scholarly journals Electronic Toll Collection Systems and their Interoperability: The State of Art

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier De las Heras Molina ◽  
Juan Gómez Sánchez ◽  
José Manuel Vassallo Magro
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Dedicated Short Range Communications ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
State Of Art ◽  
Selection Of

The European Electronic Toll Service (EETS) was created in 2004 with the aim of ensuring interoperability among the existing electronic toll collection (ETC) systems in Europe. However, the lack of cooperation between groups of stakeholders has not made possible to achieve this goal ten years later. The purpose of this research is to determine the better way to achieve interoperability among the different ETC systems in Europe. Our study develops a review of the six main ETC systems available worldwide: Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), Satellite systems (GNSS), Tachograph, and Mobile communications tolling systems. The research also provides some insight on different emerging technologies. By focusing on different operational and strategic aspects offered by each technology, we identify their main strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats and makes different recommendations to improve the current framework. The research concludes that given the diversity of advantages and inconveniences offered by each system, the selection of a certain ETC technology should also take into account its potential to overcome the weaknesses in the current ETC framework. In this line, different policy recommendations are proposed to improve the present ETC strategy at the EU.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3186

scholarly journals Electronic Toll Collection System in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmida Hoque Khan
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
Toll Plaza ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system using radio frequency identification (RFID) is a digital technology that allows vehicles to pass through the toll plaza without stopping for toll payment. The most notable advantage of this technology is that it eliminates congestion near the toll booths. Toll operators could also be benefitted from the implementation of ETC. In this study, problems and prospects of introducing ETC in Bangladesh have been assessed with the help of the Questionnaire Survey and Key Informant Interview. A total of nine samples were surveyed. It was revealed from the study that there are both problems and prospects of introducing ETC in Bangladesh. Seventy percent of respondents know about the launching of ETC in Bangladesh. The respondents stalwartly perceive that ETC would help ease traffic jams created by long queues in the manual payment of toll. There are many challenges in introducing ETC in Bangladesh. As this is a new technology, it would take time to overcome the difficulties. Efforts from all corners can move the ETC forward and make excellent use of the modern and digital technology in the payment of toll in line with the viewpoint of Digital Bangladesh. Keywords: Electronic toll collection (ETC), radio frequency identification (RFID), toll plaza, questionnaire survey, key informant interview

E-ZPass and the Ohio Turnpike

2012 ◽  
pp. 327-348
Author(s):  
Eliot Rich
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Credit Card ◽  
The United States ◽  
Art Practice ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Toll Collection

“Stop Stopping, Get Going.” The commonwealth of Virginia’s Web site slogan (2005) tells much of the E-ZPass story.1 E-ZPass uses computer technology to automate vehicle toll collection and payments across most of the northeastern and eastern sections of the United States. E-ZPass participants have radio frequency identification (RFID) tags installed in their cars to signal their trip through a tollbooth. Each entry and exit is recorded in a database and charged against an account on file. Bills for tolls may be paid automatically through a credit card charge or from deposits in a cash account. Electronic toll collection reduces delays at tolls, eliminates fumbling for change, trims air pollution from idling vehicles, and accelerates travel. By most accounts, E-ZPass has been a resounding success. Within the northeastern and midwestern United States, over 9 million account holders subscribe to the program, recording over 2 billion transactions each year for road, bridge, and tunnel use in 2006. Customer satisfaction is high, and program enrollments continue to grow. E-ZPass represents a state-of-the-art practice in electronic toll collection as well as a significant success in the use of RFID technology for consumers (U.S. Federal Trade Commission, 2005).

Arduino Based RFID Controlled Automatic E-TOLL Collection System

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Varadraj Bhat ◽  
Prasad Pai
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Human Errors ◽  
Traffic Jams ◽  
Rfid System ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Toll Collection

This paper focuses on an electronic toll collection (ETC) system using radio frequency identification technology (RFID). Research on ETC was started in 1992, during which RFID tags began to be widely used in vehicles to automate toll processes. The proposed RFID system uses tags that are mounted on the windshields of vehicles, through which information embedded on the tags are read by RFID readers. This eliminates the need for motorists and toll authorities to manually perform ticket payments and toll fee collection. The Data of each vehicle crossing the toll gate is stored in the website. A LCD screen is also provided for user convenience.The toll Gate arena is monitored by means of a camera at all times. Data information are also easily exchanged between the motorists and toll authorities, thereby enabling a more efficient toll collection by reducing traffic jams and eliminating possible human errors.

Analysis and Design of the Electronic Toll Collection System of Expressway Based on RFID

2012 ◽  
Vol 195-196 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Zhi Hui Feng ◽  
Yan Na Ren ◽  
Peng Tao Xue ◽  
Ming Jie Li
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Toll Collection ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification Devices ◽  
Toll Station

In order to speed up the vehicles through the expressway toll station and reduce traffic congestion, we analysed of the No-waiting ETC(Electronic Toll Collection System) of expressway unifying the ETC theory and the RFID(Radio Frequency Identification Devices) technology. Firstly, we analysed system's hierarchy architecture, then detailed analysed the basic component of system, and designed the workflow and composing of functional modules, finally, established the model of ETC system of expressway based on RFID, it provides more practical guidance scheme for expressway ETC system.

scholarly journals Electronic Toll Collection System based on Radio Frequency Identification System

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1602
Author(s):  
Raed Abdulla ◽  
Aden Abdillahi ◽  
Maythem K. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Current System ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
System Throughput ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Electronic Toll Collection ◽  
Check System ◽  
Toll Collection

This papaer entitled electronic toll collection system based on Radio Frequncy Identification System explained in detail based on current issue at toll collection system. There are some obstacles faced every day where the users spent their valuable time in queue at tollgate due to traffic congestion as well as using traditional manual method in most existing toll ETC system to collect toll from road users. Besides that, the barrier design where each vehicle stop waiting until barrier lift which consider source of time delay. To tackle stated problems, an electronic toll collection system is proposed which based on RFID technology. The integrated system consists of two main sections, electronic sides where all input data received from while database management office is where all necessary information stored. To compare the current ETC system, in this research elaborated internet of things where all data transmit through cloud and then to the main office in real time. Not only that, there is some enhancement based on barrier design where, gate is remained open for all vehicles with sufficient tags without requiring to stop to eliminate time delay.By check system throughput compare to existing toll systems, various tests have been carried out in different method where proposed system throughput much higher percentage the current system.

Utilizing Modeling in a Reliability Study of ACA Joints in Humidity Tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsi Saarinen ◽  
Laura Frisk
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Cycling Test ◽  
Humidity Level ◽  
Anisotropic Conductive Adhesive ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Identification Tags ◽  
Selection Of

Radio frequency identification tags (RFID) with anisotropic conductive adhesive (ACA) joints are used in various applications where the environmental conditions may impair their reliability. Thus the effects of different environmental stresses on reliability need to be investigated. The purpose of this work was to study whether a relatively simple shear stress model can be utilized in reliability prediction of anisotropically conductive paste (ACP) joints in an accelerated humidity test on the basis of the information obtained from another humidity test. If modeling gives accurate results when studying reliability, the need for actual testing would decrease and thereby time and cost savings could be achieved. In this study, finite element models were made to calculate shear stresses in ACP joints induced by two different humidity tests. Additionally, experimental tests were performed and the results were compared with those of modeling. The test samples were RFID tags whose microchips were attached with ACP. A constant humidity test was used to study the effects of high humidity level and a humidity cycling test was used to examine the effects of constantly varying humidity. In the modeling it was observed that the selection of the stress-free temperature has a significant effect on the results. With three different stress-free temperatures, three different sets of results were obtained. Although the tags saturated in the extreme conditions of the humidity cycling test, according to modeling, the change in relative humidity level in the humidity cycling test did not increase the harshness of the test. However, the temperature change in the humidity cycling test increased the harshness.

A framework for indoor construction resources tracking by applying wireless sensor networks1This paper is one of a selection of papers in this Special Issue on Construction Engineering and Management.

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 1083-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuesong Shen ◽  
Ming Lu
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Mobile Nodes ◽  
Received Signal Strength Indicator ◽  
Construction Engineering ◽  
Global Positioning ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Selection Of

The state-of-the-art tracking technologies, such as the global positioning system (GPS) and the radio frequency identification (RFID), lend themselves well to applications in relatively open areas, while falling short of accuracy and reliability in indoor or partially covered application settings due to signal blockage, distortion or deterioration. This research aims to address this challenge in construction engineering by exploring a cost-effective positioning methodology to realize automated and continuous tracking of construction resources. The emerging ZigBee-based wireless sensor networks (WSN) technology is introduced. A framework of WSN application is proposed for indoor construction resources tracking, which consists of a group of stationary and mobile sensor nodes that can communicate with one another. Real-time locations of the mobile nodes can be determined by applying the localization method based on received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and geometric trilateration.

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