Preference of place of delivery and its determinants: a cross-sectional study in Chukha district, Bhutan

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Kencho Wangdi ◽  
Mongal S. Gurung ◽  
Dorji Pelzom ◽  
Tashi Dema ◽  
Sonam Wangdi
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
At Home

Introduction: The estimated global maternal deaths in 2013 was 289000. In Bhutan, Maternal Mortality Ratio has remarkably declined from 770 deaths per 100,000 live births in 1984 to 86 in 2012. However, the maternal mortality ratio still remains high and a high proportion of delivery still take place at homes (26%) despite of adopting 100%institutional delivery policy ever since 2005. This study was carried out to determine the important factors that prevent women from coming to the health facilities for safe delivery. Methods: A cross-sectional study among the women who delivered in Chukha District in 2013 was carried out after seeking ethical approval from Research Ethics Board of Health and World Health Organization. Chukha is a district with the second highest number of population in Bhutan where 55.7% of the people live in rural villages. Results: Out of 899 eligible listed women, 78.1% participated in the study and among the participants 11.5% had delivered at home. The number of home deliveries was higher in rural areas, 17.3%, as compared to urban places, 6.4%. Women who were delivering for third or more times are 2.42 times more likely to give birth at home compared to women who were delivering for the first time. Women residing at places more than three hours away from the health facility were 2.58 times more likely to give birth at home compared to women residing less than three hours away. During their last pregnancy, 99.4% of the participants have sought at least one ANC. Conclusions: This study suggests that the two most important factors associated with home delivery are the distance to health facility from their residences and the parity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of Maternal Mortality in Southeastern Iran (2013 - 2017): A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Ghasemi ◽  
Narjes Noori ◽  
Ghazaleh Parnian ◽  
Erfan Ayubi ◽  
Farangis Narouei
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Mortality Ratio ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Background: Recognizing the factors affecting maternal death can lead to the adoption of strategies to prevent similar deaths. Objectives: This study was performed to investigate the prevalence and causes of pregnant mothers' death in the population covered by Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study, the files of 126 pregnant mothers who died during 2013 - 2017 were evaluated. Demographic and obstetrics information and variables related to maternal mortality, such as maternal mortality ratio (MMR), the cause of mother’s death, the time of mother’s death, and place of death, were evaluated in general and separately in each city (i.e., Zahedan, Khash, Saravan, and Chabahar) based on descriptive statistics and according to the nature of the variables. Results: Maternal mortality ratio in Zahedan was 174.96 per 100,000 case, in Khash 190.56 per 100,000 cases, in Saravan 371.87 per 100,000 cases, and in Chabahar 384.03 per 100,000 cases. Bleeding was the most common cause of death (42.53%), 61.9% of pregnant women were living in rural areas, 80.2% died in the third trimester of pregnancy, and 42.9% died in first 24 hours after delivery. The most common underlying disease was hypertension, 70.6% of mothers died in hospitals, and 47.6% were illiterate. The most common cause of maternal death in Zahedan was cardiac disease, in Khash it was hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome, eclampsia, and preeclampsia, and in Saravan and Chabahar the leading cause was bleeding. Conclusions: Maternal mortality ratio was high in Sistan and Baluchestan. The investigation of the causes of maternal deaths showed that some of these deaths are avoidable. It is also necessary to improve midwifery emergencies management with intensive monthly courses to increase team capabilities for making the best use of golden time measures.

scholarly journals Factors associated with maternal near-miss at public hospitals of South-East Ethiopia: An institutional-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 174550652110606
Author(s):  
Ashenafi Mekonnen ◽  
Genet Fikadu ◽  
Kenbon Seyoum ◽  
Gemechu Ganfure ◽  
Sisay Degno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Near Miss ◽  
Early Marriage ◽  
Maternal Near Miss ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Maternal near-miss precedes maternal mortality, and women are still alive indicating that the numbers of near-misses occur more often than maternal mortality. This study aims to assess the prevalence of maternal near-miss and associated factors at public hospitals of Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: Facility-based cross-sectional study design was carried out from 1 October 2018 to 28 February 2019, among 300 women admitted to maternity wards. A structured questionnaire and checklist were used to collect data. Epi-info for data entry and statistical package for social science for analysis were used. The descriptive findings were summarized using tables and text. Adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 were used to examine the association between the independent and dependent variables. Result: The prevalence of maternal near-miss in our study area was 28.7%. Age < 20 years, age at first marriage < 20 years, husbands with primary education, and being from rural areas are factors significantly associated with the prevalence of maternal near-miss. The zonal health department in collaboration with the education department and justice office has to mitigate early marriage by educating the community about the impacts of early marriage on health.

scholarly journals Factors associated with health facility delivery in Kitui County: a cross sectional study

F1000Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Mathew Munyamaara Mutiiria ◽  
Gabriel Gatimu Mbugua ◽  
Doris Marwanga
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Facility Delivery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Health Facility Delivery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Background: High maternal mortality rate is a major public health concern in developing countries.  Skilled birth delivery is central to reducing maternal mortality, yet health facility delivery remains low in Kitui County, Kenya. Our study estimated prevalence of unskilled delivery and identified factors associated with health facility delivery in Kitui County. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted December 2017-February 2018. 245 women from five administrative wards were interviewed. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Variables that had p value ≤0.05 in bivariate analysis were included in multivariable regression model to assess for confounders. Variables with a p value of ≤0.05 in multivariate analysis were considered statistically significant at 95% CI.  Results: We interviewed 245 (240 analyzed) women from the five wards; the majority were 16-25 years age group (45.5%; 110/240).  Mean age was 27±6.6 years. Prevalence of health facility delivery was 50.4%. Distance from a health facility, number of children in a household, occupation of the respondent’s partner, number of antenatal clinic (ANC) visits and means of transport were significant factors for not delivering in a health facility. On multivariate analysis, women who lived >5km from health facility were less likely to deliver in a health facility (AOR =0.36; 95% CI 0.15- 0.86). Women who attended ≥ 4 ANC visits were 4 times more likely to deliver in a health facility (95% CI 2.01-8.79). Conclusions: More than half of the respondents delivered in a health facility. A long distance from the health facility is a hindrance to accessing ANC services. Inadequate ANC visits was associated with home delivery. Improving accessibility of health care services and health education on family planning would increase delivery at a health facility. We recommend Kitui County introduce five satellite clinics/ambulatory services for expectant women to access ANC and maternal services.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting Home Delivery among Women Living in Remote Areas of Rural Zambia: A Cross-Sectional, Mixed-Methods Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Ireen Chola Mwape Musonda
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Home Delivery ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Home Deliveries ◽  
At Home

Luapula Province has the highest maternal mortality and one of the lowest facility-based births in Zambia. The distance to facilities limits facility-based births for women in rural areas. In 2013, the government incorporated maternity homes into the health system at the community level to increase facility-based births and reduce maternal mortality. Despite the policy to stopping traditional birth attendants from conducting deliveries at home and encouraging all women to give birth at the health facility under skilled care, many women still give birth at home. An exploratory cross section survey was used to gather data by conducting structured interviews with 50 women of childbearing age who had a recent or previous home delivery. The following factors were found to be associated with home deliveries in surrounding villages in kashikishi; abrupt onset/precipitate labor, long distance/transport difficulties to reach the nearest health facility, having had successful HD, poverty/low income and gender though having a small percentage. Parity in which the majority were multiparas’ women, attitude was also associated with home deliveries and other unforeseen circumstances such as a funeral and being alone at home at the onset of labour.

Knowledge and practices regarding hand-washing among mothers of children less than five years of age in rural areas of District Sialkot

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Sonia Almas ◽  
Ayesha Babar Kawish ◽  
Tahir Mehmood Butt ◽  
Subhana Akber Khan
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Abstract Objective: To assess knowledge and practices regarding hand-washing among mothers of children aged ?5 years. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from March to July 2015 in rural areas of Union Council Charwa, Tehsil Pasrur in District Sialkot, Pakistan, and comprised mothers of children aged ?5 years. Data was collected using a pre-tested and validated structured questionnaire developed in line with World health Organisation guidelines on hand-washing technique. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. Results: Of the 422 subjects, 319 (75.4%) had sufficient knowledge and 104 (24.6%) showed good practices regarding hand-washing. However, only 59 (14%) mothers were found adherent to the appropriate technique of hand-washing. Conclusion: Health education and behaviour-changing communication approaches must be implemented to educate the masses about proper hand-washing technique. Key Words: Knowledge, Practices, Hand-washing, Mothers, Health education, Pakistan.

scholarly journals A temporal analysis of maternal deaths in some selected health facilities in Zamfara State, Northwest Nigeria: How far were United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDG) 5 achieved?

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullahi Mohammed Maiwada ◽  
Nor Azlina A Rahman ◽  
Suzanah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Nik Mazlan Mamat ◽  
Tukur A Baba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Health Facility ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Introduction: The steady increase in maternal deaths in Nigeria is a serious source of concern to policy makers and key stakeholders as one of the major threats to the achievement of the MDGs. Nigeria is reported to have one of the highest maternal mortality ratios in the world. This study was aimed at examining the challenges confronting the achievement of the MDGs Goals 5 in Zamfara State northwest Nigeria in terms of maternal mortality ratio, causes and frequency of antenatal visits. Methods: Health facility based approach and statistics were used in assessing maternal mortality ratio. Data was collected from health facility records and folders of patients who lost their lives due to pregnancy and childbirth related illnesses in some selected health facilities in Zamfara State from 2011- 2015. Results: The results showed the highest maternal deaths are in the rural areas 5120/100,000 as compared to 750/100,000 urban health facilities. Haemorrhage was the leading medical cause of maternal death. Others include sepsis, eclampsia, sickle cell anaemia, obstructed labour and abortion. However, there was a significant increase in the number of antenatal care visits from 7.20% to 30.93% within the last five years. However, the maternal mortality rate has increased, though not stable from 735/100,000 in 2011 to 1248/100,000 in 2013 and 930/100,000 in mid-2015. Conclusions: There was an increase in maternal deaths in rural compared to urban areas health clinics despite increased in the attendance of ante natal care visits thus the 5th Millennium Development Goal in Zamfara State not achieved.

scholarly journals Maternal Mortality in an Iraqi Tertiary Hospital: Lessons From the Years of the Crisis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-367
Author(s):  
Reshed Zeki Obeid ◽  
Dina Akeel Salman ◽  
Zainab Abdul Ameer Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Objectives: Maternal mortality is a crucial indicator of health care provision within a nation, particularly during the periods of instability. This study aimed to assess the maternal mortality ratio in one of the largest hospitals in Baghdad over eight years including the time of the threat of the so-called Islamic State of Syria and Iraq. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken by reviewing the records of mothers who passed away in the hospital from February 2011 to February 2018. The gathered data included the patients’ demographic features as well as obstetrical and medical conditions and causes of death each year. Results: During the eight years, the total live births numbered 95 800 while 52 mothers died for a maternal mortality ratio of 58.12 per 105 . Most of the deceased mothers aged between 30 and 39 years (P = 0.0015), were multiparous and from rural residence (P = 0.000), booked no antenatal care (P = 0.0014), and completed delivery via a cesarean section (P = 0.0184). The majority died in the postpartum period (P = 0.000) within the first 12 hours of admission (P = 0.000). Finally, the major presentation and cause of death were often obstetrical hemorrhage. Conclusions: The maternal mortality was high and obstetrical hemorrhage was the main cause of death. In addition, the majority of patients died within the first 12 hours of admission, which is attributed to delays in access to the hospital and the lack of needed facilities during that critical period of time.

PENGARUH MOBILISASI DINI TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA POST OPERASI SECTIO CAESARIA DI RS SYAFIRA PEKANBARU TAHUN 2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
WIWIEK DELVIRA ◽  
FATMI AGUS
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Mortality Ratio ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectio Caesarea ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality Ratio

Maternal mortality used as a measure of success towards achieving the MDG's targets, namely the 75% reduction in maternal mortality ratio. In developing countries the frequency of maternal deaths reported to range between 0.3-0.7%, while in developed countries the figure is smaller, which 0.05-0.1% (Widjanarko, 2008). In accordance with the health paradigm without abandoning efforts to restore the health of patients, the need for early mobilization gradually for sectio caesarea postoperative patients while in hospital. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of early mobilization on wound healing post sectio caesarea in RS Syafira Pekanbaru. The benefits of this research are as fulfilling the Minimum Service Standards (MSS) for the hospital that can be used as eviden based practice in the provision of nursing services independently. This study was conducted in inpatient obstetric in RS Syafira Pekanbaru on October-November 2015 with a sample of 20 respondents. The research methodology used is the cross-sectional study design. Analysis of the data used in the analysis of univariate and bivariate (t test dependent), the data were processed using a computerized program. The results obtained from this research that the influence of early mobilization with postoperative wound healing secsio Caesaria with P value (0.007).

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Study to Evaluate Causes of Maternal Mortality in Rural Areas of Punjab, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarbhjit Kaur ◽  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Manjit Kaur Mohi ◽  
Manjeet Kaur ◽  
Neeraj Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Maternal Death ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Socio Economic Status

Introduction: Maternal mortality is an index of reproductive health of the society. In India illiteracy, late referrals, low socio-economic status of the community and direct causes are responsible for high incidence of maternal deaths which contributes to one-fifth of the global burden. Aim: To evaluate the causes of maternal death in rural areas of Punjab. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 districts of Punjab, India chosen from five different zones i.e., east, west, north, south and central zone for a period of one year from 2016 to 2017. Information of all the deaths was taken from the civil surgeon office of the chosen district and then data of maternal deaths occurring within 42 days of delivery was collected by visiting patient’s residence and verbal autopsy was conducted. The data was collected and entered in predesigned proforma and percentages were calculated in Microsoft Excel version 2016. Results: A total of 67 maternal deaths were noted from above five zones, out of total rural population of 94,59,553. Maximum (n=51) maternal deaths were between age range of 20-30 years. Of these 67, majority 29 (43.28%) were illiterate, 66 (98.5%) women belonged to middle and low socio-economic status, 55 (82.1%) deaths occurred in the postnatal period, 33 (49.25%) occurred at more than 37 weeks period of gestation and 51 (76.12%) were due to direct causes. Out of 67 deaths, haemorrhage (n=29) was the most common cause. Anaemia contributed to 16.7% (11) as an indirect cause of maternal death. Conclusion: The maximum maternal deaths were contributed by illiterate women from middle and low socio-economic status. The most common cause was postpartum haemorrhage followed by pre-eclampsia/eclampsia.

scholarly journals High Rates of Undiagnosed and Uncontrolled Hypertension Upon a Screening Campaign in Rural Rwanda: a Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evariste Ntaganda ◽  
Regine Mugeni ◽  
Emmanuel Harerimana ◽  
Gedeon Ngoga ◽  
Symaque Dusabeyezu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Uncontrolled Hypertension ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cvd Prevention

Abstract Background: Hypertension remains the major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) worldwide with a prevalence and mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) among the highest. The early detection of hypertension risk factors is a crucial pillar for CVD prevention. Design and method: This cross-sectional study included 4284 subjects, mean age 46±16SD, 56.4% females and mean BMI 26.6±3.7 SD. Data were collected through a screening campaign in rural area of Kirehe District, Eastern of Rwanda, with the objective to characterize and examine the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (BP) and other CVD risk factors. An adapted tool from the World Health Organization STEPwise Approach was used for data collection. Elevated BP was defined as ≥140/90 mm/Hg and elevated blood glucose as blood glucose ≥100 mg/dl after a six-hours fast. Results: Of the sampled population, 21.2% (n=910) had an elevated BP at screening; BP was elevated among individuals not previously known to have HTN in 18.7% (n=752). Among individuals with a prior diagnosis of HTN, 62.2% (n=158 of 254) BP was uncontrolled. Age, weight, smoking, alcohol history and waist circumference were associated with BP in both univariate analyses and multivariate analysis. Conclusion: High rates of elevated BP identified through a health screening campaign in this Rwandan district were surprising given the rural characteristics of the district and relatively low population age. These data highlight the need to implement an adequate strategy for the prevention, diagnosis, and control of HTN that includes rural areas of Rwanda as part of a multicomponent strategy for CVD prevention.

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