scholarly journals The assessment of the structure of anti-doping rules violation and the evaluation of anti-doping measures efficiency in Russian athletics during 2000–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
E. N. Bezuglov ◽  
O. B. Talibov ◽  
V. Y. Khaitin ◽  
A. M. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Rule Violation ◽  
Zero Tolerance Policy ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Functional Mechanisms

The assessment of the structure and trends of doping perpetrations among athletes with a proven high prevalence of doping use might be of great practical interest. Non-compliance with the zero-tolerance policy towards anti-doping rules violators among sports communities with a high prevalence of doping offenses is the main cause of the ineffective fight against doping.Objective: to analyze the structure of anti-doping rule violations and evaluate the effectiveness of measures to counter the spread of doping in Russian athletics in 2000–2020.Materials and methods: to form an objective picture, a database was collected on all anti-doping rule violators in Russian athletics from 2000 to June 01, 2020 from open sources. Retrospective analysis of the protocols of all official competitions held in Russia since 2000 and included in the RUSAF Unified Schedule was performed.Results: 381 cases of anti-doping rule violation committed during 2000–2020 period by 355 athletes were registered. 25 athletes committed 2 doping offenses and 1 athlete 3 ones. Women perpetrated more offenses than men.Conclusions: our study objectified the doping issue in Russian athletics and evaluated the effectiveness of anti-doping measures. The study indicates the need to stop ignoring zero-tolerance policy principles towards doping offenders among the athletic community and creates an incentive to develop functional mechanisms to combat doping.

Workforce Race Equality Standard survey in general practice: Lewisham 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. bjgp20X711125
Author(s):  
Sebastian Kalwij
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Diverse Workforce ◽  
The Public ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Zero Tolerance Policy ◽  
Minority Ethnic ◽  
Equality Standard ◽  
Improve Health

BackgroundThe NHS Workforce Race Equality Standard (WRES) was introduced in 2015 and is mandatory for NHS trusts. Nine indicators have been created to evaluate the experiences of black and minority ethnic (BME) staff compared with the rest of the workforce. The trust data published showed a poor experience of BME staff compared with non BME staff.AimTo introduce the concept of WRES into general practice and create a baseline from which improvement can be made. A diverse workforce will better serve its population and this will improve health outcomes.MethodWe conducted a survey among all general practice staff members, clinicians, and non-clinicians and asked open-ended questions built around four WRES indicators most applicable to general practice, over a 6-week period in August and September 2019.ResultsWe collected 151 responses out of a total workforce of around 550. The response rate between clinicians and non-clinicians was equal 50.6% versus 49.4%. The distribution of non BME staff 51% versus BME staff 49% mirrors the diverse population of Lewisham. 54% of BME staff experienced bullying from patients, their relatives, and members of the public. 25% experienced bullying from a colleague or staff member in the workplace and 22% of BME staff changed jobs as a result of this.ConclusionBME staff in general practice report high levels of racism, especially from service users. In 22% this led to a career change. A zero-tolerance policy needs to be enforced and a multi-pronged approach is required to address this.

I dannati delle carceri. Una pronuncia della Corte Suprema degli Stati Uniti: una lezione da seguire

2012 ◽  
pp. 72-83
Author(s):  
Elisabetta Grande
Keyword(s):  
Public Safety ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Zero Tolerance Policy ◽  
Prison Overcrowding ◽  
Ultimate Failure ◽  
The U.S

Building new prisons is not a solution for prison overcrowding; to the contrary, it is part of the problem. This is the U.S. Supreme Court's lesson in one of its most recent decisions, Brown v. Plata, confirming the previous order of a three-judge court to reduce California's prison population by around 40.000 persons within two years. Finding cruel and unusual the punishment imposed to prisoners in California, because of the terrible conditions in serving their sentence, the Court shows the ultimate failure of a sentencing system based upon incapacitation and a zero tolerance policy. Public safety is better served without rather than with prisons: this seems to be the message that Brown v. Plata is sending to legislators, administrators and citizens. It is a message that Europeans and Italians should listen to very carefully.

scholarly journals The same old story: Workplace violence towards healthcare providers during COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 006-009
Author(s):  
Ali Kemal Erenler ◽  
Seval Komut ◽  
Ahmet Baydin
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Workplace Violence ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Intention To Leave ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Zero Tolerance Policy

Workplace violence (WPV) is a growing public health problem worldwide affecting physical and mental health of healthcare providers. It has many deterious consequences such as anxiety, burnout and intention to leave the job. With the pandemic, it is assumed that the incidence of workplace violence tends to increase. Particularly, misinformation about the nature of the disease create prejudice against staff working in healthcare facilities. There are several measures to be taken for prevention of physical and mental health of healthcare providers. A “zero-tolerance policy against violence” should be implemented. Doctors and nurses should be encouraged to report incidents. Social support should be provided for the personnel. In this review, our aim was to clarify if there is an increase in the incidence of WPV against healthcare providers in the pandemic process. We also aimed to make recommendations about measures that must be taken to prevent healthcare providers from detrimental effects of WPV.

A MODEL HIERARCHY FOR IONOSPHERIC PLASMA MODELING

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTOPHE BESSE ◽  
PIERRE DEGOND ◽  
FABRICE DELUZET ◽  
JEAN CLAUDEL ◽  
GÉRARD GALLICE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Plasma Density ◽  
Maxwell Equations ◽  
Ionospheric Plasma ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Plasma Modeling ◽  
Model Hierarchy ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Two Fluid ◽  
Insight Into

This paper deals with the modeling of the ionospheric plasma. Starting from the two-fluid Euler–Maxwell equations, we present two hierarchies of models. The MHD hierarchy deals with large plasma density situations while the dynamo hierarchy is adapted to lower density situations. Most of the models encompassed by the dynamo hierarchy are classical ones, but we shall give a unified presentation of them which brings a new insight into their interrelations. By contrast, the MHD hierarchy involves a new (at least to the authors) model, the massless-MHD model. This is a diffusion system for the density and magnetic field which could be of great practical interest. Both hierarchies terminate with the "classical" Striation model, which we shall investigate in detail.

scholarly journals Sticky Thermals: Evidence for a Dominant Balance between Buoyancy and Drag in Cloud Updrafts

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 2890-2901 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Romps ◽  
Alexander B. Charn
Keyword(s):  
Large Eddy Simulation ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Severe Weather ◽  
Convective Clouds ◽  
Eddy Simulation ◽  
Large Eddy ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Natural Boundaries ◽  
Drag Law

Abstract The vertical velocities of convective clouds are of great practical interest because of their influence on many phenomena, including severe weather and stratospheric moistening. However, the magnitudes of forces giving rise to these vertical velocities are poorly understood, and the dominant balance is in dispute. Here, an algorithm is used to extract thousands of cloud thermals from a large-eddy simulation of deep and tropical maritime convection. Using a streamfunction to define natural boundaries for these thermals, the dominant balance in the vertical momentum equation is revealed. Cloud thermals rise with a nearly constant speed determined by their buoyancy and the standard drag law with a drag coefficient of 0.6. Contrary to suggestions that cloud thermals might be slippery, with a dominant balance between buoyancy and acceleration, cloud thermals are found here to be sticky, with a dominant balance between buoyancy and drag.

About injuries with a chemical (ink) pencil

1930 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 841-843
Author(s):  
S. I. Rizvash
Keyword(s):  
Human Tissue ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Great Practical Interest ◽  
Treatment Of Wounds ◽  
Type Of Injury

In Russian literature, very little attention has been paid to this type of injury. I managed to find only 2 articles in which this issue is treated. In the manuals on general and private surgery, both translated and original, there is no indication of the action of aniline pencils on human tissue. Nothing is said about this even in the largest Russian monographs on the treatment of wounds (Trinkler, Petrov). Meanwhile, the injuries caused by a chemical pencil, due to their peculiar course and often even a difficult outcome, are undoubtedly of great practical interest. This prompts me to report two cases of such an injury, which I observed in different medical institutions at almost the same time.

Sea of Good Intentions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Irwin ◽  
Karen Umemoto
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Justice ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Juvenile Justice System ◽  
Ethic Of Care ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Policy Environment ◽  
Zero Tolerance Policy ◽  
Caring Adults ◽  
Critical Times

In chapter six we juxtapose the work of compassionate adults against the harsh “zero-tolerance” policy environment and highlight the positive impacts of caring adults on youth at critical times in adolescence. We begin with a brief review of the rise of “zero-tolerance” policies and how they took shape nationally and in Hawai‘i. We hear the stories of June and Auggie, who experienced the punitive sting of the juvenile justice system as teens under this policy environment. We contrast that with examples of school and court professionals who made a marked difference in the lives of youth and explore the meaning and importance of discretionary power using an “ethic of care.”

scholarly journals Rethinking the Anti-FGM Zero-Tolerance Policy: from Intellectual Concerns to Empirical Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-275
Author(s):  
Sarah O’Neill ◽  
Dina Bader ◽  
Cynthia Kraus ◽  
Isabelle Godin ◽  
Jasmine Abdulcadir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Genital Mutilation ◽  
Zero Tolerance ◽  
World Health ◽  
Genital Mutilation ◽  
Tolerance Strategy ◽  
Zero Tolerance Policy ◽  
Genital Cutting ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Female Genital

Abstract Purpose of Review Based on the discussions of a symposium co-organized by the Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) and the University of Lausanne (UNIL) in Brussels in 2019, this paper critically reflects upon the zero-tolerance strategy on “Female Genital Mutilation” (FGM) and its socio-political, legal and moral repercussions. We ask whether the strategy is effective given the empirical challenges highlighted during the symposium, and also whether it is credible. Recent Findings The anti-FGM zero-tolerance policy, first launched in 2003, aims to eliminate all types of “female genital mutilation” worldwide. The FGM definition of the World Health Organization condemns all forms of genital cutting (FGC) on the basis that they are harmful and degrading to women and infringe upon their rights to physical integrity. Yet, the zero-tolerance policy only applies to traditional and customary forms of genital cutting and not to cosmetic alterations of the female genitalia. Recent publications have shown that various popular forms of cosmetic genital surgery remove the same tissue as some forms of “FGM”. In response to the zero-tolerance policy, national laws banning traditional forms of FGC are enforced and increasingly scrutinize the performance of FGC as well as non-invasive rituals that are culturally meaningful to migrants. At the same time, cosmetic procedures such as labiaplasty have become more popular than ever before and are increasingly performed on adolescents. Summary This review shows that the socio-legal and ethical inconsistencies between “FGM” and cosmetic genital modification pose concrete dilemmas for professionals in the field that need to be addressed and researched.

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