scholarly journals ХАРАКТЕРИЗАЦИЯ УГЛЕРОДНЫХ ЭЛЕКТРОДОВ С НАНОЧАСТИЦАМИ ГИДРОКСИД НИКЕЛЯ ДЛЯ СУПЕРКОНДЕНСАТОРОВ(CHARACTERIZATION OF CARBON ELECTRODES WITH NANOPARTICLES OF NICKEL HYDROXIDE FOR SUPERCONDENSERS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyryn Nurbolat ◽  
Zhanar Kalkozova ◽  
Khabibulla Abdullin

Composite electrodes for supercapacitors have been obtained, consisting of a matrix of highly dispersed carbon materials: microcrystalline graphite and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, also a filler of nanoparticles of nickel hydroxide. Β-Co (OH) 2 and β-Ni (OH) 2 nanopowders were obtained by chemical deposition from solution. To create the electrodes, a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer in the form of a powder was used as a bonding material. The main technological stages of the manufacture of electrodes were determined, the parameters of the obtained structures were measured by the method of cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. For the manufacture of carbon electrodes, the optimal ratios of highly dispersed carbon materials, a binder polymer and a solvent have been determined to create mechanically strong layers with high conductivity and capacity. The technique of creating capacitor structures and measuring the capacitance of the obtained electrochemical capacitors has been worked out. Capacitors made of highly dispersed carbon materials showed typical rectangular curves of cyclic voltammetry and a linear decay-rise of the galvanostatic charge-discharge dependences. Typical values of specific capacity ~ 50 F / g were obtained. Composite electrodes made of nickel hydroxide nanoparticles in a carbon matrix demonstrated an increase in capacitance to ~ 180 F / g. It is shown that composite electrodes are promising for creating capacitors with a high specific capacity.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shyryn Nurbolat ◽  
Zhanar Kalkozova ◽  
Khabibulla Abdullin

Composite electrodes for supercapacitors have been obtained, consisting of a matrix of highly dispersed carbon materials: microcrystalline graphite and multi-walled carbon nanotubes, also a filler of nanoparticles of nickel hydroxide. Β-Co (OH) 2 and β-Ni (OH) 2 nanopowders were obtained by chemical deposition from solution. To create the electrodes, a polyvinylidene fluoride polymer in the form of a powder was used as a bonding material. The main technological stages of the manufacture of electrodes were determined, the parameters of the obtained structures were measured by the method of cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge. For the manufacture of carbon electrodes, the optimal ratios of highly dispersed carbon materials, a binder polymer and a solvent have been determined to create mechanically strong layers with high conductivity and capacity. The technique of creating capacitor structures and measuring the capacitance of the obtained electrochemical capacitors has been worked out. Capacitors made of highly dispersed carbon materials showed typical rectangular curves of cyclic voltammetry and a linear decay-rise of the galvanostatic charge-discharge dependences. Typical values of specific capacity ~ 50 F / g were obtained. Composite electrodes made of nickel hydroxide nanoparticles in a carbon matrix demonstrated an increase in capacitance to ~ 180 F / g. It is shown that composite electrodes are promising for creating capacitors with a high specific capacity.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (12 (111)) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Vadym Kovalenko ◽  
Valerii Kotok

Nickel foam is widely used as a current lead/current collector and the basis of nickel hydroxide electrodes for various electrochemical devices – batteries, hybrid supercapacitors, devices for electrocatalytic oxidation of organic substances. The characteristics of commercial samples of nickel foam produced by Novomet-Perm (Russian Federation) obtained by electroless and then electrochemical nickel plating and Linyi Gelon LIB Co Ltd (China) obtained by electroless nickel plating were studied. The nature of passivity was determined by forming model samples of electrochemical and electroless nickel on a steel base. For the passive sample, activation was carried out by applying a layer of electrochemical nickel from an impact nickel plating solution. Activated, non-activated samples of nickel foam, as well as model samples, were studied by the methods of cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling in the supercapacitor mode. Comparative analysis of Chinese-made and Russian-made nickel foam samples showed significant passivity of the former – in cyclic voltammetry, the activity was 4.8 times lower, with galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling – 2.59 times lower. It was suggested that high passivity was determined by the fact that the sample consisted of Ni-P or Ni-B alloy. This assumption was proved by the method of natural simulation. The electrochemical activity of electroless nickel was 1.25 times lower than that of electrochemical nickel (according to cyclic voltammetry data) and 1.58 times lower (according to galvanostatic cycling data). For the first time, Chinese-made nickel foam (electroless nickel) was activated by applying a layer of electrochemical nickel from an impact nickel electrolyte. The high activation efficiency was shown as follows – on the cyclic curve, the specific current of the anodic peak increased 8.71 times, and with galvanostatic cycling, the increase in specific capacity was from 1.73 times (at i=120 mA/cm2) to 4.84 times (at i=20 mA/cm2)


2021 ◽  
Vol 2049 (1) ◽  
pp. 012072
Author(s):  
E Taer ◽  
E Padang ◽  
N Yanti ◽  
Apriwandi ◽  
R Taslim

Abstract Recently, biomass waste has become the focus of several researchers because it has promising potential when processed into porous activated carbon. Abundant availability, uncomplicated processing, and more economical are the reasons for choosing biomass as the basic material for making carbon electrodes for electric energy storage supercapacitors. In this study, Etlingera elatior waste biomass is processed into activated carbon by heating at high temperature and impregnation of 0.5 M ZnCl2. The monolith sample was optimized through a single-stage integrated high-temperature pyrolysis process. Where the process of carbonization of N2 gas from a temperature of 30 °C to 600 °C followed by a physical activation process of CO2 gas to a temperature of 800 °C. Determination of the physical properties of the electrodes through density characterization, while the electrochemical properties were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge methods. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge discharge analysis were performed with 1 M Na2SO4 aqueous electrolyte at a voltage of 0–1 V and a scan rate of 1 mV/s. Furthermore, the high electrochemical behavior of the CV method was found to be 108 F/g, while for the gcd method, the specific capacitance was much higher at 148 F/g at a constant current density of 1.0 A/g. Further calculations found an energy density of 8.23 Wh/kg and a power density of 161 W/kg. These results support the optimization of 0.5 M ZnCl2 impregnated Etlingera elatior leaves as the base material for activated carbon electrodes to increase the supercapacitor capacitance.


2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 316-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Yong Guang Liu ◽  
Qing Qing Tian ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Ji Lin Cao

Li0.95Na0.05Ti2(PO4)3/C nanocomposite was prepared by sol-gel method.The structure and morphology of the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM which showed the particles had typical NASICON structure and diameter range from 400~500nm. The electrochemical performance were tested by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge–discharge. Results show Li0.95Na0.05Ti2(PO4)3/C nanocomposite exhibitsmuch better electrochemical performance than bare Li0.95Na0.05Ti2(PO4)3.


2017 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
pp. 698-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Wei Wang ◽  
Xiao Er Wang ◽  
Hui Chao Zhang ◽  
Qian Qian Zhu ◽  
Dong Li Zheng ◽  
...  

The structural and electrochemical properties of lanthanum manganate (LaMnO3) powder prepared by the sol-gel method are researched in this article. The powder calcined at 600 °C showed amorphous, and the powder calcined at 700-800 °C showed the pure phase of the LaMnO3. The grains with the size of about 80-120 nm were agglomerating together. Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge were used to characterize the electrochemical properties in alkaline environment. The electrochemical properties calcined at 700 °C showed a specific capacitance of 73 F/g at the current density of 0.5 A/g. The raw materials for preparing the LaMnO3 powder are cheap, and the operation method is simple.


2014 ◽  
Vol 1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teruaki Nomiyama ◽  
Kenta Sakamoto ◽  
Tomohito Yoshida ◽  
Akinori Kagiyama ◽  
Yuji Horie

ABSTRACTOne of promising photorechargeable electrode, which has two functions of photovoltaic and electrical energy storage, is a composite film of mesoporous TiO2 and conducting polymer polyaniline. Galvanostatic charge/discharge characteristics of the TiO2-polyaniline composite were examined to reveal how fast the film was charged. The film with a specific capacity 60-120 mAh g–1 was found to be fully charged at high charging rate 20 mA cm–2 which is comparable to high performance solar cells. Such high charging rate was achieved by the compact polyaniline layer covering the large specific surface area of mesoporous TiO2 film.


Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahaziel Villarreal ◽  
Roberto Orrostieta Chavez ◽  
Sujay A. Chopade ◽  
Timothy P. Lodge ◽  
Mataz Alcoutlabi

In the present work, the effect of temperature and additives on the ionic conductivity of mixed organic/ionic liquid electrolytes (MOILEs) was investigated by conducting galvanostatic charge/discharge and ionic conductivity experiments. The mixed electrolyte is based on the ionic liquid (IL) (EMI/TFSI/LiTFSI) and organic solvents EC/DMC (1:1 v/v). The effect of electrolyte type on the electrochemical performance of a LiCoO2 cathode and a SnO2/C composite anode in lithium anode (or cathode) half-cells was also investigated. The results demonstrated that the addition of 5 wt.% succinonitrile (SN) resulted in enhanced ionic conductivity of a 60% EMI-TFSI 40% EC/DMC MOILE from ~14 mS·cm−1 to ~26 mS·cm−1 at room temperature. Additionally, at a temperature of 100 °C, an increase in ionic conductivity from ~38 to ~69 mS·cm−1 was observed for the MOILE with 5 wt% SN. The improvement in the ionic conductivity is attributed to the high polarity of SN and its ability to dissolve various types of salts such as LiTFSI. The galvanostatic charge/discharge results showed that the LiCoO2 cathode with the MOILE (without SN) exhibited a 39% specific capacity loss at the 50th cycle while the LiCoO2 cathode in the MOILE with 5 wt.% SN showed a decrease in specific capacity of only 14%. The addition of 5 wt.% SN to the MOILE with a SnO2/C composite-fiber anode resulted in improved cycling performance and rate capability of the SnO2/C composite-membrane anode in lithium anode half-cells. Based on the results reported in this work, a new avenue and promising outcome for the future use of MOILEs with SN in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) can be opened.


2019 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Boichuk ◽  
Volodymyr Kotsyubynsky ◽  
Andrii Kachmar ◽  
Sergiy Budzulyak ◽  
Ivan Budzulyak ◽  
...  

The electrochemical properties of the nitrogen-enriched carbons obtained by plant raw treatment as electrode material for supercapacitors were investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cycling voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge cycling in KOH aqueous electrolyte. The effect of activation agent (NaOH) concentration and carbonization temperature were analyzed. The separation of double layer and redox capacitance components was done. The dominating role of microporosity for capacitive properties was demonstrated. The capacitance of model capacitors based on carbons obtained at different modes was calculated from both from cycling voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge data. The maximal values of specific capacitance of carbon materials carbonized at 600°C and 900°C are about 100 and 120 F/g, respectively.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
D.V. Silva ◽  
G.S. Galdino ◽  
Lusinete Pereira Barbosa ◽  
J.C.S. Casini ◽  
R.N. Faria

The effects of the separator thickness (δ) upon the equivalent series resistances (ESR) and specific capacitances (Cs) of supercapacitors electrodes have been investigated using commercially available porous filter paper (δ=150 μm, pores size=7.5 μm, 80 gm-2). Commercial activated carbon electrodes immersed in 1molL-1 KOH electrolyte (25°C) have been employed in this study. The specific capacitances were calculated from cyclic voltammetry curves at room temperature employing various scan rates (5, 10, 15 and 30 mVs-1). Internal series resistances of the supercapacitors were measured using the galvanostatic charge discharge curves also at room temperature. A maximum of 28 separators (δ=4200 μm) have been employed in this investigation. It has been shown that the ESR increases substantially with separator thickness (from 3.1 to 7.9 Ωcm2). The specific capacitance decreased somewhat with increasing separator thickness and scan rates (from 64 to 52 Fg-1; at 5 mVs-1). The microstructures of the electrode material have been investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and chemical microanalyses employing energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). A compositional and morphological evaluation of these electrodes showed a very homogeneous microstructure.


2010 ◽  
Vol 663-665 ◽  
pp. 568-571
Author(s):  
Ren Qing Wang ◽  
Qin Fang ◽  
Mei Gen Deng

Activated carbon was fabricated by using phenolic resin as carbon source, tween-80 as organic template, KOH as activator. The samples were analyzed by N2 adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge were used to characterize the electrochemical performance of the samples. The results showed that specific surface area of the prepared sample was 1935.99 m2/g, pore size was mainly in the range of 1.0~4.0 nm and showed typical capacitance characteristics in cyclic voltammetry. At a current density of 15mA/cm2, a specific capacitance of 246.18F/g was achieved and the resistance was 1.11Ω. Supercapacitors based on the sample had low ESR and excellent power property.


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