scholarly journals A Visual Scan Analysis Protocol for Postural Assessment at School in Young Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E. Alves ◽  
Daniel A. Marinho ◽  
Duarte N. Carneiro ◽  
Jorge Alves ◽  
Pedro Forte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
School Context ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Perfect Agreement ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test

The aim of this study was to compare the X-ray diagnosis with a non-invasive method for spine alignment assessment adopting a visual scan analysis with a plumb line and simetograph in middle-school students. The sample of this study was composed of 31 males and 50 females with an average age of 14.23 (± 3.11) years. The visual scan analysis was assessed at a school; whereas, the X-ray was performed in a hospital. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to assess the differences between methods and scoliosis classifications (non-accentuated <10º and scoliosis >10º), and the Kappa was used to assess the agreement between methods. The comparisons between the methods revealed non-significant differences (z = −0.577; p = 0.564), with almost perfect agreement between tests (K = 0.821; p < 0.001). Moreover, no statistical significance was observed between methods by the scoliosis classification (z = −1.000; p = 0.317), with almost perfect agreement between tests (K = 0.888; p < 0.001). This research supports the conclusion that there are no significant differences between the two methods. Therefore, it should be highlighted that this field test should be used by physical education teachers in their classes, or in a school context, in order to determine misalignments or scoliosis prevalence among middle-school students.

scholarly journals Promotion of Elementary School Students’ Health Literacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9560
Author(s):  
Elke Knisel ◽  
Helge Rupprich ◽  
Annika Wunram ◽  
Markus Bremer ◽  
Christiane Desaive
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Knowledge ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Health literacy is an important outcome of the discussion of school-related health education and health promotion in the 21st century. Although the improvement of health literacy at an early age is increasingly recognized and few interventions show the development of children´s health literacy, still there is little research in this area. The purpose of the study was to examine the enhancement of health literacy among children in a physical activity-based program at elementary school. In total, 137 students aged 6–12 years participated in the program, which included health knowledge transfer in child-appropriate games and exercises. Participants´ health literacy was assessed using the HLS-Child-Q15-DE at the beginning and the end of the program. The instrument measures the access, understanding, appraisal and application of health-related information on a four-point Likert-type scale. As expected, the Wilcoxon signed-rank test revealed significant increases in self-reported health literacy over time. The results show that the degree of change in health literacy was not associated with gender or age. The results suggest that the physical activity-based program has the potential to improve elementary school children´s health literacy, even though in a single group pilot study.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Token Economy to Reduce Truant Behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Samurya Rahmadhony
Keyword(s):  
Visual Analysis ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
5Th Grade

Truant is a behavior caused by a lack of control of behavior. Token economy is a form of positive renforcement where the subject receives a token when they exhibit the desired behavior. Data analysis was carried out in three stages, namely visual analysis, different tests using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test and calculating the effest size. Token economy interventions effectively reduce truant behavior in 5th grade elementary school students who have lived in class.

Drawing out understanding

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-209
Author(s):  
Jennifer Eiserman ◽  
Heather Lai ◽  
Chelsea Rushton
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Personality Development ◽  
School Context ◽  
Gifted Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Positive Disintegration ◽  
Gifted Middle School Students

Dabrowski recognized that the creative process is important in the personality development of the gifted and talented. Given the intrinsically creative nature of learning in an arts- infused context, we hypothesize that interdisciplinary approaches to curriculum address the unique needs of the gifted. First, we will summarize Dabrowski’s theory of positive disintegration, providing a theoretical context to discuss an ongoing research project that engages gifted students in arts-based learning. We then briefly describe the implications of positive disintegration in the middle school context, and how art education can support this process. Finally, we describe how two arts integrated projects addressed the process of positive disintegration. In 2013, University of Calgary students in ART 307, “Applied concepts in art with children ages 6-12,” worked with gifted middle school students on an integrated art–social studies–science project called “When Fisher went to Skyland.” In this project, one class of Grade 6 students explored Iroquois culture and sky science through printmaking. In 2014, four classes of Grade 5 students worked with ART 307 students to enhance their understanding of electricity and magnetism through explorations using theatre games, creative movement and animation. We suggest that engaging gifted middle school students in the arts can be a means to facilitate alternative learning methodologies in all subject areas, and provide necessary support in personality development.

scholarly journals Perception of middle school students on mathematics

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
R. B. Bispo ◽  
L. C. Macarello
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Middle School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
School Context ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
School Students ◽  
Learning Content ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The City

This work aimed to evaluate the perception of high school students about the importance of mathematics as well as analyze the teaching methodology that they play to be more efficient in the process of teaching learning. The research was carried out in the month of March 2019, at the Escola Estadual João Paulo I - Escola Plena, in the city of Paranaíta, MT, through the application of a questionnaire with 1st, 2nd and 3rd year high school students. 111 interviewed. The questions were about taste for math discipline, ease of learning content, how differentiated classes help in learning, what resources aid most in learning, whether discipline is important, and how it can help students change their Living conditions. We can conclude that the high school students of E. E. João Paul I like math and recognize their importance both for day-to-day use and for the future. Although students have preferences for classes outside the school context, they are aware that the theory is also important for their learning.

Tests for Probability of A Reaction and Difference Between Reactions Where Treatment Increases Marker-Values of Particular Subjects but Decreases Others

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torao Ishida ◽  
Ken Takagi ◽  
Gui-feng Wang ◽  
Nobuyuki Tanahashi ◽  
Jun Kawanokuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
T Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Combination Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Cd4 Counts ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
The Difference

Abstract PD-1 has a role in regulating the response of the immune system to the cells of the human body. Paris et al. reported that combination antiretroviral therapy did not change % CD4+ of PD-1highCTLA-4lowCD127high early/intermediated T cells of human immunodeficiency virus infected patients but increased the percent of the marker limited to initial CD4 counts <200 with Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We hypothesized that the treatment increased the marker value in patients whose initial marker value is less than a particular value and decreased the marker value in other patients and that the test misleadingly concluded that the treatment did not change the marker value. General subgroup analyses correctly estimate the statistical significance of such a reaction or difference between such reactions only when the reaction of both of subgroups or both difference between such subgroups is statistically significant. We propose Ishida’ t-test for paired samples that can correctly judge the probability without division of the group into subgroups, and Ishida’ t-test for unpaired samples that can correctly judge the statistical significance of the difference between such reactions. We also showed that many treatments cause such increase and decrease of marker values relating PD-1 of subjects.

scholarly journals Determinants of Salary Expectations – A Survey of Accounting and Controlling Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (37) ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Bartosz Kurek ◽  
Ireneusz Górowski
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Salary Expectations

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the paper is to identify and quantify selected salary expectations determinants (including gender) of Accounting and Controlling students at Cracow University of Economics. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: We conduct a survey of expected salaries among students . We use Shapiro-Wilk W test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test for initial analysis. We then build econometric linear models in which salary expectations are dependent variables, whereas GPA, holding a foreign language certificate, gender and age are independent variables. We estimate these models by OLS. We use Huber/White robust standard errors to assess statistical significance of each parameter. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: Graduates of accounting pro­grammes are sought at the labour market. For cognitive purposes and edu­cational policy implications it is of utmost importance to understand which observable factors differentiate students in their salaries’ expectations. RESEARCH RESULTS: We find a number of variables that are statistically significant and associated with the expected salary. Higher salaries for graduates of Accounting and Controlling major are expected by: students with lower GPA, holders of a foreign language certificate, male students, younger students. On the contrary, lower salaries are expected by students with higher GPA, students who do not hold a foreign language certificate, female students, older students. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Students differ among themselves – thus we observe various salary expectations. Nonetheless, some of the obtained results are puzzling. We find that female stu­dents demand lower salaries. Similarly it is surprising that students with lower GPA expect higher salaries. As a result, we recommend to further investigate determinants of salary expectations.

scholarly journals Program Pendidikan Personal Safety untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Annisya Sekar Suryati ◽  
Lucia R.M. Royanto
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Safety Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test ◽  
Signed Rank Test

Awareness of personal safety for elementary school students in rapid information development is now very important. This study aims to increase student’s awareness by improving their knowledge about personal safety consisting of sexual education and security in using the internet, by giving psychoeducation. The subjects in this study 54 students in a Elementary School in South Jakarta which choosen by purposive sampling method.  Data obtained from pre and posttest were processed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test indicated that there was a change in awareness, and it can be seen from the improvement of their knowledge (P<.05). Based on this result, a systematic and tiered personal safety education is suggested to be introduced at every level of school.Keywords: Personal safety, sex education, internet use, psychoeducationAbstrak: Kesadaran akan personal safety atau keselamatan diri bagi siswa sekolah dasar di tengah perkembangan informasi yang pesat saat ini menjadi hal yang amat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kesadaran siswa melalui pemberian pengetahuan melalui psikoedukasi mengenai personal safety yang terdiri dari pendidikan seksual dan keamanan dalam menggunakan internet. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 5 di salah satu SD swasta di Jakarta Selatan yang berjumlah 54 siswa yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa data yang didapatkan dari pretest dan posttest diolah menggunakan Uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test memiliki indikasi bahwa terdapat perubahan kesadaran yang terlihat dari pengetahuan yang berbeda secara signifikan (P<.05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, pendidikan personal safety yang sistematis dan berjenjang diharapkan dapat diterapkan pada setiap jenjang sekolah secara sistematis.

scholarly journals Learning Experiences and Scholastic Achievement of School Students in Mathematics – Role of Intervention

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkateshwar Rao D ◽  
Beena C
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Intelligences ◽  
Learning Experiences ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Scholastic Achievement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test

The present study examined the influence of intervention incorporating multiple intelligences on learning experiences and scholastic achievement of secondary school students. Data was collected from 208 students of 6th grade by following two stage sampling technique. Data was subjected to statistical analysis using chi-square, ‘t’ test and wilcoxon signed rank test. It was observed that in class rooms in which teacher incorporates multiple intelligences in teaching practices the students showed more interest in mathematics and also showed higher scholastic achievement. It has been recommended to follow the same teaching approach to generate interest among students in mathematics.

scholarly journals Ketertarikan dan Persepsi Mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis untuk Bekerja di Usaha Kecil Menengah

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Etni Marliana
Keyword(s):  
Business School ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
School Students ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Large Enterprises

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) has exceptionally important role in Indonesian economic development. However, SMEs is facing some challenges due to lack of qualified human resources to work in this sector. This research is designed to identify the perception of business school students in working with SMEs. Futhermore, it also shows how SMEs is perceived to offer the job factors that are important for the students to dertermine a job. The sampling method used was purposive sampling method. The data were collected by primary data collection through questionnaires. Data analysis was performed with Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The result showed that business school students are less attracted to work with SMEs compare to large enterprises. Furthermore, students perceive that SMEs are better than large enterprises only interms of quality and managerial relationship, authority, and involvement in decision making. It is also perceived by the students that compare to large enterprise SMEs offer less job factors that are viewed to be important to determine a job.

scholarly journals Hematological variability analysis after road marathon vs ultratrail

Kinesiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
María Desamparados Bernat-Adell ◽  
Rania Achouak Hafsi ◽  
Pablo-Salas Medina ◽  
Ana Folch-Ayora ◽  
Carlos Hernando-Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hematological Parameters ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression ◽  
Marathon Runners ◽  
Variability Analysis ◽  
Signed Rank ◽  
Signed Rank Test ◽  
Hematological Values

The practice of long- and medium-distance races has exponentially increased the number of participants in recent years. They are carried out under extreme conditions that cause both biochemical and anthropometric changes in athletes and, in addition, have serious risks associated, such as dehydration, thermal disorders, or hypoglycemia. Knowledge regarding alterations at hematological level after this type of effort is limited. The objectives of this pre-post analytical descriptive observational study were: to describe and compare hematological values in amateur runners pre and post road marathon and ultratrail races, and to compare the hematological parameters between the groups in the two times analyzed by means of univariate descriptive statistical analyses, intra-group pre-post comparisons (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test), and comparisons between the groups (Mann-Whitney U Test). Effect size was calculated using Cohen’s D. An explanatory model (Multiple Logistic Regression) was created. Statistical significance was set at p&lt;.05. The Wilcoxon test for marathon runners observed significant differences (p≤.001) in the white series. In ultratrail runners, the results were similar, with significant differences (p≤.001) in the platelet series. The Mann-Whitney U test showed the same pre-race hematological conditions for both groups, except for hematocrit and corpuscular values (p≤.001). Significant differences (p≤.001) were also found in the post-race leukocyte and neutrophil values. Significant differences in hematological parameters have been observed both between and within the groups. The differences with greater significance corresponded to the leukocyte series.

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