ◽  
Vladimir Karpov ◽  
Valery Alexandrin ◽  
Alexander Dygai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Injury ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Methylation Index ◽  
Relative Ratio ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Damage Risk ◽  
Cytokine Imbalance

AbstractObjectiveS-Adenosylmethionine (SAM) and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) are indicators of global transmethylation and may play an important role as markers of severity of COVID-19.MethodsThe levels of plasma SAM and SAH were determined in patients admitted with COVID-19 (n = 56, mean age = 61). Lung injury was identified by computed tomography (CT) in accordance with the CT0-4 classification.ResultsSAM was found to be a potential marker of lung damage risk in COVID-19 patients (SAM > 80 nM; CT3,4 vs. CT 0-2: relative ratio (RR) was 3.0; p = 0.0029). SAM/SAH > 6.0 was also found to be a marker of lung injury (CT2-4 vs. CT0,1: RR = 3.47, p = 0.0004). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were associated with SAM (ρ = 0.44, p = 0.01) and SAH (ρ = 0.534, p = 0.001) levels.ConclusionsHigh SAM levels and high methylation index are associated with the risk of lung injury in COVID-19 patients. The association of SAM and SAH with IL-6 indicates an important role of transmethylation in the development of cytokine imbalance in COVID-19 cases.

scholarly journals Features of glucocorticoides using for treatment of a patient with a new coronaviral infection in the conditions of the observator on the basis of students’ dormitory. Clinical case

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Kuznetsova ◽  
Anna V. Lubimova ◽  
Zhanna V. Pleshanova ◽  
Olga S. Zamyatina ◽  
Nikita V. Donetskov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Treatment Regimen ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Medical Monitoring ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

The article is devoted to the peculiarities of providing medical care for coronavirus infection in a university student who has been moved to an observatory organized in a hotel-type hostel of the university to prevent the spread of COVID-19 among students living in hostels. The article provides data on the positive experience of using dexamethasone in the treatment regimen for moderately severe disease, follow-up and examination data. The article considers the tactics of managing a patient with suspected COVID-19 in the presence of data for pneumonia according to computed tomography and clinical manifestations characteristic of a new coronavirus infection, which was later confirmed in the study of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The importance of round-the-clock medical monitoring of persons placed in the observatory, finding out the details of the epidemiological history from them, as well as determining the tactics of their treatment with limited hospitalization opportunities in a growing number of patients with severe manifestations of COVID-19 requiring inpatient treatment is emphasized. A new coronavirus infection can lead to a rapid deterioration of the condition in young patients, which is not always manifested by severe lung damage according to computed tomography data, but is characterized by persistent fever that cannot be stopped by antipyretics, as well as severe muscle pain, severe asthenia, which can be considered as clinical indicators of the development of hyperactive inflammatory syndrome. The use in the treatment regimen of intravenous dexamethasone at a dose of 0.1 mg / kg of body weight twice led to a rapid normalization of temperature, relief of all clinical symptoms and was not accompanied by any complications both in the early period of convalescence and 2 months after discharge from the observatory.

scholarly journals X-ray study as an alternative method for visualizing changes in lungs, with infection caused by COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
E. A. Litvinenko ◽  
M. M. Erovenko ◽  
I. V. Burova
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Lung Damage ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Pathological Changes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Coronavirus Infection

Introduction. Despite the existence of generally accepted diagnostic protocols, when a new coronavirus infection is suspected, in some cases, it is increasingly difficult to detect changes in the lung tissue in a timely manner due to the heavy workload of the main method of radiation diagnostics – computed tomography. Purpose of the study. To determine the effectiveness of the appointment of an X-ray examination as first-line metgod, as well as to carry out a comparative analysis of the use of radiation diagnostics methods – computed tomography and radiography in relation to the diagnostic sensitivity to changes in lung tissue when a person is infected with the SARS-COV-2 virus.Materials and methods. 150 patients (63.0 ± 8.4 years) with confirmed coronavirus infection were examined. Each of the participants underwent X-ray examination and computed tomography of the chest organs. The percentage of subjects studied for each of the degrees of severity of lung damage was determined to identify the proportion of involvement of lung tissue in the pathological process in the bulk of the examined individuals.Results. Of the 150 patients, changes in the lung tissue during chest X-ray were detected in 97 (65%), respectively, in 53 (35%), pathological changes in the lungs were not visualized. When examining patients by computed tomography, changes in the lungs were detected in 143 patients (95%), X-ray morphological changes were not detected in 7 subjects (5%). When detecting the volume of lung damage, it turned out that the majority of the subjects – 86 people (57%) – had the degree of damage CT-2. The degree of CT-1 and CT-3 was determined in 26 (17%) and 25 (17%) patients, respectively. CT-4 was observed in 6 patients (4%), and in 5% of cases, CT was not able to detect pathological changes in the lung tissue, the degree of CT-0 was established.Conclusion. In the assessment of viral lung damage, radiography takes a significant place, but in 35% of cases, radiographic examination failed to identify the existing pathological changes. CT of the chest organs confirms its value as the “gold standard” in the study of pulmonary pathology in coronavirus infection, but if it is impossible to perform it, radiography is recommended.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document