scholarly journals Premenstrual Syndrome: Correlation and Functional Impairment

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Murlidhar Swami ◽  
Mona Narain ◽  
Krishna Kanwal
Keyword(s):  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Severe Form ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premenstrual Symptoms ◽  
Dsm Iv

ABSTRACT Introduction Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and its more severe form “premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)” is a common yet underdiagnosed disorder. It is characterized by anxiety, mood changes, and several somatic symptoms in the last week of the luteal phase and began to remit within a few days after the onset of the follicular phase. Aims The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PMS and PMDD among females at a tertiary care center and evaluate the associated symptomatology, sociodemographic variables, and functional impairment. Materials and methods In an observational, cross-sectional study, 150 randomly selected females (18–30 years) were evaluated for menstrual history after sociodemographic profiling. Structured Clinical Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV)-TR (SCID)-PMDD was applied among those who were positive on premenstrual symptoms screening tool. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 14.0. Results The prevalence of PMS was 21.33%. Moderate to severe PMS was 14% and PMDD was 7.33% according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Fatigue/lack of energy, decreased interest in work were the most commonly reported symptoms. Decreased school/work efficiency and productivity was the commonest form of functional impairment. Increased body mass index, onset of symptoms since menarche, duration of premenstrual symptoms, menstrual cramps, and family history showed statistically significant association with PMS/PMDD. Conclusion Premenstrual syndrome is fairly common and causes significant functional impairment. Screening females in relevant age group for its symptomatology may aid in early detection and better management. How to cite this article Swami M, Narain M, Kanwal K, Mishra M, Singh S. Premenstrual Syndrome: Correlation and Functional Impairment. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2017;2(1):18-22.

scholarly journals A study on premenstrual syndrome symptoms and their association with sleep quality in nursing staff

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1487
Author(s):  
Gauri Kore ◽  
Heena Merchant ◽  
Hiba Narvel ◽  
Ajita Nayak ◽  
Avinash De Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premenstrual Symptoms ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Background: Symptoms in the premenstrual period can be debilitating and troublesome and impacts the general health of women. There is a dearth of studies examining the relationship between sleep quality and premenstrual symptoms in women, especially in Indian settings. The current study was conducted with the aim of looking at the frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in different age groups and the association of these symptoms with sleep quality in nursing staff.Methods: The cross-sectional study involved 450 female nursing staff between 25- 50 years of age from various tertiary care hospitals who were administered the Premenstrual Tension Syndrome Rating Scale (PMTS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The data was then statistically analyzed.Results: The prevalence of premenstrual symptoms was found to be 85.6% amongst the participants (according to the ACOG criteria), while the proportion of females suffering from PMS (according to DSM IVTR criteria) was 36.5%. A correlation analysis between total scores of PMTS and PSQI showed a positive, linear and significant association.Conclusions: The intensity of PMS was associated with reduction in sleep quality in present study. Further studies on PMS and sleep related parameters need to carry out in larger samples to give impetus to our findings.

scholarly journals Psychiatric Comorbidities in Patients with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Center: A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhaskkar Sharma ◽  
Anup Devkota ◽  
Suresh Chandra Pant
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Alcohol Dependent

Introduction: The co-occurence of substance abuse and mental illness is well known. Alcoholics are reported to be three times more likely to suffer from another psychiatric disorder. This study aims to observe the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity in alcohol dependent patients in our setup. Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional observational study conducted over a period of three months. Consecutive patients presenting to the out-patient section of Psychiatric department who met the DSM-IV-TR criteria for alcohol dependence were included in the study. They were interviewed using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR (SCID I&II) to assess for comorbidity. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS TM) software. Mann Whitney U test and Chi square or Fisher's Exact tests were used for statistical analysis. Results: Out of 31 patients enrolled, 14 (45.16%) had psychiatric comorbid conditions all of which were Axis I disorders. Anxiety disorder (35.71%) was the most frequent associated disorder followed by depressive disorder (28.57%). The alcohol dependent patients with comorbidity was significantly younger (mean age=35.71±13.60 years) in comparison to those without comorbidity (mean age=42.59±11.15 years). Other socio-demographic parameters were comparable between the two groups. Patients with history of past psychiatric illness and medication were less likely to have comorbidity, which was statistically significant. Conclusion: Psychiatric comorbidity is common in alcohol dependent people. Anxiety disorder and depression were more prevalent entities. Those with past illness and medications were less likely to have comorbidities.

scholarly journals Premenstrual Syndrome Diagnosis: A Comparative Study between the Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) and the Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST)

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 020-025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Henz ◽  
Charles Ferreira ◽  
Carolina Oderich ◽  
Carin Gallon ◽  
Juliana Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Premenstrual Syndrome ◽  
Screening Tool ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Premenstrual Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Daily Record

Objective To validate the premenstrual symptoms screening tool (PSST) in relation to the daily record of severity of problems (DRSP) for premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) diagnoses. Methods A cross-sectional study with 127 women (20–45 years) with PMS complaints. The women were evaluated in terms of weight, height and body mass index (BMI). After using the primary care evaluation of mental disorders (PRIME-MD) questionnaire to exclude the diagnosis of depression, the PSST was completed and the women were instructed to fill out the DRSP for two consecutive menstrual cycles. The agreement between the two questionnaires was assessed by the Kappa (k) and the prevalence-adjusted, bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) values. Results Two-hundred and eighty-two women met the eligibility criteria and answered the PSST. The DRSP was completed for two cycles by 127 women. The percentages of women with PMS and PMDD diagnoses by the DRSP were 74.8% and 3.9% respectively; by PSST, the percentages were41.7% and 34.6% respectively. The number of patients considered “normal” (with symptoms below the threshold for the diagnosis of PMS) was similar in both questionnaires. There was no agreement (Kappa = 0.12) in the results of PMS/ PMDD diagnosis (the PABAK coefficient confirmed this result = 0.39). The PSST had a high sensitivity (79%) and a low specificity (33.3%) for PMS/PMDD diagnosis. Conclusion The PSST should be considered a diagnostic screening tool. Positive PMS/PMDD cases by PSST should be further evaluated by DRSP to confirm the diagnosis.

Prehospital Intubations Are Associated with Elevated Endotracheal Tube Cuff Pressures: A Cross-Sectional Study Characterizing ETT Cuff Pressures at a Tertiary Care Emergency Department

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Ruo S. Chen ◽  
Laurel O’Connor ◽  
Matthew R. Rebesco ◽  
Kara L. LaBarge ◽  
Edgar J. Remotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Cuff Pressure ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endotracheal Tube Cuff ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tube Cuff ◽  
Respiratory Therapists ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction: Emergency Medical Services (EMS) providers are trained to place endotracheal tubes (ETTs) in the prehospital setting when indicated. Endotracheal tube cuffs are traditionally inflated with 10cc of air to provide adequate seal against the tracheal lumen. There is literature suggesting that many ETTs are inflated well beyond the accepted safe pressures of 20-30cmH2O, leading to potential complications including ischemia, necrosis, scarring, and stenosis of the tracheal wall. Currently, EMS providers do not routinely check ETT cuff pressures. It was hypothesized that the average ETT cuff pressure of patients arriving at the study site who were intubated by EMS exceeds the safe pressure range of 20-30cmH2O. Objectives: While ETT cuff inflation is necessary to close the respiratory system, thus preventing air leaks and aspiration, there is evidence to suggest that over-inflated ETT cuffs can cause long-term complications. The purpose of this study is to characterize the cuff pressures of ETTs placed by EMS providers. Methods: This project was a single center, prospective observational study. Endotracheal tube cuff pressures were measured and recorded for adult patients intubated by EMS providers prior to arrival at a large, urban, tertiary care center over a nine-month period. All data were collected by respiratory therapists utilizing a cuff pressure measurement device which had a detectable range of 0-100cmH2O and was designed as a syringe. Results including basic patient demographics, cuff pressure, tube size, and EMS service were recorded. Results: In total, 45 measurements from six EMS services were included with ETT sizes ranging from 6.5-8.0mm. Mean patient age was 52.2 years (67.7% male). Mean cuff pressure was 81.8cmH2O with a range of 15 to 100 and a median of 100. The mode was 100cmH2O; 40 out of 45 (88.9%) cuff pressures were above 30cmH2O. Linear regression showed no correlation between age and ETT cuff pressure or between ETT size and cuff pressure. Two-tailed T tests did not show a significant difference in the mean cuff pressure between female versus male patients. Conclusion: An overwhelming majority of prehospital intubations are associated with elevated cuff pressures, and cuff pressure monitoring education is indicated to address this phenomenon.

A Comparison of Falls and Dizziness Handicap by Vestibular Diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ryan J. Huang ◽  
Sherri L. Smith ◽  
Libor Brezina ◽  
Kristal M. Riska
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Vestibular Migraine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Purpose There is a paucity of data that directly compares the falls rate and dizziness handicap of different vestibular diagnoses. The purpose of this study is to compare the falls rate and dizziness handicap of common vestibular diagnoses encountered among a cohort of vestibular patients at a single institution. Method We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients evaluated for dizziness at a tertiary care center vestibular clinic between August 1, 2017, and March 19, 2019. Vestibular diagnosis, demographic variables, comorbidities, falls status, and Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) were extracted from the medical record for analysis. Associations between vestibular diagnosis and falls history or DHI were evaluated using multivariate logistic and linear regression, respectively. Results A total of 283 patients met our inclusion criteria with the following diagnoses: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV; n = 55), acoustic neuroma ( n = 30), Ménière's disease ( n = 28), multiple vestibular diagnoses ( n = 15), vestibular migraine ( n = 135), or vestibular neuritis ( n = 20). After adjusting for age, sex, race, medications, and comorbidities, the odds of falling was 2.47 times greater (95% CI [1.08, 6.06], p = .039) and the DHI score was 11.66 points higher (95% CI [4.99, 18.33], p < .001) in those with vestibular migraine compared to those with BPPV. Other diagnoses were comparable to BPPV with respect to odds of falling and dizziness handicap. Conclusions Patients with vestibular migraine may suffer an increased risk of falls and dizziness handicap compared to patients with BPPV. Our findings highlight the need for timely evaluation and treatment of all patients with vestibular disease.

scholarly journals Usefulness of the Non-Contact Tonometry in Out-Patient Screening

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Solomon T Selvin ◽  
Chris Elsa Samson Jacob ◽  
Thomas Kuriakose
Keyword(s):  
Central Corneal Thickness ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Corneal Thickness ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Iop Measurement ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) is considered the gold standard for Intraocular Pressure (IOP) measurement. It has the disadvantages of being a contact device, need for a slit-lamp, non-portability and need of a skilled examiner. Many hospitals are using a Non Contact Tonometry (NCT) as a screening device to save clinician time, however the usefulness is not proved in terms of reliability. This study was aimed to determine the usefulness of the Air-puff tonometer (TONOREF NIDEK II, NIDEK CO., LTD., JAPAN) over a GAT in a tertiary care center. Design: Cross-sectional Study Methods: This was a cross-sectional, non interventional observational study conducted on 224 eyes (right eye) from 224 patients. All patients underwent the IOP measurement with both methods and a central corneal thickness (CCT) measured. The data was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The mean age of the patients was 40.3±11.29 years. There was a statistically significant difference (p<0.001) between the mean NCT and GAT readings which persisted even after correction for central corneal thickness. The correlation between NCT and GAT using Pearson’s correlation coefficient was strong irrespective of the corrections for their corneal thickness (r = 0.751 and 0.718 for uncorrected and corrected values respectively). The correlation of the individual clinicians for the readings varied from moderate to strong. The ROC curve showed the best sensitivity and specificity to occur at around 13 to 14 mmHg. Conclusion: NCT seems to overestimate the IOP at low ranges as compared to the GAT and underestimate at higher ranges. The crossover of the values is seen between 12 to 13 mmHg.  The clinician should do an individualized analysis of his/her GAT measurements to the readings of the NCT machine at the clinic to obtain clinician specific nomogram. 

scholarly journals An observational study on patient compliance and adverse drug reactions of antihypertensives drugs in a tertiary care center of Bihar

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Mrityunjay Kumar Pandit ◽  
Kumar Gaurav ◽  
Jeetendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutional Ethics

Hypertension is among the most common non-communicable and lifestyle disease in our country that affects adult population of both the genders from all socio-economic backgrounds and urban and rural population. In-spite of this, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are suboptimal. Adherence of prescribed treatment has been studied in patients of hypertension in this study. : An observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College and Hospital, Bhagalpur, Bihar. Prior to the initiation of the study, clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Study period was between January 2021 and June 2021.A predesigned pretested interview schedule was used to collect the data from the 247 study participants. This schedule contained information related to socio-demographic variables, comorbidity, a format to assess the compliance to antihypertensive drugs prescribed and any adverse event. : A significant improvement in maintain optimal in blood pressure was observed in patients treated with one pill per day as compared to patients prescribed with two and three pills per day. Compliance was significantly better in patients in combination therapy as compared to monotherapy. : Low dose combination therapy has been stated to be more effective than high dose monotherapy in controlling blood pressure. It shows better compliance and lesser incidence of side-effects.

scholarly journals Thyroid dysfunction in patients of metabolic syndrome: A study from a tertiary care center in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
Akhil K Vijayan ◽  
Sushma Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
P Value ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Metabolic syndrome is characterized by hypertension, dyslipidemia, central obesity, glucose intolerance, insulin resistance. Thyroid hormone acts as general pacemaker, accelerating metabolic process and may be associated with metabolic syndrome. There is no information available in literature regarding the prevalence and association of thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome in this central region of the country. Aims and Objective: To estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in patients of metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: It is a duration based prospective cross sectional study including 200 patients of metabolic syndrome. A detailed history, clinical examination and relevant investigations including serum Free T4 (FT4), Free T3 (FT3), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) were done. Range, frequencies, percentage, mean, standard deviation and P value were calculated. P value of < 0.05 was taken as significant. Results: Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in metabolic syndrome patients was 28.5%. Prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism was 18.5% and 8.5% respectively. In patients with both metabolic syndrome and thyroid dysfunction, most common components associated are diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction is significantly common in metabolic syndrome patients. It should be aggressively detected and treated in these patients for better outcome.

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