scholarly journals Using Thermal Imaging to Detect Deception Following a Staged Theft

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassie Harper ◽  
Madison Walcott ◽  
Frank LoSchiavo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Actual Amount ◽  
Mock Crime ◽  
Concealed Information ◽  
Physiological Reactions ◽  
Skin Temperatures

We conducted an experiment to test whether thermal imaging could detect deception. Half of the participants (n = 42) were randomly assigned to be “thieves” by stealing money from an unattended briefcase. The other half (n = 41) were randomly assigned to be “innocent suspects.” Immediately after the simulated theft, we interrogated all participants, although we instructed them to deny any involvement in the theft. During the interrogation, we measured each participant’s facial temperature using a consumer-grade, infrared thermometer. We hypothesized that lying would produce physiological reactions resulting in elevated skin temperatures. Although nearly all group means showed that thieves had higher skin temperatures than innocent suspects, most of the differences were not statistically significant. However, we found that thieves had statistically significantly higher skin temperatures when asked about the actual amount of money that was stolen. Thus, we found that thermal imaging was able to detect that thieves had concealed information regarding the mock crime. Thieves also reported statistically significantly more anxiety from the beginning to the end of the interrogation.

Detection of Concealed Information: Combining a Virtual Mock Crime with a P300-based Guilty Knowledge Test

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinsun Hahm ◽  
Hyung Ki Ji ◽  
Je Young Jeong ◽  
Dong Hoon Oh ◽  
Seok Hyeon Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Test ◽  
Guilty Knowledge Test ◽  
Mock Crime ◽  
Information Combining ◽  
Concealed Information ◽  
Detection Of Concealed Information

Physiological reactions of Caucasian and Bantu males in acute exposure to cold

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Wyndham ◽  
J. S. Ward ◽  
N. B. Strydom ◽  
J. F. Morrison ◽  
C. G. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Metabolic Reactions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Physiological Reactions ◽  
Average Skin ◽  
Skin Temperatures

Eleven men per sample of Caucasian and Bantu males were exposed for 2 hr in a climatic chamber at various air temperatures ranging from 5 to 27 C, and a wind velocity of 80–100 ft/min. When expressed per square meter surface area the metabolism of the Bantu was greater in the range above 18 C and below 6 C. Average skin temperatures were similar for both groups, but between 27 and 17 C the toe and finger temperatures of the Caucasians were significantly higher than that of the Bantu—the difference at 27 C being 5 C for the fingers and 3.6 C for the toes. Rectal temperatures of both groups were similar between 27 and 17 C. With the rectal temperatures at 27 C air temperature as the criterion, it was found that as the air temperatures decreased below the 27–17 C range the rectal temperatures of the Bantu fell linearly, while the rectal temperatures of the Caucasians rose steadily. There is no doubt that in certain ranges of air temperatures there are significant differences between the cold reactions of Caucasians and the Bantu. cold adaptation; ethnic differences in response to cold; metabolic and body temperature reactions to cold; metabolic response to body temperature; metabolic reactions of ethnic groups Submitted on July 15, 1963

Physiological reactions to cold of men in the Antarctic

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Wyndham ◽  
R. Plotkin ◽  
A. Munro
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Cold Adaptation ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Climatic Chamber ◽  
Thermoneutral Zone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Physiological Reactions ◽  
Average Skin ◽  
Skin Temperatures

The physiological reactions to cold of five members of the 1961–1962 South African expedition to the Antarctic were studied in a climatic chamber in Johannesburg, and again after 6 months and after 12 months in the Antarctic. Their results were compared with the results of a control group in Johannesburg. The predeparture results were within the 95% significance intervals of the control group. After 12 months in the Antarctic their results fell outside the 95% significance intervals of the control group when at 5 C air temperature, metabolism, average skin temperatures, rectal temperatures, and finger temperatures were all significantly lower. Toe temperatures, however, were higher. There appeared to be a gradual “adaptation” and general “toughening” to the cold, because the subjects shed their clothing progressively until they could run about naked in the snow. The values at the thermoneutral zone of 27 C did not change over the 12 months, however. It is therefore concluded that it is unlikely that the changes in physiological responses were of endocrine origin. cold adaptation in Antarctic; metabolic and body temperature reactions to cold Submitted on August 16, 1963

The Effect of Polarity on Object Recognition in Thermal Images

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Michael S. Brickner ◽  
Amir Zvuloni
Keyword(s):  
Object Recognition ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Target Object ◽  
The Other ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effect Of Polarity

Thermal imaging (TI) systems, transform the distribution of relative temperatures in a scene into a visible TV image. TIs differ significantly from regular TV images. Most TI systems allow their operators to select preferred polarity which determines the way in which gray shades represent different temperatures. Polarity may be set to either black hot (BH) or white hot (WH). The present experiments were designed to investigate the effects of polarity on object recognition performance in TI and to compare object recognition performance of experts and novices. In the first experiment, twenty flight candidates were asked to recognize target objects in 60 dynamic TI recordings taken from two different TI systems. The targets included a variety of human placed and natural objects. Each subject viewed half the targets in BH and the other half in WH polarity in a balanced experimental design. For 24 out of the 60 targets one direction of polarity produced better performance than the other. Although the direction of superior polarity (BH or WH better) was not consistent, the preferred representation of the target object was very consistent. For example, vegetation was more readily recognized when presented as dark objects on a brighter background. The results are discussed in terms of importance of surface determinants versus edge determinants in the recognition of TI objects. In the second experiment, the performance of 10 expert TI users was found to be significantly more accurate but not much faster than the performance of 20 novice subjects.

Cold-induced vasodilatation response in the fingers at 4 different water temperatures

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor B. Mekjavic ◽  
Uroš Dobnikar ◽  
Stylianos N. Kounalakis
Keyword(s):  
Young Male ◽  
The Other ◽  
Subjective Ratings ◽  
Thermal Discomfort ◽  
Temperature Sensation ◽  
Cold Induced Vasodilatation ◽  
Finger Skin ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Skin Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Amplitude

We evaluated the cold-induced vasodilatation (CIVD) response at 4 different water temperatures. Nine healthy young male subjects immersed their right hands in 35 °C water for 5 min, and immediately thereafter for 30 min in a bath maintained at either 5, 8, 10, or 15 °C. The responses of finger skin temperatures, subjective ratings of thermal comfort and temperature sensation scores were compared between the 4 immersion trials. The number of subjects who exhibited a CIVD response was higher during immersion of the hand in 5 and 8 °C (100%) compared with 10 and 15 °C water (87.5% and 37.5%, respectively). The CIVD temperature amplitude was 4.2 ± 2.6, 3.4 ± 2.0, 2.1 ± 1.6, and 2.8 ± 2.0 °C at 5, 8, 10, and 15 °C trials, respectively; higher in 5 and 8 °C compared with 10 and 15 °C water (p = 0.003). No differences in CIVD were found between the 5 and 8 °C immersions. However, during immersion in 5 °C, subjects felt “uncomfortable” while in the other trials felt “slightly uncomfortable” (p = 0.005). The temperature sensation score was “cold” for 5 °C and “cool” for the other trials, but no statistical differences were observed. Immersion of the hand in 8 °C elicits a CIVD response of similar magnitude as immersion in 5 °C, but with less thermal discomfort.

Enhancing the complex trial protocol (CTP) and detecting concealed information in a mock crime scenario

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
J.P. Rosenfeld ◽  
M.R. Winograd ◽  
A. Haynes ◽  
E.B. Labkovsky
Keyword(s):  
Trial Protocol ◽  
Mock Crime ◽  
Concealed Information

Responses of Zebu, Jersey, and Zebu X Jersey crossbred heifers to rising temperature, with particular reference to sweating

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 165 ◽  
Author(s):  
TE Allen
Keyword(s):  
Skin Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sweating Rate ◽  
Respiration Rates ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
Skin Temperatures

Zebu, Jersey, and Zebu x Jersey crossbred heifers were subjected to a rising temperature regime over the range 65 to 105°F. Sweating rates, respiration rates, skin temperatures, and rectal temperatures were measured. All breeds showed similar responses in skin temperature and rectal temperature to increase in air temperature. The increase in skin temperature was approximately linear with rise in air temperature. Rectal temperature did not commence to rise until an air temperature of 90°F and a skin temperature of 98° was reached. Breed differences in sweating and respiratory rates with increase in air and skin temperature were observed. The Jersey heifers showed an early and almost linear increase in sweating rate with rise in air and skin temperature, whereas the sweating rate of the Zebu heifers did not increase until air temperature had risen to at least 85°F and skin temperature to 95°. Two crossbreds began to increase their sweating rates at temperatures intermediate between those recorded for Zebus arid Jerseys. The remaining two behaved similarly to Jerseys. All three breeds showed similar maximum sweating rates in response to this rising temperature regime. The respiratory rate of' the Jerseys was higher than that of the Zebus at all temperatures, and particularly at high temperatures. Crossbreds respired at rates comparable to the Jerseys until an air temperature of 90°F and a skin temperature of 97°F were exceeded, when their respiration rates became intermediate between the other two breeds. The significance of these differences is discussed.

Wheat Spike Temperature in Relation to Base Temperature for Grain Filling Duration

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pararajasingham ◽  
L. A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The Other ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Infrared Thermometer ◽  
Grain Filling Duration ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Wheat Spike

Estimates of the base temperature for grain filling duration of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) differ between outdoor and indoor studies. This study was set up to determine whether this difference could be attributed to variation in spike-air temperature differentials. Spike and/or spikelet temperatures were determined in wheat grown outdoors as well as indoors. Spike temperature, measured with an infrared thermometer, of wheat grown outdoors with adequate water supply was 1.5 °C greater than air temperature while spikelet temperature measured with a thermocouple closely approximated air temperature. In indoor grown wheat, on the other hand, regardless of the magnitude of air temperature, spikelet temperature was found to be 3–4 °C above that of air when lights were on. Estimating the base temperature for grain filling duration with data from a previous indoor study, with compensation for the 3–4 °C increase in spikelet temperature, resulted in 8.8 °C base temperature for grain filling duration, comparable to that obtained in outdoor studies. Differences between outdoor and indoor studies may thus reflect spike-air temperature differentials. Estimation of the base temperature for grain filling with air temperature appears appropriate for outdoor studies. Key words: Triticum aestivum (L.), base temperature, grain filling duration, wheat

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