LA MOTIVACIÓN DE LOS ACTOS ADMINISTRATIVOS Y SU CONTROL. REFLEXIONES CRÍTICAS SOBRE LAS ÚLTIMAS ORIENTACIONES

Author(s):  
EVA DESDENTADO DAROCA

La interdicción de la arbitrariedad y las obligaciones de motivar y justificar las decisiones se han erigido en pilares claves del control judicial de la actividad administrativa. Sin embargo, siguen subsistiendo problemas, tanto conceptuales como de aplicación, que presentan un indudable interés: se discute la naturaleza formal o sustantiva de la motivación; las relaciones entre motivación y justificación siguen siendo complejas y controvertidas; no existe acuerdo sobre la obligación o no de motivar resoluciones administrativas que aplican conceptos jurídicos indeterminados; el principio de la autorrestricción judicial en el control de la motivación cede en algunos sectores mientras se mantiene de forma más que discutible en otros; y las últimas líneas jurisprudenciales evidencian que la determinación del alcance legítimo del control judicial sigue siendo conflictiva. El presente trabajo lleva a cabo una valoración crítica de las últimas orientaciones tanto en la doctrina científica como jurisprudencial, al mismo tiempo que ofrece propuestas conceptuales e interpretativas para contribuir a una adecuada evolución de estos aspectos oscuros del control judicial de la Administración. rbitrariotasunaren debekua eta erabakiak arrazoitzeko eta justifikatzeko betebeharrak oinarrizko zutabe bihurtu dira administrazio-jardueraren kontrol judizialean. Hala ere, oraindik arazo batzuk diraute, direla kontzeptualak, direla aplikaziokoak, eta interes ukaezina dute horiek guztiek: arrazoiketaren izatasun formala edo substantiboa eztabaidatzen da; arrazoiketaren eta justifikazioaren arteko harremanak konplexuak eta eztabaidagarriak dira oraindik; ez dago adostasunik kontzeptu juridiko zehaztugabeak aplikatzen dituzten administrazio-ebazpenak arrazoitu edo ez arrazoitu beharraz; arrazoiketaren kontroleko automurrizketa judizialak atzera egin du sektore batzuetan, eta beste batzuetan, aldiz, modu aski eztabaidagarrian mantendu da, eta azkeneko lerro jurisprudentzialek erakusten dute kontrol judizialaren irismen zilegia gatazkatsua dela oraindik. Honako lan honek balioespen kritiko bat egiten du doktrina zientifikoan zein jurisdikzionalean dauden azken jarraibideetan, eta era berean proposamen kontzeptual eta interpretatibo batzuk eskaintzen ditu, Administrazioaren kontrol judizialaren alderdi ilun horien bilakaera egokiari laguntzeko. The prohibition of arbitrariness, the duty to give reasons and the duty to justify decisions have become principles of main relevance in the judicial control of administrative discretion. However, there still remain important and interesting theoretical and practical problems: the formal or substantive nature of motivation is controversial; the relationship between motivation and justification is difficult and unclear; there is no agreement over the duty to motivate decisions that apply opentexture concepts; our tribunals leave the doctrine of self-restriction in some cases at the same time that they strongly maintained it in others without a clear justification; and the last judicial resolutions that determine the scope of the duty to give reasons show that this is still a difficult issue. This article approaches a critical analysis of the recent trends in these fields with the purpose to offer theoretical and interpretative proposals that should contribute to an adequate evolution of these problematic aspects of the judicial control of the Administration.

Author(s):  
Maria José Rangel de Mesquita

The article addresses the issue of judicial control of the implementation of Common Foreign and Security Policy at international regional level within the framework of the relaunching of the negotiation in view of the accession of the EU to the ECHR. Considering the extent of jurisdiction of the CJEU in respect of Common Foreign and Security Policy field in the light of its case law (sections 1 and 2), it analyses the question of judicial review of Common Foreign and Security Policy within international regional justice by the ECtHR in the light of the ongoing negotiations (section 3), in the perspective of the relationship between non-national courts (section 3.A), having as background the (2013) Draft Agreement of accession (section 3.B.1). After addressing the relaunching of the negotiation procedure (section 3.B.2) and the issue of CFSP control by the ECtHR according to the recent (re)negotiation meetings (section 3.B.3), some concrete proposals, including for the redrafting of the accession agreement, will be put forward (section 3.B.4), as well as a conclusion (section 4).


2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-274
Author(s):  
Katrin Felgenhauer

AbstractThe contemporary realist turn in philosophy can be seen as a reaction to a merely constructivist understanding of being. The formulation of a realist ontology was already the central concern of Nicolai Hartmann’s philosophy. Hartmann argues that in order to pose the ontological question critically, a realist analysis of the cognitive relation must precede posing the question of being. From the critical analysis, it follows that the cognitive relation is embedded in the relationship of being. Thus, the epistemic relation becomes understandable in the sense of beings encountering and touching one another. In this respect, some proponents of the contemporary realist turn emphasize that there is a philosophically relevant experience of being that can be understood as resistance. Beyond this statement, Hartmann’s analysis of the encounter with being is able to take into account the fact that different kinds of being touch us differently.


2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-370
Author(s):  
Maria José Rangel de Mesquita

The article addresses the issue of judicial control of the implementation of Common Foreign and Security Policy at international regional level within the framework of the relaunching of the negotiation in view of the accession of the EU to the ECHR. Considering the extent of jurisdiction of the CJEU in respect of Common Foreign and Security Policy field in the light of its case law (sections 1 and 2), it analyses the question of judicial review of Common Foreign and Security Policy within international regional justice by the ECtHR in the light of the ongoing negotiations (section 3), in the perspective of the relationship between non-national courts (section 3.A), having as background the (2013) Draft Agreement of accession (section 3.B.1). After addressing the relaunching of the negotiation procedure (section 3.B.2) and the issue of CFSP control by the ECtHR according to the recent (re)negotiation meetings (section 3.B.3), some concrete proposals, including for the redrafting of the accession agreement, will be put forward (section 3.B.4), as well as a conclusion (section 4).


2021 ◽  
pp. 147488512110496
Author(s):  
Aurelian Craiutu ◽  
Stefan Kolev

A review essay of key works and trends in the political thought of Central and Eastern Europe, before and after 1989. The topics examined include the nature of the 1989 velvet revolutions in the region, debates on civil society, democratization, the relationship between politics, economics, and culture, nationalism, legal reform, feminism, and “illiberal democracy.” The review essay concludes with an assessment of the most recent trends in the region.


Author(s):  
Rukmini Becerra Lubies ◽  
Felipe Hasler ◽  
Simona Mayo

<p class="Textofarticle" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10px;">Este art&iacute;culo enfatiza la importancia de develar la relaci&oacute;n entre lenguaje, educaci&oacute;n y globalizaci&oacute;n. Enfoc&aacute;ndonos en el caso de la Educaci&oacute;n Intercultural Biling&uuml;e en Chile y sus esfuerzos de revitalizaci&oacute;n del mapudungun, argumentamos que es posible desafiar la influencia negativa de la globalizaci&oacute;n si se hace expl&iacute;cita la relaci&oacute;n entre lenguaje, educaci&oacute;n y globalizaci&oacute;n. Igualmente se incluye la noci&oacute;n de globalizaci&oacute;n desde abajo (Appadurai, 2000) como lente principal para dicho argumento. Junto con esta propuesta, son centrales para este estudio las contribuciones de Freire (1970) y Bourdieu (1994). A trav&eacute;s de dichas perspectivas se analizan tres problemas derivados de la ausencia de un examen cr&iacute;tico de la globalizaci&oacute;n. (Este art&iacute;culo se ofrece solamente en espa&ntilde;ol.)</span></p><p>~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~</p><p>This study emphasizes the importance of uncovering the relationship between language, education and globalization. Focusing on the case of Intercultural Bilingual Education in Chile and its efforts to revitalize Mapudungun, we argue that the negative influence of globalization could be reduced if we make explicit the relationship between language, education and globalization. In this respect we include the notion globalization from below (Appadurai, 2000) a main lens for our argument. Along with this proposal, central to this study are the contributions of Freire (1970) and Bourdieu (1994). Through these perspectives, we analyze three problems arising from the absence of a critical analysis of globalization. (This article is provided only in Spanish.)</p><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /></div><!--[endif] -->


Author(s):  
János Csaba Kun ◽  
Daniel Feszty

Recent trends in vehicle engineering require manufacturers to develop products with highly refined noise, vibration and harshness levels. The use of trim elements, which can be described as Poroelastic materials (PEM), are key to achieve quiet interiors. Finite Element Methods (FEM) provide established solutions to simple acoustic problems. However, the inclusion of poroelastic materials, especially at higher frequencies, proves to be a difficult issue to overcome. The goal of this paper was to summarize the state-of-the-art solutions to acoustic challenges involving FEM-PEM simulation methods. This involves investigation of measurement and simulation campaigns both on industrial and fundamental academic research levels.


Panoptikum ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 117-130
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Radkiewicz

The text addresses the issue of feminist film criticism in Poland in the 1980s, represented by the book by Maria Kornatowska Eros i  film [Eros and Film, 1986]. In her analysis Kornatowska focused mostly on Polish cinema, examined through a feminist and psychoanalytic lens. As a film critic, she followed international cinematic offerings and the latest trends in film studies, which is why she decided to fill the gap in Polish writings on gender and sexuality in cinema, and share her knowledge and ideas on the relationship between Eros and Film. The purpose of the text on Kornatowska’s book was to present her individual interpretations of the approach of Polish and foreign filmmakers to the body, sexuality, gender identity, eroticism, the question of violence and death. Secondly, it was important to emphasize her skills and creative potential as a film critic who was able to use many diverse repositories of thought (including feminist theories, philosophy and anthropology) to create a multi-faceted lens, which she then uses to perform a subjective, critical analysis of selected films.


2020 ◽  
pp. 377-386
Author(s):  
Я. Ю. Конюшенко

The purpose of the article is to define the prosecutor's supervision over investigative (search) actions as a legal guarantee of human rights, as well as problematic issues in its implementation and to make proposals to improve the current criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine. The article defines doctrinal approaches to the concepts of "prosecutor's supervision over compliance with the law during the pre-trial investigation" and "prosecutor's procedural guidance of the pre-trial investigation" in the context of investigative (search) actions. The author came to the conclusion that the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On the Prosecutor's Office" and the Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine in terms of regulating the functions and powers of the prosecutor during the pre-trial investigation. Based on the study, it is proposed to consider procedural guidance as one of the forms of prosecutor's supervision over the pre-trial investigation, which is implemented directly by the prosecutor or a group of prosecutors who are appointed to carry it out in a particular criminal proceeding. The author also emphasizes the existence of forms of supervision of the highest level prosecutor on the legality of these actions, which are implemented through the demand and study of information on the progress and results of pre-trial investigation, criminal proceedings and certified copies of court decisions and study of compliance with criminal procedure. A number of problematic issues during the prosecutor's supervision in pre-trial criminal proceedings are outlined, which relate to the relationship between the prosecutor's supervision and judicial control over the legality of investigative (search) actions; subjects and subject of supervision of the prosecutor in this sphere; providing the prosecutor-procedural manager and prosecutors of the highest level with instructions and instructions during the investigative (search) actions. To address these issues, it is proposed to amend the current criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine. The study of the materials of criminal proceedings and the survey of the subjects of criminal proceedings indicate the existence of a number of problematic issues that exist during the implementation of the prosecutor's procedural guidance of investigative (search) actions in the context of human rights.


2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 727-733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Kong-Wang Hu ◽  
Jia-Wei Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Jian Wei ◽  
Xiang-Ling Meng ◽  
...  

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