The article is devoted to the analysis of the rating assessment of the activity of a primary school student. The article analyzes modern systems for assessing the student's educational activity, identifies the advantages and disadvantages of the five-point control system. The transition from an evaluation-free system to an evaluation system is described in detail. The rating assessment technology was tested in a number of schools in Ulyanovsk (8 schools) and in the Ulyanovsk region (4 schools). The schoolchildren participating in the experiment were trained in classes of the same age, but according to different educational and methodological complexes. The breadth of the experimental base helped to test the effectiveness of our chosen approach to assessing primary school students. In addition, a survey was conducted of 20 primary school teachers regarding their viewpoint to the assessment system. Based on the survey, the authors revealed characteristic features of the rating control system and described in detail its advantages and disadvantages, as well as the prospects for use in primary grades. A pedagogical experiment has shown that the use of a rating assessment reduces psychological stress before assessment, which contributes to a more successful assimilation of curricula by students, an increase in the level of their knowledge, abilities and skills. The use of a rating assessment develops the logical creativity, thinking of the child, increases his interest in learning, and contributes to the development of his outlook. In addition to the obvious advantages, the rating control system has disadvantages. The survey participants emphasized that the shortcomings of the rating system for assessing the learning activity of primary school students are the lack of didactic material, as well as low stimulation of active learning activity throughout the school time. To overcome this shortcoming of the rating control system, it is advisable to use, together with rating assessment, personal-comparative pre-rating, aimed at fixing the dynamics of the student's personal development. In addition, the article discusses the features of the application of the rating assessment technology in the conditions of level differentiation and blended learning of younger students.