The Effect of Oral Hygiene Instructions On Diabetic Type 2 Male Patients With Periodontal Diseases

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Almas ◽  
Suleman Al-Lazzam ◽  
Abdulla Al-Quadairi
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Diabetic Type ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Periodontal disease and diabetes are two common chronic diseases affecting humans. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of oral hygiene instructions on periodontal disease among type 2 male diabetic Saudi subjects. Sixty subjects completed the study and were divided into three groups of 20: healthy (non-diabetic) with periodontal disease, type 2 diabetic with early or moderate periodontal disease, and type 2 diabetic with advanced periodontitis. The age ranged from 24-64 (42 ± 13.60) years. The subjects were examined at King Saud University, College of Dentistry, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Oral hygiene practices and smoking habits were recorded. Oral hygiene instructions given to patients were to use an Oral B medium toothbrush and brush three times daily for 7 days using the by Bass technique for 2 minutes. Fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN), and plaque index (Pll) were used to assess patients’ profiles at baseline and at recall visit after 7 days. The results showed there was a significant overall decrease in FBGL, baseline 172.67 mg/dl (±64.69) to recall visit 162.20 (±58.78) P = 0.000, and GCF volume decreased from .4041 µl (±.1260) to .3698 µl (±.1164) P = 0.000. There was a significant reduction in subjects’ CPITN mean scores (from 13.98 (±8.24) to 13.32 (±8.97) P = 0.000), but there was no significant difference in Group 3 with advanced periodontitis, i.e., 22.25 (±1.37) to 22.30 (±1.38). There was more than a 47% reduction in the overall percentage of plaque scores. The decrease ranged from 82.27 (±19.34) to 34.45 (±17.04) at baseline and recall visit respectively. It is concluded oral hygiene instructions (a standardized regimen) has an effect on FBGL, GCF, CPITN, and PlI. It is also concluded CPITN is not very sensitive to assess change in periodontal status over a 7 days period. Further studies are needed among diabetic and healthy subjects with a larger sample size and over a longer period of time. Citation Almas K, Al-Lazzam S, Al-Quadairi A. The Effect of Oral Hygiene Instructions On Diabetic Type 2 Male Patients With Periodontal Diseases. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 August;(4)3:040-051.

scholarly journals The assessment of periodontal health in children age 12 to 15

2012 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Davidovic ◽  
Mirjana Ivanovic ◽  
Svjetlana Jankovic ◽  
Jelena Lecic
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Mixed Dentition ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Periodontal Health ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Proper Training

Introduction. Periodontal diseases and primarily gingivitis occur relatively early in the childhood. It was found that 8.8% of children 3-6 years old had gingivitis and that number increased with age. Gingivitis is especially common during puberty and mixed dentition. The aim was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of gingival and periodontal diseases in children age twelve and fifteen in Republika Srpska. Material and Methods. The study included 506 students of both genders from six schools on the territory of the municipalities Foca, Cajnice and Kalinovik. For the evaluation of oral hygiene and periodontal status, indices suitable for research in pediatric population were used: Greene-Vermillion Debris Index (DI), Greene?s Calculus Index (CI), Oral Hygiene Index (OHI) and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). The evaluation was carried out in accordance with the criteria for the diagnosis and non- communicable diseases, established in 1997 in Geneva. Results. The average DI value for all children was 0.86, the average CI 0.13, and OHI was 0.99. Healthy periodontium had 14.6% of respondents, while deep periodontal pockets of 4-5mm were found in 8.7% of fifteen-year-old children. Conclusion. A significant prevalence of gingivitis was found among examined children. It is necessary to highlight the importance of primary prevention measures, health education, proper training and regular oral hygiene, as well as regular check-ups in order to achieve better periodontal health in children.

scholarly journals Pengalaman karies, penyakit periodontal dan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamilCaries experience, periodontal disease, and caries risk level of pregnant women

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mutia Rizki Rahmayani ◽  
Anne Agustina Suwargiani ◽  
Netty Suryanti
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

Pendahuluan: Perempuan yang sedang hamil merupakan golongan yang rentan terhadap penyakit gigi dan mulut. Kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang tidak dijaga dengan baik dapat menjadi sumber terjadinya penyakit gigi dan mulut seperti infeksi gigi dan jaringan periodontal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengalaman karies, penyakit periodontal, dan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamil. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui survei yang melibatkan 50 orang ibu hamil di Puskesmas Pagarsih. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui pemeriksaan indeks DMF-T, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) dan Caries Risk Assessment Form ADA usia >6 tahun. Hasil: Nilai indeks DMF-T ibu hamil 7,84 termasuk kriteria rendah. Hasil CPITN yaitu periodontal sehat 0%; BOP 4%; kalkulus 64%; poket 4-5 mm 32%; poket 6 mm 0%. Sejumlah 4% ibu hamil membutuhkan perawatan periodontal instruksi oral hygiene, 96% lainnya membutuhkan perawatan instruksi oral hygiene, scaling dan menghilangkan faktor retentif plak. Persentase risiko karies ibu hamil dengan kategori sedang sebanyak 34% dan tinggi sebanyak 66%. Simpulan: Pengalaman karies ibu hamil termasuk ke dalam kriteria rendah, penyakit periodontal yang paling sering dijumpai adalah gingivitis, sedangkan tingkat risiko karies ibu hamil masuk ke dalam kategori tinggi.Kata kunci: Ibu hamil, indeks DMF-T, indeks CPITN, karies, tingkat risiko karies. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Pregnant women are the susceptible group to oral diseases. Negligence of oral health care can be a source of oral diseases such as dental and periodontal tissue infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the caries experience, periodontal disease, and caries risk level of pregnant women. Methods: This research was descriptive with data collection techniques through a survey involving 50 pregnant women at Pagarsih Community Health Centre (Puskesmas). Data collection was obtained by examining the DMF-T index, Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN), and the ADA Caries Risk Assessment Form aged >6 years. Results: The DMF-T index value for pregnant women was 7.84, which included the low criteria. The result of the CPITN was 0% healthy periodontal; BOP 4%; 64% calculus; pocket 4-5 mm 32%; pocket 6 mm 0%. Some 4% of pregnant women need periodontal treatment with oral hygiene instructions; the other 96% need oral hygiene instructions, scaling and removing plaque retentive factors. The percentage of caries risk for pregnant women in the moderate category was 34%, and 66% were in the high category. Conclusion: The caries experience of pregnant women is included in the low criteria. The most common periodontal disease is gingivitis, while the caries risk level of pregnant women is in the high category.Keywords: Pregnant women, DMF-T index, CPITN index, caries, caries risk level.

scholarly journals A Study on Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiko Ohtake ◽  
Ryutaro Takahashi ◽  
Yasuhiko Ohyabu ◽  
Noriko Minamisono ◽  
Tsukasa Kuzuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

scholarly journals Health Literacy Associations with Periodontal Disease among Slovak Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2152
Author(s):  
Silvia Timková ◽  
Tatiana Klamárová ◽  
Eva Kovaľová ◽  
Bohuslav Novák ◽  
Peter Kolarčik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index

Periodontal disease is inflammation of the gums and without good oral hygiene, it can progress to periodontitis. Oral hygiene might be related to a patient’s health literacy (HL), defined as ability to gain access, understand, and use information to promote and maintain good health. The aim of our study is to examine the associations of HL with indicators of periodontal disease. A cross-sectional study on 1117 adults (36.2% males; mean age = 36.4, SD = 14.2) attending dental hygiene treatment was conducted. Data on demographics, socioeconomic status, and nine domains of HL (Health Literacy Questionnaire, HLQ) were collected by questionnaire, and Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was established by the dental hygienist. Data were analysed using t-tests and logistic regression. Respondents with periodontal disease (N = 152) had statistically significantly lower levels of HL in seven out of nine HLQ domains compared to intact patients (N = 818) (t from 3.03 to 4.75, p < 0.01). Association of higher HL in seven domains with lower chance of diagnosed periodontal disease remain significant even after adjustment for age, gender and educational attainment (adjusted ORs 0.55–0.67, p < 0.05). Our findings confirm that an individual’s lower HL is significantly associated with higher chance of periodontal disease incidence, specifically among Slovak adults attending oral hygiene clinics. HL might be a promising factor in the improvement of oral health in this population, worthy of consideration in intervention and preventive activities.

Abstract TP85: Impact of Periodontal Disease and -Bacteria on Intracranial Aneurysms

Stroke ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shotaro Yoshioka
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Index

Introduction: Periodontal Gram-negative bacteria and their products can initiate inflammatory responses in periodontal tissues with systemic consequences. They are associated with the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and ischemic stroke. Local inflammation and oxidative stress play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Under the hypothesis that the severity of periodontal disease is associated with the formation and rupture of IAs we assessed which periodontal pathogens contribute to the pathogenesis of IAs. Methods: We enrolled patients with ruptured- (n=5, age 60±11.9) and unruptured IAs (n=13, age 67±6.1) and controls without IAs (n=7, age 58±8.5); their prior informed consent was obtained. The severity of periodontitis was recorded using the community periodontal index (CPI) of the Treatment Needs code. Subgingival plaques (n=23) were evaluated with the quantitative real-time PCR assay to check for the Gram-negative bacteria Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), Fusobacterium nucleatum, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia (Pi), Tannerella forsythia, and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg). Plasma IgG titers of antibody against Pg, Pi, Aa, and Eikenella corrodens were evaluated by ELISA. Results: The CPI was significantly higher in patients with IAs than the controls (2.7 vs 1.9, p<0.05) and their DNA level of subgingival plaques and their plasma IgG titers of Pg were also higher. Periodontal disease was more severe and the plasma IgG titers of Pg were higher in patients with ruptured- than unruptured IAs, suggesting that Pg is associated not only with the formation but also the rupture of IAs. Conclusions: We present evidence that severe periodontal disease and Pg infection may be involved in the pathophysiology of IAs. The management of periodontal diseases may help to prevent the formation and rupture of IAs.

scholarly journals Relationship between diabetes self-care practices and control of periodontal disease among type2 diabetes patients in Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249011
Author(s):  
S. M. Mahmudul Hasan ◽  
Mosiur Rahman ◽  
Keiko Nakamura ◽  
Yuri Tashiro ◽  
Ayano Miyashita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
And Control ◽  
Diabetes Patients

Introduction The prevalence of periodontal disease is high in diabetes patients worldwide, including Bangladesh. Although associations of periodontal disease outcomes and clinical determinants of diabetes have been investigated, few studies have reported on the relationship between periodontal diseases outcomes with modifiable factors, such as self-care and oral hygiene practices, in patients with diabetes. Moreover, in order to develop targeted strategies, it is also important to estimate their aggregated contribution separately from that of the established sociodemographic and diabetics related clinical determinates. Therefore, this study was performed to elucidate 1) the relationship of diabetes patients’ self-care and oral hygiene practices to periodontal disease and 2) the relative contributions of selected factors to periodontal disease outcome in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods The data were obtained from the baseline survey of a multicentre, prospective cohort study. A total of 379 adult patients with type 2 diabetes from three diabetic centres in Dhaka, Rajshahi and Barishal, received periodontal examinations using the community periodontal index (CPI) probe, glycated haemoglobin examination, other clinical examinations, and structured questionnaires. Multiple logistics regression analyses were performed to assess the associations between selected factors and prevalence of any periodontal disease and its severity. Results More than half of the participants were female (53.8%) and 66.8% of the total participants was 21–50 years old. The prevalence of any (CPI code 2+3+4; 75.7%) and severe form (CPI code 4; 35.1%) of periodontal disease were high in type 2 diabetes patients. In multivariate analysis, the odds of periodontal disease increased with unfavourable glycaemic control indicated by HbA1c ≥ 7%, and decreased by 64%, 85% and 92% with adherence to recommended diet, physical activity, and oral hygiene practices, respectively. Diabetes self-care practice explained the highest proportion of the variance (13.9%) followed by oral hygiene practices (10.9%) by modelling any periodontal disease versus no disease. Variables of diabetes conditions and oral hygiene practices explained 10.9% and 7.3% of the variance by modelling severe (CPI code 4) or moderate (CPI code 3) forms of periodontal disease versus mild form of periodontal disease. Findings also conferred that while poor diabetes control had an individually adverse association with any form of periodontal diseases and its severity, the risk of diseases was moderated by oral hygiene practices. Conclusions This study suggested that, in addition to diabetes-related clinical determinants, self-care practices, and oral hygiene practices must be taken into consideration for prevention and control of periodontal disease in patients with diabetes.

Alterations in HbA1c Following Minimal or Enhanced Non-surgical, Non-antibiotic Treatment of Gingivitis or Mild Periodontitis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Trial

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa E. Madden ◽  
Brock Herriges ◽  
Linda Boyd ◽  
Gayle Laughlin ◽  
Gary T. Chiodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Baseline Hba1c ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Medication Change ◽  
Periodontal Inflammation ◽  
Oral Hygiene Instructions ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Aim The purpose of this pilot study was to determine and compare the effects of two protocols aimed at reducing periodontal inflammation, upon the metabolic control of the diabetic condition in subjects with elevated baseline glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Methods and Materials Forty-two non-smoking type 2 diabetes subjects with mildly elevated HbA1c (>7 but < 9%) and severely elevated (>9%) were randomized to one of two non-surgical periodontal therapy protocols. Patients in the “minimal therapy” (MT) group received scaling, root planning, and oral hygiene instructions on two occasions six months apart. Participants randomized to the “frequent therapy” (FT) protocol received scaling, root planing, and oral hygiene instructions at two-month intervals and were provided a 0.12% chlorhexidine rinse for home use twice daily. Neither systemic nor local antibiotics were provided to either group. Subjects were asked to report any changes in diabetic medications, nutrition, and physical activity. Data analyses (ANOVA, t-test, Mann-Whitney) grouped subjects according to baseline HbA1c (>7 and < 9%, or > 9%), treatment protocol (minimal or frequent), and +/- medication change. Results In both MT and FT groups the clinical attachment level (CAL) remained unchanged but the other measures [gingival index (GI) and pocket dept (PD)] of periodontal health improved. Mean reductions in plaque showed improvement but calculus was worse in the FT group, likely due to the use of chlorhexidine. At six months, the largest reduction of HbA1c was 3.7; experienced by a subject receiving FT but no changes in diabetic medication. Among the MT and no medication change subjects, the maximum reduction was 1.6. Overall mean reduction in HbA1c of 27 subjects with baseline HbA1c >9.0 and no medication change was 0.6 with no statistical difference between the MT and FT groups. Among the medication-change subjects with baseline HbA1c >9.0, mean reduction of 1.38 was seen with FT compared to 1.10 with MT. Conclusion Overall, modest improvements in HbA1c were detected with a trend towards FT being better than MT. Although this pilot trial was under-powered to detect small between-group differences, the magnitude of our findings (0.6 mean improvement in HbA1c) matches closely findings from the only meta-analysis conducted on this topic to date. Larger scale studies must be undertaken on diabetic patients with periodontal problems. Clinical Significance Preventive periodontal regimens for diabetic patients should be sufficiently intense and sustained to eliminate periodontal inflammation and should be closely coordinated with the patient's overall clinical diabetic management. Citation Madden TE, Herriges B, Boyd L, Laughlin G, Chiodo GT, Rosenstein DI. Alterations in HbA1c Following Minimal or Enhanced Non-surgical, Non-antibiotic Treatment of Gingivitis or Mild Periodontitis in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Pilot Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 July; (9)5:009-016.

scholarly journals Asociación de la enfermedad periodontal y diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (Association between periodontal disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Rocío Violeta Valenzuela Narváez
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Community Periodontal Index ◽  
Index Treatment

La diabetes mellitus tipo 2 es un trastorno metabólico, que se manifiesta en la cavidad oral a través de caries coronaria y radicular, síndrome de boca ardiente, xerostomía, alteración de la erupción de los dientes e hipertrofia de las glándulas salivales, entre otras características. La enfermedad periodontal es una enfermedad infecciosa-inflamatoria. El objetivo del estudio es determinar la asociación de la enfermedad periodontal y diabetes mellitus tipo 2, y la máxima necesidad de tratamiento de acuerdo a los valores del Community Periodontal Index Treatment Needs (CPITN). Se realizó un estudio de control de casos para evaluar el estado de salud periodontal en 44 pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, en comparación con un grupo control conformado por 44 pacientes no diabéticos. Ambos grupos fueron evaluados, utilizando la sonda periodontal WHO CPI (Hu-Friedy, Chicago, IL, USA). Los resultados muestran para el valor 0 (P <0,05) GC: 2.27%, el valor 1 (P <0,05) GC: 18,18%. El valor 2 (P <0,05) del GC: 27.27%. El valor 3 (P <0,05) DM tipo 2: 31,81%. El valor 4 (P <0,05) DM tipo 2: 47,42%. Los valores 3 (P=1.923*) y 4 (P=11.207*) fueron significativamente mayores en DM tipo 2. En conclusión, se determina que las probabilidades de presentar los valores más altos del CPITN, estarían asociados a los pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2.

PERIODONTAL DISEASE STATUS, KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICE AND TREATMENT NEEDS OF PREGNANT WOMEN

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Thien Nguyen Duc ◽  
Tai Tran Tan
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Gestation Period ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

Background: Periodontal disease is a prominent and important issue of public health, especially in pregnant women. The objective of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics; learn knowledge, attitudes, practice oral hygiene and assess the need for treatment of periodontal disease in pregnant women. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 210 pregnant women who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Clinical examination and interview questions on knowledge, attitudes and practice of oral care for all subjects. Results: The incidence of gingivitis was 100%, with mild gingivitis of 4,3% and moderate gingivitis of 95.7%. There was a difference in incidence rates of gingivitis in the gestational period (p<0.001). The incidence of periodontitis is 17.6% and there is no difference in gestational age (p>0.05). The mean values of GI and BOP indices differed by gestation period (p<0.05) and PD, OHI-S, PlI have statistically significant relationship with gestation period (p>0.05). The incidence of periodontal disease is 80.5%; The percentage of pregnant women who abstain from brushing their teeth after birth is 61.4%. Prevalence of brushing once a day: 7.1%; Twice a day: 70.5% and 3 times daily: 22.4%; The mean values of GI, PD, BOP, OHI-S and PlI were inversely proportional to the number of brushing (p<0.001). The rate of dental hygiene is just 3.3%; The rate of oral hygiene, dental plaque and plaque removal was 94,3%; The proportion of subjects required for intensive treatment is 2.4%. Conclusion: Periodontal disease, especially for pregnant women, is high. It is necessary to educate the knowledge, attitudes and practice of proper oral hygiene and to better meet the demand for periodontal disease treatment for pregnant women. Key words: Periodontal disease, pregnant women, knowledge, attitude, practice for oral hygiene, treatment needs

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