Interdisciplinary approach to research methods in educational theory

he article presents an interdisciplinary view of research methods in the theory of education. The development of issues in the theory of education presupposes a clear organization of research activities, in which a key role is played by rethinking and adequate using of research methods from related sciences (psychology, sociology, physiology, cultural studies, and others). Modern theory and practice of education are changing as a result of the integration of knowledge of related humanities. More and more complex and complex problems arise. All in all it necessitates rethinking the methodology of the theory of education. Currently, it is necessary to conduct research activities at the intersection of sciences, which improves the quality of research and allows more holistic use of the results obtained in practice. The article reveals significant principles that determine the methodology of the modern theory of upbringing - the principle of humanitarianism and social expediency of the upbringing process, the principle of the unity of the theory and practice of upbringing, the principle of development, the principle of consistency and determination. Authors highlight the significant interdisciplinary scientific approaches that are relevant to substantiate research methods in the modern theory of education. The basis for the selection of methods was grounded by such disciplines that allow us to consider various aspects of the educational activities of a teacher, enrich the researcher with scientific information about a person and the mechanisms of his personal dynamics (existential philosophy), about the creation of a flexible, open dialogue space in which zones of self-organization of children are provided (synergetics), on the art of deciphering verbal and non-verbal signs of a child (semiotics), on the awareness of the child's path as reaching the heights through difficulties and overcoming (acmeology), on understanding the child through comprehending the meanings of children's behavior (hermeneutics), on the interpretation of the personality as an integral open multilevel developing system capable of withstanding external influences (humanistic psychology). In conclusion, the authors note the importance of a new pedagogical direction - semantic pedagogy, which can be considered as the basis for the integration of humanitarian knowledge, which is essential for modern theory.

Interactive teaching methods for primery school: the algorithm for designing interactive activities.

The article describes the results of the development and testing of an algorithm for designing interactive activities for primary school. The algorithm is developed taking into account the characteristics of modern primary school students, examining different interpretations of the concept «interactive» in different spheres of human life and fields of study (such as linguistics, sociology, psychology, pedagogy) and considering the problem of using the term «interactive» in the modern education system. The algorithm for designing interactive activities includes six sequential steps: to select the content; to choose a type of group for the activity; to create the activity in which each student will personally participate; to think over different options to provide choice for students; to select the technical means; to set a time limit. Each action of the algorithm is depicted from the perspective of a primary school teacher. The survey of the teachers found significant changes in teachers’ perceptions of the term «interactive», in their understanding of distinctive features of the interactive activities and difficulties to create suitable interactive activities. It is noted the importance of continuing research in the aspect of the influence of interactive activities on the educational achievements of primary school students (including the development of functional literacy). The article was prepared with the financial support of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation within the framework of the research project «The development of functional literacy among primary school students in the implementation of educational programs».

Methods of pedagogical support for foreing students: social formation of students and formation tolerance.

The article examines some aspects of the socialization of foreign students in the Russian education. In particular, the transformation of foreign students' perception of the culture of Russia from a state of culture shock to “entering” the Russian-speaking society is seen not so much as a process, but as a significant result of using a set of methods of pedagogical support of social formation. The methods of pedagogical support in the social formation of foreign students are understood as a set of pedagogical practices based on the joint activities of the teacher and students. In the process of these avtivities they identify and content the key points of the individual trajectory of the social formation of students in relation to the study and perception of the Russian culture. The article highlights the following methods of pedagogical support of social development: cultural immersion, empathy, building an individual trajectory. The concept of "the key point of the individual trajectory of social formation" is interpreted as a situation of choice, awareness of the significance and value of this or that knowledge, skill, action on their basis. It is noted that pedagogical support from a teacher involves subject-subject interaction, understanding, motivation and support of students in the educational process, the ability of a more experienced person to correlate his opinion with another and to respect the opinion of a less experienced student.

Creativity from perspective of axiology

Interest in creativity as a subject of research has been growing exponentially since the second half of the 20th century in all areas of human history. A wide range of both domestic and foreign studies allows authors to assert that creativity is a personality trait, inherent to one degree or another. Whereas the development of such trait becomes an urgent necessity in the new reality. The entire evolutionary process of the social development illustrates its dependence on personal and collective creativity. The aim of this research is to study the phenomenon of creativity through the perspective of axiology, i.e. the science of values. Axiology allows us to consider the realities of the modern world from the perspective of not only external factors, circumstances and situations, but also of deep value foundations. Creativity has been studied quite deeply from the point of view of psychology: the special characteristics of a creative person, stages of the creative process, the relationship between creative and critical thinking, creativity and intelligence. Some psychologists emphasize motivation, creative skills, interdisciplinary knowledge, and the creative environment as the main components that contribute to the development of creativity. The authors of the article argue that values and value orientations towards cognition, creativity, self-realization and self-expression are the drivers of creativity. In a broad sense, values as a matrix of culture determine the attitude of society to creativity, to the development of creativity of the individual and the creative class, and to how economically successful a given society will be. Since innovation and entrepreneurship are embodied creativity. Thus, the study of creativity from the perspective of axiology combines the need for a deep study of this phenomenon and the subjective significance of creativity in the context of new realities

Analysis and modeling of the learning process for digital competencies

The article presents the results of a study of the level of digital literacy of the population and student satisfaction when using digital distance educational forms. The authors consider the features of organizing educational environment and present the use of the club system for teaching the population to digital competencies. The article proposes a model for forming digital competencies, taking into account the minimization of training time to achieve an individual set of required competencies. The results of approbation of he club format and model for teaching digital competencies to the population are presented on the example of the work of the "Digital Family".

Geograhpical mistakes: types and reasons, ways and processes

This article examines the features of making geographical mistakes in the contexts of school education, preparation and passing the Unified State Exam. The relevance of the research is determined by the necessity to analyze the mistakes made by school graduates at the Unified State Exam (USE) in geography, in order to provide additional educational material for geography school teachers and eliminate gaps in the knowledge, skills and abilities of schoolchildren. Besides analyzing such mistakes the research was aimed at considering the geographical mistakes made by schoolchildren, as well as reasons for them and ways of elimination. The following principal research methods were used to achieve this aim: theoretical analysis of geographical, psychological and pedagogical literature on the problem under study, statistical, and pedagogical analyses. The authors have highlighted common types of geographical mistakes. All the recurrent mistakes made by schoolchildren at the exam can be divided into four groups associated with: work on cartographic material, misunderstanding of cause-and-effect relationships, misformulated conclusion or incorrect analysis, and incorrect spelling or pronunciation of the names of geographical objects. The following conclusions on the reasons of geographical errors were made: low demand for the 6-8 grades educational material in senior grades; lack of knowledge of geographical terms; misunderstanding of the role of geographical location for the development of the territory; the laws of development of nature and social economic processes and phenomena. The results obtained have certain significance for both future graduates planning to take the Unified State Exam and considering field of geography as their future profession, and geography teachers in comprehensive schools.

System of forming information and legal worlview of the cadets in a military university

The article designs the system to form informational and legal worldview of cadets of the institutes of the National Guard of the Russian Federation (those who are trained in specialty 40.05.01. "Legal support of national security"). The main principles of the designed system are: protopostulates (they form the basis of the hierarchy of the main provisions of the designed system and represent those principles of philosophy that determine and control the course of research in pedagogical science); metapostulates (represent supportive assumptions for educational science); postulates (set the structure of the subject of study and the rules that must be followed in the process of solving the problem). As one of the main postulates of the system, the authors give the provision on the presence of two levels of information and legal worldview. The informational and legal worldview of the first level is interpreted as a subspecies of the professional worldview, and the informational and legal worldview of the second level is interpreted as a subspecies of the professional worldview. The implementation of the system is carried out on the basis of the application of the cognitive-evolutionary approach. The cognitive-evolutionary approach used in pedagogical research for the first time and it is based on the use of the cognitive-evolutionary theory of Piaget in the educational process of a military university. An example of the practical implementation of the system for the formation of an informational and legal worldview when conducting legal cycle lessons for cadets of higher educational institutions of the Russian National Guard troops is given. A feature of the described pedagogical experiment is the use of a cognitive-evolutionary approach in the educational process of a military university, based on the use of scaffolding technology. The application of scaffolding technology is carried out in an organic unity with the case method. The use of the case method, on the one hand, is a reflection of the currently actively developing plot-game paradigm related to topical problems of general and applied ontology, and on the other hand, it organically combines with the idea of identifying three phases in the process of forming an information and legal worldview - phase of prevailing accommodation, phase of choice of a mixed adaptive strategy and phase of prevailing assimilation.

. Learning analytics technology in adaptive electronic learning environments.

Adaptive e-learning environments are based on diversifying the presentation of content according to the learning styles of each learner, where the content is presented as if it is directed to each student separately, and activities and tests are presented so that they are sensitive to the different styles of learners and suitable for their mental abilities. These environments depend in their design on intelligence, therefore, these environments can analyze the characteristics and capabilities of learners, each separately, and this is done through learning analytics technology that helps in the rapid identification of the patterns of learners and the development of their behavior within the environment. In this article, firstly we review what adaptive learning environments and its characteristics are; the difference between adaptable and adaptive environments; components of adaptive learning environments. Learning analytics technology is also highlighted; and its importance in adaptive e-learning environments.

Life priorities of modern senior pupils.

Today we acknowledge the requirement for scientific theory of youth self- determination, taking into account the development trends of Russian society and changes in the value consciousness of student youth. The problem of life goals and priorities choice in the process of youth self-determination is recognized as the most important and complex. The authors consider life priorities as phenomena, facts and actions, which a person prefers in a choice situation. The goal of research is to reveal the priorities in different groups of needs satisfying and their interconnection with life satisfaction and basic believes. The research is based on the leading positions of the axiological and personal-activity approaches. The authors use a complex of diagnostic methods and techniques to reveal the priority needs, basic believes and person life satisfaction. The study includes 100 senior schools pupils of Krasnodar Region and Republic of Bashkortostan. Results. The research revealed priority needs (in accordance with A. Maslow pyramid) that meet active and passive positions of schoolboys and girls. It as well established the relationship of life satisfaction indicators, basic believes and their corresponding needs together with its correlation analysis. The internal mechanisms of school youth life prioritization were also revealed. The conclusions about the necessity to create conditions for actualization and realization of needs that correspond to active life position were made. The results of this study determine the directions of further researches of psychological and pedagogical conditions of school youth life prospects building and life prioritizing.