scholarly journals Nutritive value of brewers’ grain and maize silage for fattening rabbits

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 183
Author(s):  
H. Guermah ◽  
L. Maertens ◽  
M. Berchiche
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
By Products

<p>Specific knowledge of the nutritive value of raw materials is fundamental to formulate balanced diets for rabbits and allows greater use of by-products and non-conventional feedstuffs. This paper examines the feeding value of sun-dried brewers’ grain and maize silage (whole plant) for fattening rabbits. Twenty-four individually caged 8-wk-old rabbits were used to determine the digestibility. Both wet products were sun-dried and ground before being incorporated into a basal diet. The inclusion level at the expense of all basal ingredients amounted to 30%. Basal diet and both experimental diets were fed ad libitum to 8 rabbits during the 4-d balance trial. The determined digestibility of protein, fat, crude fibre and neutral detergent fibre digestibility amounted to 76.2 and 77.2%; 86.5 and 99.1%; 8.1 and 8.3% and 28.0 and 13.5%, respectively, for brewers’ grain and maize silage. The digestible energy content amounted to 11.66 MJ/kg dry matter (DM) (brewers’ grain) and 11.10 MJ/kg DM (maize silage). Both by-products have potential as alternative feedstuff in rabbit diets. However, further experiments are necessary to determine the effect of ensilaging the whole maize plant, as a significantly lower (P&lt;0.001) feed intake was observed.</p>

The composition and nutritive value of sugar beet pulp

1928 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 544-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Woodman ◽  
W. E. Calton
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Sugar Beet Pulp ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Short Account ◽  
Secure Information ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
By Products

The object of the investigation which has been described in the present communication has been to secure information concerning the feeding value of sugar beet pulp as produced at the present time in this country. Data have been obtained respecting:(1) The composition and digestibility of wet sugar beet pulp.(2) The composition of dried sugar beet pulp and the digestibility of this feeding stuff when fed to ruminants (a) in the dry condition, and (b) after preliminary soaking in water.(3) The composition of molasses-sugar beet pulp.Data have been given showing the amounts of sugar beet by-products which are becoming available for use on the farm.The commercial processes of drying wet sugar beet pulp, and the method of manufacture of molasses-sugar beet pulp, have been described.It has been shown that crude fibre (20.3 per cent.) and N-free extractives (65.7 per cent.) constitute together more than four-fifths of the dry matter of sugar beet pulp, the latter being deficient in respect of protein, ash and oil. The carbohydrate of sugar beet pulp is invested with, special interest, being mainly in the form of pectose. A short account of the chemistry of the pectic substances has been given.

Effect of dietary inclusion level of a multi-species probiotic on broiler performance and two biomarkers of their caecal ecology

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos C. Mountzouris ◽  
Irida Palamidi ◽  
Panagiotis Tsirtsikos ◽  
Michaela Mohnl ◽  
Gerd Schatzmayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Bodyweight Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Broiler Performance ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Inclusion Level ◽  
Metabolisable Energy

The effect of the dietary inclusion level of a three-species probiotic on broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, caecal microbiota composition and volatile fatty acid (VFA) pattern was evaluated. Day-old Cobb broilers (n = 448) were allocated in four treatments for 6 weeks. Each treatment had four replicates (two per gender) of 28 broilers each. Depending on the type of addition per kg basal diet, treatments were C (no other addition), PL (108 colony forming units of probiotic), PH (109 colony forming units of probiotic) and A (2.5 mg avilamycin). Overall bodyweight gain was better (P = 0.002) in PL and PH than in the control (2082 g) by 8.7% and 7.5%, respectively, while treatment PL did not differ from A (2341 g), which showed the highest bodyweight gain. The ileal and total-tract apparent digestibility of DM and the apparent metabolisable energy content corrected for N improved linearly (P ≤ 0.05) with the probiotic level. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation analysis showed caecal Bifidobacterium levels to increase linearly (P = 0.006) with the probiotic level. Probiotic administration resulted in altered caecal VFA patterns compared with the control. Gender effects (P ≤ 0.05) were noted for caecal levels of C. histolyticum group, Bacteroides fragilis group and Streptococcus spp., while interactions (P ≤ 0.05) of treatment with gender were seen for Bifidobacterium and all VFA components, except for acetate. In conclusion, beneficial effects on bodyweight gain, DM digestibility, apparent metabolisable energy content corrected for N, caecal Bifidobacterium levels and VFA patterns were noted with both probiotic inclusion levels.

Digestible energy content of cereals and wheat by-products for growing pigs

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S Batterham ◽  
C. E. Lewis ◽  
R. F. Lowe ◽  
C. J. McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
By Products ◽  
Proximate Analyses

ABSTRACT1. The digestible energy content of eight samples of barley, sorghum, wheat, weather-damaged wheat and wheat by-products produced from different regions of eastern Australia was determined using growing pigs. The relationships between physical and chemical composition and digestible energy content of the meals were studied.2. The mean and range in digestible energy (MJ/kg, air-dry basis) were, respectively: barleys 12·7 (12·4 to 13·0), sorghums 14·4 (14·1 to 14·9), wheats 14·4 (14·0 to 15·0), weather-damaged wheats 14·1 (12·9 to 14·9) and wheat by-products 12·4 (10·9 to 14·1).3. All possible regressions of digestible energy content against density, gross energy and proximate analyses of the meals were screened to select useful relationships. These screens indicated that, with the exception of wheat by-products, the majority of variation in digestible energy was due to gross energy and fibre. For wheat by-products, a combination of density and fibre accounted for most of the variation.4. Prediction equations had the most application to weather-damaged wheats, wheat by-products and a combination of all samples.5. There was no indication that neutral-detegent fibre was superior to crude fibre as a predictor of digestible energy in cereals for pigs.

The nutritive value of fodder cellulose from wheat straw. I. Its digestibility and feeding value when fed to ruminants and pigs

1947 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 202-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Woodman ◽  
R. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Run Off ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Linseed Cake ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Soda Solution

In this paper are presented the results of an investigation into the composition and digestibility of fodder cellulose. This product was manufactured from wheat straw by the method employed in the making of paper. Wheat straw was boiled with 5·9% caustic soda solution for 7 hr. under a pressure of 70 lb./sq.in. The alkaline liquor was then run off, and the residual cellulose, after being washed with water until free from alkali, was pressed, dried in electric ovens at 100° C. and finally obtained in the form of a coarse meal. It contained, on the basis of dry matter, 79·82% of crude fibre, 16·22% of N-free extractives (mainly xylan), 0·36% of crude protein, 0·49% of other extract and 3·11% of ash. Its content of total cellulose (‘true’ cellulose plus associated cellulosan, as defined by Norman & Jenkins, 1933) amounted to 97·4% on the moisture and ash-free basis.Digestion trials were carried out with both sheep and pigs. The daily ration of the sheep consisted of 800 g. of chaffed meadow hay, 600 g. of fodder cellulose, 100 g. of linseed cake, 60 g. of molasses and 18 g. of a mixture of equal parts of common salt and precipitated tricalcic phosphate. Although the fodder cellulose formed as much as 38% of the total daily food, no difficulty was experienced in securing clean and ready consumption.

Nutritive values and chemical composition of seven tropical legumes and lucerne grown in subtropical south-eastern Queensland

1967 ◽  
Vol 7 (29) ◽  
pp. 540 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Milford
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Feeding Experiments ◽  
Vigna Vexillata ◽  
Tropical Legumes ◽  
Feeding Value

The chemical composition and feeding value of seven tropical legumes and lucerne were determined by pen feeding experiments with sheep. Most of the legumes were harvested during autumn and winter. Lucerne had the highest feeding value and the highest values for the tropical legumes were obtained for Vigna vexillata, Lotononis bainesii, and Desmodium uncinatum. After frosting, the feeding values of Phaseolus lathyroides and Vigna vexillata were reduced but that of Desmodium uncinatum was not changed. This may have been due to a greater loss of leaf by both P. lathyoides and V. vexillata than by D. uncinatum. Frost did not affect Lotononis bainesii and Medicago sativa, and both had a higher feeding value than the legumes affected by frost. The usefulness of crude protein and crude fibre for estimating dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake and the relation between dry matter digestibility and dry matter intake is discussed. The use of dry matter digestibility to express the nutritive value of feed energy in preference to organic matter digestibility, starch equivalents, and total digestible nutrients is also discussed.

Nutrition of the bacon pig XVII. The nutritive value of condensed fish solubles

1954 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
Rate Of Growth

Investigations have been carried out in this department in recent years with the object of establishing the minimum protein requirements of the bacon pig. The results were recently summarized in this Journal (Woodman & Evans, 1948). The minimum protein standards recorded in that communication are consistent with the attainment of the maximum rate of growth compatible with the net energy content of the diet. The basal foods employed consisted throughout of 2 parts of barley meal and 1 part of middlings (fine bran), together with a little lucerne meal and minerals. Briefly, it was found that such a diet, when supplemented with 7% of white-fish meal, supplied the minimum amount of digestible protein required for the quickest possible rate of growth between weaning and 90 lb. live weight, when the level of feeding was such as is shown in the feeding chart (see Table 7). It was also found unnecessary to include any protein concentrate in the diet beyond 90 lb. live weight to ensure the maximum rate of growth over this later period. The requirements were based on the results of statistically designed growth trials, and were confirmed by nitrogen-balance determinations carried out in metabolism crates. It was found that nitrogen retention was just as favourable on the basal diet supplemented with 7% of white-fish meal as when the protein level was increased by feeding higher amounts offish meal.

scholarly journals The nutritive value of industrial by-products for poultry

1992 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-210
Author(s):  
Tuomo Kiiskinen
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Distillers Dried Grains ◽  
Poultry Diets ◽  
Barley Protein ◽  
By Products

The metabolizable energy (ME) and partly also the digestibility of several industrial by-products, mainly originating from grain, were determined in trials with adult cockerels. Five experiments were performed using a conventional total collection procedure, and test ingredients were substituted for 25-40 % of the basal diet. The nitrogen-corrected apparent (AMEn) and true (TMEn) metabolizable energy values of distillers’ dried grains (DDG) and distillers’ dried grains with solubles (DDGS) derived from barley, wheat and rye varied from 7.85 to 11.8 and from 7.98 to 12.0 MJ/ kg DM, respectively. The highest MEn values were observed in the dehulled barley-derived products. The digestibility of crude protein (CP) was 62-83 and that of carbohydrates 25-50 %, the latter being lowest for feeds originating from whole barley grain. The results indicated that distillers’ feeds derived from dehulled grain, especially barley, are satisfactory energy sources for poultry diets. Dried barley protein (BP 1, CP 38 %), oats protein (CP 44 %) and distillers’ solids (CP 58 %) from the integrated ethanol starch process, as well as dehulled barley and oats proved to be excellent energy feeds containing AMEn 14.9, 18.6, 15.0, 14.2 and 14.6 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The TMEn values for BPI and dehulled grains were 15.3, 14.4 and 14.8 MJ/kg DM. Supplementation with enzymes did not significantly improve the ME value of dehulled barley. The AMEn values for barley protein (BP2, CP 27 %), barley bran and barley molasses obtained from the starch process, and wheat feed meal from the milling industry, were 13.3, 8.52, 13.5 and 10.6 MJ/kg DM, respectively. The lowest ME values were obtained for samples of wheat bran, dried potato pulp and malt sprouts: AMEn 6.09, 6.23 and 6.01; TMEn 6.15, 6.07 and 6.01 MJ/kg DM, respectively.

Nutritive value of pasture. III. The influence of the intensity of grazing on the composition and nutritive value of pasture herbage (Part I)

1928 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
The Other ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Main Trial ◽  
Feeding Value

The present investigation was undertaken with the object of ascertaining the effect of cutting at fortnightly instead of weekly intervals on the yield of pastures, and on the composition, digestibility and nutritive value of the herbage.The main trial was carried out on the 1925 light-land pasture. The plot was divided into 14 sub-plots, and one sub-plot was mown per day. The whole plot, therefore, was cut over once per fortnight during the season. The results in respect of yield, composition and nutritive value were compared with corresponding results obtained on the same pasture plot under a system of weekly cuts during 1925.A second trial was carried out on sub-plots 2 and 3 of the 1926 heavy-land pasture, one sub-plot being cut weekly and the other fort-nightly. The work in this case was restricted to securing comparative data in respect of yield and composition of herbage.The results from both trials lead to the conclusion that the differences in chemical composition, both organic and inorganic, between pasture grass cut at weekly and fortnightly intervals are inconsiderable. The dry matter of the fortnightly-cut grass is extremely rich in crude protein and contains, in comparison with grass cut at the hay stage of maturity, a low percentage of crude fibre. Moreover, these characteristics are retained, by systematic cutting at fortnightly intervals, over the entire season.The results of the digestion trials justify the conclusion that the dry matter of the pasture herbage grown under a system of fortnightly cutting is a protein concentrate equal in digestibility and nutritive value to that obtained by weekly cutting. There is no significant running off in respect of composition and feeding value during the second week of growth. At the end of a fortnight the herbage still consists of the same immature, non-lignified. tissue as it was at the end of a week's growth.

The nutritive value of dried spent hops

1927 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Davies ◽  
R. S. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Linseed Cake ◽  
Spent Hops ◽  
By Products ◽  
Very High

Dried spent hops possess a high absorptive capacity, and attention is drawn to its use as a “filler” to absorb such by-products as molasses and treacle.The material possesses a high crude protein value and its ether extract is very high for a fibrous food, while the amount of crude fibre is the same as in good meadow hay. There is a high percentage of mineral matter present.The digestibility of the material has been determined by feeding with hay chaff and linseed cake meal to three sheep. The spent hops were not readily eaten and could only be included in a ration in an amount equal to one-seventh of the dry weight of the total ration.Its digestibility is low, a fifth of the crude protein and the nitrogenfree extractives, one-half of the ether extract, one-twentieth of the crude fibre and one-fifth of the total organic matter only being digestible. The production starch equivalent was 24.5.

Nutritive value of mustard cake derived from seeds of different genetic make up for growing chicks

1978 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 543-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Cilly ◽  
G. N. Lodhi ◽  
J. S. Ichhponani
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Groundnut Cake ◽  
True Protein

SummaryCakes derived from Taramira (Eruca sativa), Raya (Brassica juncea), Toria (B. campestris var. toria) and yellow and brown sarson (B. campestris var. sarson) were evaluated for their contents of crude protein, true protein, essential amino acids, available carbohydrate and tannins. Feeding trials were also conducted to compare the suitability of these cakes with groundnut cake for broilers and White Leghorn chicks up to 4 weeks of age.The crude protein content of Taramira cake was 33% whereas all the other cakes contained 37–38%. True protein accounted for 80–83% of crude protein in all the varieties and albumin and globulin constitutes the bulk of protein. The critical amino acid content of all the brassica seed proteins was found to be higher than that of other vegetable proteins although varietal differences were observed with respect to a few essential amino acids. The hulls accounted for 19% of whole Brassica seed and their removal raised the concentration of protein from 39 to 46% and reduced the crude fibre content from 15 to 6% in the defatted meal. Tannin content was higher in Taramira (1·74%) than in all other varieties (1·0–1·4%) and the major quantity of it was localized in the endosperm. The average metabolizable energy content of all the mustard cakes was 9·62 and 8·75 MJ/kg for meat-type and egg-type chicks, respectively. The nutritive value of Taramira cake was poorer than that of other Brassica cakes or groundnut cake for supporting growth rate of chicks of either breed.

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