scholarly journals Introgression of qDTY1.1 Governing Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance into an Elite Basmati Rice Variety “Pusa Basmati 1” through Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 202
Author(s):  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Aruna Kumar ◽  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Madan Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Drought stress at the reproductive stage in rice is one of the most important cause for yield reduction, affecting both productivity and quality. All Basmati rice varieties, including the popular cultivar “Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1)” is highly sensitive to reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS). We report for the first time, improvement of a Basmati cultivar for RSDS tolerance, with the introgression of a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), “qDTY1.1” into PB1. The QTL was sourced from an aus variety, Nagina 22 (N22). A microsatellite (simple sequence repeat (SSR)) marker “RM 431” located at telomeric end (38.89 mb) of chromosome 1, and located within a 1.04 mb QTL region was employed for foreground selection for qDTY1.1 in the marker assisted backcross breeding process. A set of 113 SSR markers polymorphic between N22 and PB1 were utilized for background selection to ensure higher recurrent parent genome recovery. After three backcrosses followed by five generations of selfing, eighteen near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed, through combinatory selection for agro-morphological, grain and cooking quality traits. The NILs were evaluated for three consecutive Kharif seasons, 2017, 2018 and 2019 under well-watered and drought stress conditions. RSDS tolerance and yield stability indicated that P1882-12-111-3, P1882-12-111-5, P1882-12-111-6, P1882-12-111-7, P1882-12-111-12, P1882-12-111-15 and P1882-12-111-17 were best in terms of overall agronomic and grain quality under RSDS. Additionally, NILs exhibited high yield potential under normal condition as well. The RSDS tolerant Basmati NILs with high resilience to water stress, is a valuable resource for sustaining Basmati rice production under water limiting production environments.

scholarly journals Introgression of qDTY1.1 Governing Reproductive Stage Drought Tolerance Into an Elite Rice Variety ‘Pusa Basmati 1’ Through Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Aruna Kumar ◽  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Madan Pal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Drought stress at the reproductive stage in rice is one of the most important cause for yield reduction, affecting both productivity and quality. All Basmati rice varieties, including the popular cultivar ‘Pusa Basmati 1 (PB1)’ is highly sensitive to reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS). We report for the first time, improvement of a Basmati cultivar for RSDS tolerance, with the introgression of a major quantitative trait locus (QTL), ‘qDTY1.1’ into PB1. The QTL donor was sourced from an aus variety, Nagina 22 (N22). A QTL linked microsatellite (SSR) marker ‘RM 431’ was employed for foreground selection for qDTY1.1 in the marker assisted backcross breeding process. A set of 113 SSR markers polymorphic between N22 and PB1 were utilized for background selection to ensure higher genome recovery. After three backcrosses followed by five generations of selfing, eighteen near isogenic lines (NILs) were developed, through combinatory selection for agro-morphological, grain and cooking superiority traits. The NILs were evaluated for three consecutive Kharif seasons, 2017, 2018 and 2019 under well-watered and drought stress conditions. RSDS tolerance and yield stability indicated that NIL3, NIL5, NIL6, NIL7, NIL12, NIL15 and NIL17 were best in terms of overall agronomic and grain quality under RSDS. Additionally, NILs exhibited high yield potential under normal condition as well. The RSDS tolerant Basmati NILs with high resilience to water stress, is a valuable resource for sustaining Basmati rice production under water limiting production environments.

scholarly journals Drought Tolerant near Isogenic Lines (NILs) of Pusa 44 Developed through Marker Assisted Introgression of qDTY2.1 and qDTY3.1 Enhances Yield under Reproductive Stage Drought Stress

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
Naleeni Ramawat ◽  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Improvement

Reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS) is detrimental for rice, which affects its productivity as well as grain quality. In the present study, we introgressed two major quantitative trait loci (QTLs), namely, qDTY2.1 and qDTY3.1, governing RSDS tolerance in a popular high yielding non-aromatic rice cultivar, Pusa 44, through marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Pusa 44 is highly sensitive to RSDS, which restricts its cultivation across drought-prone environments. Foreground selection was carried out using markers, RM520 for qDTY3.1 and RM 521 for qDTY2.1. Background selection was achieved with 97 polymorphic SSR markers in tandem with phenotypic selection to achieve faster recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery. Three successive backcrosses followed by three selfings aided RPG recoveries of 98.6% to 99.4% among 31 near isogenic lines (NILs). Fourteen NILs were found to be significantly superior in yield and grain quality under RSDS with higher drought tolerance efficiency (DTE) than Pusa 44. Among these, the evaluation of two promising NILs in the multilocational trial during Kharif 2019 showed that they were significantly superior to Pusa 44 under reproductive stage drought stress, while performing on par with Pusa 44 under normal irrigated conditions. These di-QTL pyramided drought-tolerant NILs are in the final stages of testing the All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Project varietal trials for cultivar release. Alternately, the elite drought-tolerant Pusa 44 NILs will serve as an invaluable source of drought tolerance in rice improvement.

scholarly journals Recovery of Recurrent Parent Genome in a Marker-Assisted Backcrossing Against Rice Blast and Blight Infections Using Functional Markers and SSRs

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Samuel Chibuike Chukwu ◽  
Mohd Y. Rafii ◽  
Shairul Izan Ramlee ◽  
Siti Izera Ismail ◽  
Yusuff Oladosu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Bacterial Leaf Blight ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Selected Lines ◽  
Recurrent Parent Genome ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The most vital aspect of marker-assisted backcross breeding is the recurrent parent genome recovery. This enables the selection of only parents with recovered recipient/recurrent parent genome in addition to the targeted genes. The recurrent parent genome recovery (RPGR) ensures that non-desirable genomic segments are removed while the gene of interest is sustained in the recombined progenies without further segregations. This work was aimed at quantifying the RPGR of backcross populations with introgression of bacterial leaf blight resistance genes. Putra-1, a Malaysian elite variety, high yielding with inherent resistance to blast but susceptible to bacterial leaf blight (BLB), was crossed with IRBB60 which is resistant to BLB disease. The IRBB60 has four Xoo resistance genes—Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21. Tightly linked polymorphic functional and SSR markers were used for foreground selection at every stage of backcrossing to select progenies with introgressed target genes. Background selection was done to quantify the percentage of RPGR in the selected lines using 79 confirmed polymorphic microsatellites. Result obtained showed that the percentage of RPGR was 80.11% at BC1F1, 95.30% at BC2F1 and 95.9% at BC2F2. The introgression of Xa4, xa5, xa13 and Xa21 Xoo resistance genes were faster through the adopted marker-assisted backcross breeding compared to what could be obtained through conventional breeding. All the 16 selected lines displayed resistance to BLB with three lines showing high resistance to the disease. The blast resistance contained in the genetic background of Putra-1 was also sustained in all the selected lines. The newly developed lines were recommended as new rice varieties for commercial cultivation.

scholarly journals Assessment of Genetic Diversity for Drought, Heat and Combined Drought and Heat Stress Tolerance in Early Maturing Maize Landraces

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelimor ◽  
Badu-Apraku ◽  
Tetteh ◽  
N’guetta
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Improvement Program ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Drought And Heat Stress

Climate change is expected to aggravate the effects of drought, heat and combined drought and heat stresses. An important step in developing ‘climate smart’ maize varieties is to identify germplasm with good levels of tolerance to the abiotic stresses. The primary objective of this study was to identify landraces with combined high yield potential and desirable secondary traits under drought, heat and combined drought and heat stresses. Thirty-three landraces from Burkina Faso (6), Ghana (6) and Togo (21), and three drought-tolerant populations/varieties from the Maize Improvement Program at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture were evaluated under three conditions, namely managed drought stress, heat stress and combined drought and heat stress, with optimal growing conditions as control, for two years. The phenotypic and genetic correlations between grain yield of the different treatments were very weak, suggesting the presence of independent genetic control of yield to these stresses. However, grain yield under heat and combined drought and heat stresses were highly and positively correlated, indicating that heat-tolerant genotypes would most likely tolerate combined drought and stress. Yield reduction averaged 46% under managed drought stress, 55% under heat stress, and 66% under combined drought and heat stress, which reflected hypo-additive effect of drought and heat stress on grain yield of the maize accessions. Accession GH-3505 was highly tolerant to drought, while GH-4859 and TZm-1353 were tolerant to the three stresses. These landrace accessions can be invaluable sources of genes/alleles for breeding for adaptation of maize to climate change.

scholarly journals Introgression of drought tolerance QTLs through marker assisted backcross breeding in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leena Todkar ◽  
Harikrishna . ◽  
G. P. Singh ◽  
Neelu Jain ◽  
P. K. Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Background Selection ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Genomic Regions ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The present study reports the introgression of the genomic regions linked with drought tolerance traits viz., NDVI, staygreen, chlorophyll content/chlorophyll fluorescence and yield from a drought tolerant parent HI1500 in to a popular high yielding but drought susceptible wheat variety GW322 following the marker assisted backcross breeding. Background selection with 109 polymorphic SSR markers accelerated genome recovery of recurrent parent which ranged from 72.14 to 86.9% in BC1F1, 90.33 to 92.02% in BC2F1 and 91.6 to 94.95% with an average of 93.5% in BC2F2 generation. Eighteen homozygous BC2F3 progenies were found to be phenotypically superior for morpho-physiological and agronomic traits over the recurrent parent GW322.

Incorporation of blast resistance into “PRR78”, an elite Basmati rice restorer line, through marker assisted backcross breeding

2012 ◽  
Vol 128 ◽  
pp. 8-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas K. Singh ◽  
Atul Singh ◽  
S.P. Singh ◽  
Ranjith K. Ellur ◽  
Vikas Choudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blast Resistance ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Restorer Line ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

Introgression of multiple disease resistance into a maintainer of Basmati rice CMS line by marker assisted backcross breeding

Euphytica ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashok K. Singh ◽  
Vikas K. Singh ◽  
Atul Singh ◽  
Ranjith K. Ellur ◽  
R. T. P. Pandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Basmati Rice ◽  
Cms Line ◽  
Multiple Disease Resistance ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

scholarly journals Molecular Breeding for Improving Productivity of Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa 44 under Reproductive Stage Drought Stress through Introgression of a Major QTL, qDTY12.1

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 967
Author(s):  
Kyaw Swar Oo ◽  
Subbaiyan Gopala Krishnan ◽  
Kunnummal Kurungara Vinod ◽  
Gaurav Dhawan ◽  
Priyanka Dwivedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Successful Recovery

Increasing rice production is quintessential to the task of sustaining global food security, as a majority of the global population is dependent on rice as its staple dietary cereal. Among the various constraints affecting rice production, reproductive stage drought stress (RSDS) is a major challenge, due to its direct impact on grain yield. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs) conferring RSDS tolerance have been identified in rice, and qDTY12.1 is one of the major QTLs reported. We report the successful introgression of qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44, a drought sensitive mega rice variety of the northwestern Indian plains. Marker-assisted backcross breeding (MABB) was adopted to transfer qDTY12.1 into Pusa 44 in three backcrosses followed by four generations of pedigree selection, leading to development of improved near isogenic lines (NILs). Having a recurrent parent genome (RPG) recovery ranging from 94.7–98.7%, the improved NILs performed 6.5 times better than Pusa 44 under RSDS, coupled with high yield under normal irrigated conditions. The MABB program has been modified so as to defer background selection until BC3F4 to accelerate generational advancements. Deploying phenotypic selection alone in the early backcross generations could help in the successful recovery of RPG. In addition, the grain quality could be recovered in the improved NILs, leading to superior selections. Owing to their improved adaptation to drought, the release of improved NILs for regions prone to intermittent drought can help enhance rice productivity and production.

scholarly journals Modified backcross breeding method for rapid conversion of field corn line to shrunken2 (sh2) gene-based sweet corn line

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Jha ◽  
N. K. Singh ◽  
P. K. Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Recurrent Parent ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Corn Hybrids ◽  
Field Corn ◽  
Recessive Mutant ◽  
Backcross Breeding ◽  
Skilled Person ◽  
Marker Assisted Backcross Breeding

The non-availability of superior and diverse inbred parents is one of the major bottlenecks to develop high yielding sweet corn hybrids. The sh2, one of the promising recessive mutant alleles, has been used in sweet corn development however its transfer to superior field corn lines may require extra inbreeding to identify heterozygous carrier plants. The use of molecular markers linked with sh2 requires a well-equipped laboratory and skilled person to carry the marker assisted backcross breeding (MABB). Considering the above constraints, a modified backcross breeding method was used taking advantage of shrunken kernel of sweet corn for foreground selection coupled with phenotypic comparison with recurrent parent (RP). The BC1F1 plants were grown and plants having high phenotypic similarity with RP were selfed as well as backcrossed as pollen parent. The BC2F1 kernels of BC1F1 plants having high similarity with RP and segregation in BC1F2 kernels were harvested. The BC2F1 plants phenotypically most similar to recomment parameter (RP) were selfed and the shrunken kernels were selected from the segregating BC2F2 .The shrunken kernels were homozygous (sh2sh2) at Sh2 locus, which were validated upon inbreeding based on nonsegregating kernels in BC2F3 . The modified backcross method used is rapid, cost effective and can be used by maize breeder with limited resources for conversion as well diversification of sweet corn germplasm.

scholarly journals AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS OF DROUGHT-TOLERANT SOYBEANS AT THE REPRODUCTIVE STAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Muchlish Adie ◽  
Ayda Krisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

In Indonesia, soybeans are typically cultivated during the dry season, thus making it prone to drought stress in the reproductive stage. The objective of the research was to characterize the agronomic characters of several soybean genotypes which were tolerant to drought at the reproductive stage. A total of 19 soybean genotypes were evaluated for its agronomic characters and tolerance to drought stress in Probolinggo (East Java, Indonesia) during the dry season (June – September). The research was arranged in a randomized block design with four replicates. Soybean cultivars were sown at two separate experiments, normal/optimal (plants were irrigated during the growth period) and stress (plants were irrigated up to 40 days after planting) conditions. Drought stress during the reproductive stage did not affect the characters of plant height, the number of branches per plant, the number of nodes per plant, and the number of pods per plant. Meanwhile, the number of empty pod, seed weight per plant, and seed yield were significantly affected. There were two genotypes which were identified as the tolerant genotypes to drought stress at the reproductive stage, i.e. MDT15-6-11 and MDT15-W-3034. The agronomic characters of MDT15-6-11 were showed as having a low percentage of yield reduction, hence it was able to mantain its high yield. The MDT15-W-3034 was identified as drought-tolerant due to the slow wilting, high plant character, a slow vegetative phase, and high yields. The genotypes obtained from this study could be recommended to be released as new soybean drought-tolerant varieties due to its high yield and tolerant to drought stress. Those genotypes could also be used as gene donors for soybean improvement to drought stress at the reproductive stage.  

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