scholarly journals TRASPLANTE RENAL EN ECUADOR, PUNTOS CLAVE Y SITUACIÓN ACTUAL.

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Jorge Albán Tigre ◽  
Andrea Villarreal Juris ◽  
Juan Mora Betancourt ◽  
Víctor Betancourt Nole
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Renal Dialysis ◽  
Chronic Kidney Failure ◽  
World Health ◽  
Kidney Transplants ◽  
Pediatric Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Donor Rate ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
End Stage

IntroductionKidney transplantation in Ecuador began in 1976, it was limited until 2011, when the Organic Law of Donation and Transplantation of Organs, Tissues and Cells became valid. This is indicated in end-stage renal failure, in adult and pediatric patients; and, compared to peritoneal and renal dialysis, it is less expensive for the health system. In 2015, in Ecuador, at least 30,000 people suffered from end-stage kidney disease; 45% of them could die without treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the current situation in Ecuador regarding kidney transplantation. MethodologyA descriptive, retrospective study. INDOT statistics were reviewed from 2007 to August 2019, to determine the total number of transplants and kidney transplants, type of transplant, effective donors, rate of donors per million population (pmp), transplanted organ rate (pmp), evolution of the national waiting list, survival rate, etc. Results From 2007 to 2019, 6134 transplants were performed: 25.4% renal. Most donors were male (68.1%). The donor rate (pmp) between 2009 and 2019 was 4.2 (SD: ± 2.1). The mean rate of transplanted organs was 8.1 (SD: ± 3.6) (pmp) from 2007 to 2019. In this period 1560 kidney transplants were performed: 83.1% with cadaveric donors (88.1% adults; 11.9% pediatric) and 16.9% with living donors (72.4% adults; 27.6% pediatric). The one-year survival rate after cadaveric and living donor kidney transplantation was 0.94 and 0.97 in adults; and 0.90 and 0.97 in pediatrics, respectively. Currently there are only 5 accredited centers for kidney transplantation in adults and one for pediatric kidney transplantation .ConclusionsKidney transplantation has made significant progress in Ecuador, however, it is still below the World Health Organization (WHO) goal established for the proper management of patients with chronic kidney failure.

Indeterminate Chagas’ disease: Trypanosoma cruzi strain and re-infection are factors involved in the progression of cardiopathy

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan M. BUSTAMANTE ◽  
Héctor W. RIVAROLA ◽  
Alicia R. FERNÁNDEZ ◽  
Julio E. ENDERS ◽  
Ricardo FRETES ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Infected Group ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cardiac Lesions ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Β Adrenergic Receptors ◽  
First Time

Chagas' disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted by reduviid bugs. The World Health Organization has estimated that about 16–18 million people in the Americas are infected, and that more than 100 million are at risk. In the present study we have used a murine model to analyse if particular T. cruzi strains (Tulahuen strain and SGO-Z12 isolate from a chronic patient) and/or re-infection may determine, during the indeterminate phase of experimental Chagas' disease, changes that could explain the different evolution of cardiac lesions. Re-infected mice reached higher parasitaemias than those infected for the first time. The survival in the indeterminate phase of mice infected with Tulahuen strain was 50.0%, while the SGO-Z12-infected group presented a significantly higher survival rate (77.1%; P<0.01). The SGO-Z12-re-infected group showed a survival rate (70.9%) significantly higher than that of the Tulahuen-re-infected group (37.0%; P<0.01). Electrocardiographic abnormalities were found in 66% of Tulahuen-infected mice, while in SGO-Z12-infected group such abnormalities were found in only 36% of animals (P<0.01). The two groups exhibited similar percentages of electrocardiographic dysfunction on re-infection, although intraventricular blocks were more frequent in Tulahuen-re-infected mice (P<0.01). Hearts from infected or re-infected mice with either parasite showed mononuclear infiltrates. The SGO-Z12-re-infected and Tulahuen-re-infected groups exhibited a significantly diminished affinity (P<0.05) and a significantly increased density (P<0.05) of cardiac β-adrenergic receptors compared with the infected and non-infected groups. The indeterminate phase of Chagas' disease is defined as a prolonged period that is clinically silent, but the present findings show that different T. cruzi strains and re-infection are able to alter the host–parasite equilibrium, and these factors may be responsible for inducing progressive cardiopathy.

scholarly journals Analysis of the physical aspects of quality of life of kidney recipients

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Elza Oliveira de Mendonça ◽  
Marina de Góes Salvetti ◽  
Eulália Maria Chaves Maia ◽  
Ana Cristina de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Gilson de Vasconcelos Torres
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
World Health ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Kidney Recipients ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Health Organization

OBJECTIVE To identify the main factors of the physical domain modified after kidney transplantation and analyze the influence of those aspects in the perception of Overall quality of life (QOL). METHOD Longitudinal study, conducted with 63 chronic kidney patients, evaluated before and after kidney transplant, using the quality of life scale proposed by the World Health Organization. RESULTS We observed significant improvement in the physical aspects of QOL after kidney transplantation. Significant correlations were observed between physical aspects and the Overall QOL. CONCLUSION The kidney transplant generated improvement in all physical aspects of QOL. The factors that showed stronger correlation with the Overall QOL before the transplant were the capacity to work and pain. After the transplant, the perception of need for treatment was the factor that showed stronger correlation with the Overall QOL.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN KAPASITAS PEREMPUAN BAGI IBU-IBU RELAWAN PROGRAM PALIATIF DI DESA KAMBINGAN DAN DESA KREMBUNG, KECAMATAN CERME, KABUPATEN GRESIK

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Sulikah Asmorowati ◽  
Inge Dhamanty
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
High Rate ◽  
World Health ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
Community Project ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
End Stage

The high rate of deaths caused by serious illnesses has led the World Health Organization (WHO) to recommend palliative care that is considered to be able to improve the quality of patient’s live Palliative care or service is service for patients with serious illnesses, such as cancer (stadium or end-stage). In this activity, however, palliative care and service is extended so that it includes diseases that are not contagious but deadly (thus, contributed significantly to mortality rate), including such illnesses as diabetes, high-blood pressure, cholesterol, stroke and other similar illnesses. These illnesses are now increasingly being suffered by and become the major cause of death (caused by illnesses) amongst Indonesians. In order to increase the availability of palliative services in the target area, this community project provides training and assistance to develop women’s capacity in the villages of Kambingan and Ngembung, Cerme, Gresik, so that they are ready to volunteers for palliative care and service in their respective communities. The projects were conducted by providing material through lectures, and modules; followed by assistance to form a team of palliative case and service. At the end, this project resulted in the increasing understanding, and capacity of women (and mothers or PKK member), as the target groups about palliative care and services. In turn, the women were then ready to become volunteers for palliative care and program.abstrakTingginya tingkat kematian akibat penyakit serius membuat WHO menyarankan untuk melakukan perawatan paliatif yang dianggap dapat meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Program atau layanan paliatif adalah pelayanan kepada pasien dengan penyakit berat, yaitu kanker (stadium akhir). Dalam kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat (pengmas) ini, layanan paliatif diperluas sehingga meliputi pula penyakit-penyakit yang tidak menular namun mematikan, seperti penyakit diabates, darah tinggi, kolesterol, stroke dan sejenisnya yang dewasa ini semakin banyak di derita masyarakat Indonesia. Kegiatan pengmas ini memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan untuk mengembangkan kapasitas ibu-ibu tim penggerak dan anggota PKK di Desa Kambingan dan Desa Ngembung, Kecamatan Cerme, Kabupaten Gresik agar siap untuk menjadi relawan program paliatif di lingkungan masyarakat masing-masing. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah dengan pemberian materi melalui ceramah, pemberian modul, serta pendampingan pembentukan tim paliatif sebagai follow-up kegiatan. Hasil yang dicapai dari kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini adalah meningkatnya pemahaman masyarakat khususnya ibu-ibu tentang layanan paliatif, serta meningkatnya kapasitas mereka,sehingga siap menjadi relawan program paliatif.

scholarly journals Comparison of induction therapy with anti-thymocyte/antilymphocyte globulin or anti-IL-2 receptor antibody in pediatric kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Lin ◽  
Miaohan Deng ◽  
Xitao Hong ◽  
Weiqiang Ju ◽  
Maogen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Acute Rejection ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Induction Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rejection Rate ◽  
Antilymphocyte Globulin ◽  
Pediatric Kidney Transplantation

Abstract BackgroundAnti-IL-2 antibody (basiliximab or daclizumab) and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG)/antilymphocyte globulin (ALG) are widely used as induction agents in pediatric kidney transplantation. However, which of them benefits patients more remains unknown.MethodsOnline databases were searched to identify controlled clinical studies that compared anti-IL-2 with ATG/ALG for induction therapy in pediatric kidney transplantation. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were chosen to compare the gathered data. Review Manager 5.4 was applied to identify differences in outcomes between the two agents.ResultsFive retrospective cohort studies were included, enrolling a total of 2510 pediatric patients, 1152 (45.7%) of whom had received ATG/ALG therapy and 1370 (54.3%) of whom received anti-IL-2. According to the pooled results, no differences were seen between anti-IL-2 and ATG/ALG regarding the delayed graft function (DGF) rate (odds ratio (OR) 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–3.39; P = 0.85), 6-month acute rejection rate (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.62–1.03; P = 0.09), 1-year acute rejection rate (OR 0.98; 95% CI 0.78–1.24; P = 0.88), 1-year graft survival rate (OR 1.37; 95% CI 0.91–2.06; P = 0.13), 1-year patient survival rate (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.40–1.86; P = 0.70) and 1-year post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) rate (OR 0.30; 95% CI 0.03–3.16; P = 0.32).ConclusionsAnti-IL-2 have the same efficacy and safety as ATG/ALG in transplant induction therapy. However, as most of included studies were small-scale retrospective studies, further studies are needed to identify an optimal choice with certain.The analysis had been registered in PROSPERO and the registration ID is CRD42021237561. Comparison of induction therapy with anti-thymocyte/antilymphocyte globulin or anti-IL-2 receptor antibody in pediatric kidney transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

The association between hope and quality of life in haemodialysis patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (21) ◽  
pp. 1260-1265
Author(s):  
Ali Alshraifeen ◽  
Sami Al-Rawashdeh ◽  
Kaye Herth ◽  
Karimeh Alnuaimi ◽  
Fatmeh Alzoubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Background: Hope is important for patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis (HD) and hope is associated with quality of life (QoL). Studies examining hope among the HD population are limited and, as far as the authors know, have not been undertaken in Jordan. Aims: To examine levels of hope and QoL and to examine the association between hope and QoL in HD patients in Jordan. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 202 patients from six different dialysis centres was recruited. The World Health Organization QOL-BREF and the Herth Hope Index were used. Findings: Moderate levels of hope (M=32.3±4.1) were reported. Respondents reported low mean scores for the physical domain of QoL (M=48.3±21.1) but not for the psychological and social relationship domains. Higher hope scores were associated with better QoL. Conclusion: The findings suggest a positive relationship between the level of hope and QoL in people receiving HD. Encouraging hope while caring for HD patients in clinical settings may improve their QoL. Understanding the relationship between hope and QoL may help healthcare providers to improve the quality of care for patients and their families.

scholarly journals Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm of the Pancreas: Unfolding an Intriguing Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Manuel António Alves Cruz ◽  
Pedro Moutinho-Ribeiro ◽  
Pedro Costa-Moreira ◽  
Guilherme Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
World Health ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Solid Pseudopapillary Neoplasm ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Health Organization

Pancreatic cancer is one of the most lethal malignant neoplasms, with a 1-year survival rate after diagnosis of 24%, and a 5-year survival rate of only 9%. While this illustrates the behavior of its main histologic type – ductal adenocarcinoma, there are other histologic subtypes of pancreatic cancer that can harbor excellent prognosis. Solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, described as a rare low-grade malignant neoplasm by the World Health Organization, is the best example of that, having an overall 5-year survival rate of about 97%. Not only the prognosis, but everything about this entity is unique: its histogenesis, epidemiology, presentation, imaging characteristics, cytology features, immunohistochemical profile, and treatment. This explains the urge to improve our understanding about this entity and thus our ability to accurately recognize and manage it. Having this in mind, this article aims to summarize the most relevant topics regarding this entity.

Does Transportation Mean Transplantation? Impact of New Airline Routes on Sharing of Cadaveric Kidneys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guihua Wang ◽  
Ronghuo Zheng ◽  
Tinglong Dai
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Operations Management ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Kidney Transplants ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Geographic Regions ◽  
Transplantation System ◽  
The U.S

Every year, nearly 5,000 patients die while waiting for kidney transplants, and yet an estimated 3,500 procured kidneys are discarded. Such a polarized coexistence of dire scarcity and massive wastefulness has been mainly driven by insufficient pooling of cadaveric kidneys across geographic regions. Although numerous policy initiatives are aimed at broadening organ pooling, they rarely account for a key friction—efficient airline transportation, ideally direct flights, is necessary for long-distance sharing, because of the time-sensitive nature of kidney transplantation. Conceivably, transplant centers may be reluctant to accept kidney offers from far-off locations without direct flights. In this paper, we estimate the effect of the introduction of new airline routes on broader kidney sharing. By merging the U.S. airline transportation and kidney transplantation data sets, we create a unique sample tracking (1) the evolution of airline routes connecting all the U.S. airports and (2) kidney transplants between donors and recipients connected by these airports. We estimate the introduction of a new airline route increases the number of shared kidneys by 7.3%. We also find a net increase in the total number of kidney transplants and a decrease in the organ discard rate with the introduction of new routes. Notably, the posttransplant survival rate remains largely unchanged, although average travel distance increases after the introduction of new airline routes. Our results are robust to alternative empirical specifications and have important implications for improving access to the U.S. organ transplantation system. This paper was accepted by Vishal Gaur, operations management.

The Global Pain Crisis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Foreman
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Pain Relief ◽  
World Health ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
The World ◽  
Lost Productivity ◽  
Pain Crisis ◽  
Global Pain ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
End Stage

Hundreds of millions around the world live in chronic pain - many in such severe pain they are disabled by it. The Institute of Medicine estimates that chronic pain costs the U.S. alone $560 to $635 billion a year in direct medical costs and lost productivity. Morphine, an effective painkiller, costs only three cents a dose, yet because of excessive regulation in many countries, it is unavailable to millions of people who need it, even at the end of life. The World Health Organization notes that in addition to the one million end-stage AIDS/HIV patients who can’t get morphine and other controlled medications, 5.5 million terminal cancer patients, nearly a million people suffering from accidents or violence, and an incalculable number of people living with chronic illnesses and recovering from surgery can’t get it, either. Women, children, older people, and the poor are disproportionally affected by inadequate pain relief. Physicians know almost nothing about chronic pain, much less how to treat it, for two reasons: medical schools barely teach it and government institutions allot almost nothing to the pain research budget. In The Global Pain Crisis: What Everyone Needs to Know®, renowned health journalist Judy Foreman addresses the most important questions about chronic pain: what is it, who does it affect most, what works and what doesn’t for pain relief in Western and alternative medicines, what are the risks and benefits for opioids and marijuana, and how can the chronic pain crisis be resolved for good? Foreman’s book is a wake-up call for a health problem that affects all people across the globe, at all stages of life. Written in the classic, easy-to-read and quick reference style of the What Everyone Needs to Know® series, The Global Pain Crisis is a must for anyone whose life or work is affected by chronic pain.

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