scholarly journals Allelopathic effects of Androstachys johnsonii Prain on germination and growth of Zea mays L. and Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.

2022 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 945-958
Author(s):  
Mokgaetji Georginah Mokganya ◽  
Hadzhi Maanda Ligavha-Mbelengwa
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Vigna Subterranea ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Androstachys Johnsonii Prain ◽  
Traditional Crops

Allelopathic effects of the donor plants are mostly regarded as harmful to target plants such as traditional crops. Traditional crops play pivotal role as staple food for rural communities and hence ensuring food security. Study of the allelopathic effects of Androstachys johnsonii Prain on the germination and growth of Zea mays L. and Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc was conducted. Different plant leachates concentrations of 0.675%, 1.25%, 2.5% and 5% were prepared through serial dilutions. Germination bioassays were arranged in a complete randomized setup of three replicates for each treatment for seven days. Germination rates were calculated, radicle and hypocotyl lengths were also measured. Germination rates of Z. mays L. and V. subterranea (L.) Verdc. ranged from 50 - 100% and 18 - 76%, respectively. Significant differences of P< 0.005 were noticed from the germination rates of V. subterranea (L.) Verdc subjected to high concentrations of different extracts used. Statistically there was no significant differences between germination rates of Z. mays L. treated with all concentrations of leaf leachates against germination rates of the seeds treated with distilled water. Outstandingly, the germination rate and early growth of Z. mays L. were promoted by less concentrated extracts of leaf, root, stem bark and soil which then suggest future use of allelochemicals from Androstachys johnsonii Prain for promotion of maize plant productions. Based on the beneficial attributes of allelochemicals from Androstachys johnsonii on the germination and growth of Z. mays L., planting of Androstachys johnsonii Prain in maize fields is highly recommended.

scholarly journals Phytotoxic Effect of Tithonia rotundifolia (Miller) S.F.Blake on Chlorophyll and Protein Contents of Vigna unguiculata L. and Zea mays L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Ilori Olasupo John ◽  
Olutobi Oluwafunmilayo Otusanya
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect ◽  
Biochemical Analyses ◽  
Germination And Growth ◽  
Range Test

A large number of plants impose inhibitory effects on the germination and growth of neighbouring or successional plants by releasing allelochemicals into the soil. This study investigated the phytotoxic effects of Tithonia rotundifolia (Miller) S.F.Blake on the chlorophyll and protein contents of Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers and Zea mays L.. This was with a view to determining the susceptibility of these crops to allelochemicals in the extracts prepared from T. rotundifolia. Seeds of the test plants were sown in pots filled with top humus soil. At two weeks, seedlings in each pot were thinned down to 10 seedlings per pot. Potted plants of the test crops were supplied with 400 ml of the appropriate water extracts while the control potted plants were supplied with 400 ml of water. Biochemical analyses were carried out according to standard methods. The data obtained were analysed by (ANOVA) to determine significant (P< 0.05) effects. The means were compared using Duncan Multiple Range Test. The chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and protein contents in V. unguiculata and Z. mays and were significantly inhibited by the extract from T. rotundifolia. The inhibitory effects of these allelochemicals increased with concentration. The phytotoxic effect of T. rotundifolia was species dependent. It was concluded that the extract contains water-soluble allelochemicals which inhibited the biochemical parameters of the test crops. T. rotundifolia should be controlled where it grows in association with cultivated crops.

Phytotoxical effect of Lepidium draba L. extracts on the germination and growth of monocot (Zea mays L.) and dicot (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuf Kaya ◽  
Ozkan Aksakal ◽  
Serap Sunar ◽  
Filiz Aygun Erturk ◽  
Sedat Bozari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Lepidium Draba ◽  
Germination And Growth

scholarly journals Germination and seedlings growth of Corn (Zea mays L.) to allelopathic effects of rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian ◽  
◽  
Mehdi Khoshkharam ◽  
Wenli Sun ◽  
Qi Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Allelopathic Effects

Allelopathic effects of perennial sow thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) on germination and seedling growth of maize (Zea mays L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
T Bashir ◽  
W Anum ◽  
I Ali ◽  
A Ghaffar ◽  
L Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

scholarly journals Changes in the vitality, lipid peroxidation and hydrogen peroxyde content of maize /Zea mays l./ seedlings during controlled accelerated ageing

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (29) ◽  
pp. 110-117
Author(s):  
Radoslav Chipilski ◽  
◽  
Albena Pencheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Membrane Stability ◽  
Accelerated Ageing ◽  
Cell Membrane Stability

Seeds from the maize /Zea mays L./ variety Kneja 310 and landrace B0E0170 were subjected to controlled accelerated aging test (AA) for 72 hours and 120 hours at temperature 41±0.5°C and 100.0% air relative humidity. For the control variant, not subjected to the АА test seeds were used. After AA test, all seed variants were germinated and were used for an analysis of germination energy. The emerging coleoptiles were studied for the presence of anti-oxidative response (MDA, hydrogen peroxide, cell membrane stability), and morphological parameters and relative chlorophyll content were assessed as well as. A vegetation pot experiment was performed with the AA-72h variant and 15-day seedlings were morphologically and physiologically assessed. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the vitality of the seeds and their stress response to the controlled AA test, which simulated low-temperature storage. The germination rate of seeds and the fresh and dry weight of coleoptiles following ageing treatments were decreased. These results correlated well with the increased accumulation of total hydrogen peroxide and MDA content and the decrease of cell membrane stability. Negative changes were observed in chlorophyll content index, fresh and dry weight and leaf area of 15-day seedlings in pot trial. It was concluded that the controlled accelerated ageing could be used as a model for estimation of seed deterioration in maize after long-term storage.

scholarly journals Favourable and Unfavourable Effect of Homogeneous Static Magnetic Field on Germination of Zea mays L (Maize) Seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
J. Torres ◽  
J. Aranzazu-Osorio ◽  
E. Restrepo-Parra
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Magnetic Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Maize Seeds ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Magnetic Gradients

The effect of homogeneous static magnetic stimulation on Zea mays L. (maize) seeds and its potential utility as a tool in biotechnological development for the improvement of maize seeds was studied. The values of magnetic flux density that influenced the biological development of some plant species of the Poaceae family were determined from a literature review. ICA V-305 variety corn seeds were exposed to seven values of magnetic flux density between 50.0 mT and 250.0 mT, with homogeneity of 98.4% and at (1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 7.0) min exposure times. The mean germination time (MGT), index of germination speed (VGer) and germination rate (Gmax) were evaluated as responses. The magnetic flux density of 50.0 mT with a one-minute exposure time recorded the largest reduction (12.4%) in the MGT while the germination rate for the same treatment increased by 17.4% with respect to the control. No significant effects of the magnetic treatment were recorded for the Gm&aacute;x . The magnetic treatment of seeds with homogeneous static fields does not have as favourable a response as the treatments with fields with magnetic gradients, that is to say, using toroidal magnets.

scholarly journals Mycoflora of grain maize (Zea mays L.) stored in traditional storage containers (gombisa and sacks) in selected woredas of Jimma zone, Ethiopia

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (62) ◽  
pp. 8676-8694
Author(s):  
B Dubale ◽  
◽  
A Solomon ◽  
B Geremew ◽  
G Sethumadhava Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Storage Container ◽  
Jimma Zone ◽  
Storage Containers ◽  
Storage Structures

Mycoflora of maize (Zea mays L.) grain (Variety: Bako Hybrid-660) stored in two traditional storage containers (Gombisa and Sacks) for 180 days was studied for mycoflora in two agro-ecologies, that is Intermediate and Lowland, with altitude ranges of 1500-2500 meters above sea level, and 1000-1500 meters above sea level, respectively, in Jimma zone, Ethiopia. The temperature and relative humidity were observed for identifying fungi species which can flourish and cause maximum deterioration to maize grains. Significant (P<0.05) decreases in germination rate of the grains were observed with time under each storage method for both the low and intermediate altitude ranges. Germination percentage reduced from 98% and 97.5% to 68.5% and 80.5% for grains stored in Gombisa and Sacks, respectively. Storage type significantly (p<0.05) affected seed germination under intermediate agro-ecology whereas no significant (p>0.05) effect was observed under lowland agro-ecology due to storage container type. One sterile white mycelium and a total number of eight species of fungi viz., Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tereus, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Drechslera halodes, Fusarium oxysporum and Penicillium chrysogenum were identified from maize grain at the beginning and during storage. The most common fungi recorded from both agroecologies in the two storage structures were A. flavus, A. niger, D. halodes and F.oxysporum. These fungi were recorded from 90, 51, 72 and 44 percentage of the seed samples, respectively. In the districts of both intermediate and lowland agro-ecology these fungi were consistently recorded throughout 180 days, during storage. A. fumigatus was detected in3.6% of samples while C. cladosporioides observed in 15% of the samples. Fungal species A. tereus and Penicillium were recorded in 0.5% of samples in selected districts of Jimma. These fungal species were known to cause deterioration of maize and are a health risk to humans and animals due to the toxins they potentially produce.

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